I was creating the sub-heading from the exact same spot where I stopped typing and hit C-c C-t. Didn't move the cursor, just went straight from one step to the next.

After step

Here is what that set of steps created for me:

* PEND First item
:LOGBOOK:
- State "PEND"       from "TODO"       [2015-09-04 Fri 13:23]
:END:
*** PEND Second item
:LOGBOOK:
- State "PEND"       from "TODO"       [2015-09-04 Fri 13:23]
- State "TODO"       from              [2015-09-04 Fri 13:23]
- State "TODO"       from              [2015-09-04 Fri 13:22]
:END:

Step-by-step -- after step 1 [note: the logbook is collapsed initially, but I expanded it here to show the contents. Expanding the logbook before creating a sub-item may alter the results; I haven't tried that.]

* TODO First item
:LOGBOOK:
- State "TODO" from [2015-09-04 Fri 13:25]
:END:

after step 2:

* TODO First item
*** TODO Second item
:LOGBOOK:
- State "TODO" from [2015-09-04 Fri 13:26]
- State "TODO" from [2015-09-04 Fri 13:25]
:END:

Looks like our experiences already differ. (BTW, are you on the same org version?)

after step 3:

* TODO First item
*** PEND Second item
:LOGBOOK:
- State "PEND"       from "TODO"       [2015-09-04 Fri 13:26]
- State "TODO"       from              [2015-09-04 Fri 13:26]
- State "TODO"       from              [2015-09-04 Fri 13:25]
:END:

And after step 4, it's as you saw above.

Keith

On Fri, Sep 4, 2015 at 12:38 PM, Nicolas Goaziou <mail@nicolasgoaziou.fr> wrote:

Keith M Swartz <oneroadkms@gmail.com> writes:

> Here is an example to reproduce some questionable results:
>
> 0. Create a set of TODO labels, like so:
> #+SEQ_TODO: TODO(!) PEND(!) DONE(!)
>
> 1. Create an item, make it a todo. (Creates a logbook.)

OK.

> 2. Create a subheading. (Alt-Enter, shift-right)

From where?

> Make it a todo. (This adds a line to the logbook saying the state
> changed to TODO, even though the previous line says the state already
> is TODO. You can't tell which state changed.)
>
> 3. Cycle the state on your sub-todo to PEND. (Changes the state in the
> logbook.)
>
> 4, Go back to the main heading and cycle the state to PEND. (This creates
> ANOTHER logbook right underneath the heading showing the state change. The
> original record for when it was marked TODO is in the other logbook, but
> there are two such entries, and it's not obvious which one is which. You
> could probably infer logically that the older entry is for the main
> heading, but if states keep going back and forth, you'll lose track
> quickly.)

I cannot reproduce this. It creates the following document:

#+SEQ_TODO: TODO(!) PEND(!) DONE(!)

* PEND test
:LOGBOOK:
- State "PEND" from "TODO" [2015-09-04 ven. 21:37]
- State "TODO" from [2015-09-04 ven. 21:33]
:END:

** PEND test2
:LOGBOOK:
- State "PEND" from "TODO" [2015-09-04 ven. 21:35]
- State "TODO" from [2015-09-04 ven. 21:34]
:END:

Regards,

Keith M Swartz

oneroadkms@gmail.com