Such tools are for example scons is a make alternative that rethinks make's "older timestamp => rebuild"

From www.scons.org/architecture/index.html

(S)Cons decides if a file was out-of-date by using MD5 checksums of the contents of files, not timestamps.


SCons also comes to mind because you are using make for R not (traditional) programming


Most of the build tools just mentioned were written by programmers and for programmers. The fact that most programmer-friendly utilities do a poor job of fulfilling the needs of non-programmers prompted Greg Wilson to organize the Software Carpentry competition in January 2000. Software Carpentry was an open design contest with the express goal of producing a set of next-generation utilities, including a build tool, that would be accessible not only to programmers but also to computer users such as physical scientists.


[Disclaimer: Ive not tried scons myself]