you should be able to get references with \cite{key1} and \cite{key2}. where key1 and key2 are bibtex keys in a bibtex file called references.bib.
you need at the end of your org-file where you want the bibliography to appear:
\bibliographystyle{unsrt}
\bibliography{references}
In your init file, you may need to do this:
;; for minted you must run latex with -shell-escape because it calls pygmentize as an external program
(setq org-latex-pdf-process
'("pdflatex -shell-escape -interaction nonstopmode -output-directory %o %b"
"bibtex %b"
"pdflatex -shell-escape -interaction nonstopmode -output-directory %o %b"
"pdflatex -shell-escape -interaction nonstopmode -output-directory %o %b"))
I do not think org-mode runs bibtex by default. After that you should see the references.