==============
notmuch-search
==============

SYNOPSIS
========

**notmuch** **search** [*option* ...] <*search-term*> ...

DESCRIPTION
===========

Search for messages matching the given search terms, and display as
results the threads containing the matched messages.

The output consists of one line per thread, giving a thread ID, the date
of the newest (or oldest, depending on the sort option) matched message
in the thread, the number of matched messages and total messages in the
thread, the names of all participants in the thread, and the subject of
the newest (or oldest) message.

See **notmuch-search-terms(7)** for details of the supported syntax for
<search-terms>.

Supported options for **search** include

``--format=``\ (**json**\ \|\ **sexp**\ \|\ **text**\ \|\ **text0**)
    Presents the results in either JSON, S-Expressions, newline
    character separated plain-text (default), or null character
    separated plain-text (compatible with **xargs(1)** -0 option where
    available).

``--format-version=N``
    Use the specified structured output format version. This is
    intended for programs that invoke **notmuch(1)** internally. If
    omitted, the latest supported version will be used.

``--output=(summary|threads|messages|files|tags|filesandtags)``
    **summary**
        Output a summary of each thread with any message matching the
        search terms. The summary includes the thread ID, date, the
        number of messages in the thread (both the number matched and
        the total number), the authors of the thread and the
        subject. In the case where a thread contains multiple files
        for some messages, the total number of files is printed in
        parentheses (see below for an example).

    **threads**
        Output the thread IDs of all threads with any message matching
        the search terms, either one per line (``--format=text``),
        separated by null characters (``--format=text0``), as a JSON array
        (``--format=json``), or an S-Expression list (``--format=sexp``).

    **messages**
        Output the message IDs of all messages matching the search
        terms, either one per line (``--format=text``), separated by null
        characters (``--format=text0``), as a JSON array (``--format=json``),
        or as an S-Expression list (``--format=sexp``).

    **files**
        Output the filenames of all messages matching the search
        terms, either one per line (``--format=text``), separated by null
        characters (``--format=text0``), as a JSON array (``--format=json``),
        or as an S-Expression list (``--format=sexp``).

        Note that each message may have multiple filenames associated
        with it. All of them are included in the output (unless
        limited with the ``--duplicate=N`` option). This may be
        particularly confusing for **folder:** or **path:** searches
        in a specified directory, as the messages may have duplicates
        in other directories that are included in the output, although
        these files alone would not match the search.

    **filesandtags**
        Output the filenames of all messages matching the search terms, together
        with their corresponding tags. Filenames and tags are output as lines in
        an alternating fashion so that filenames are on odd lines and their tags
        on the following even line (``--format=text``), as a JSON arrray of
        objects (``--format=text``), or as an S-Expression list
        (``--format=sexp``).

    **tags**
        Output all tags that appear on any message matching the search
        terms, either one per line (``--format=text``), separated by null
        characters (``--format=text0``), as a JSON array (``--format=json``),
        or as an S-Expression list (``--format=sexp``).

``--sort=``\ (**newest-first**\ \|\ **oldest-first**)
    This option can be used to present results in either chronological
    order (**oldest-first**) or reverse chronological order
    (**newest-first**).

    Note: The thread order will be distinct between these two options
    (beyond being simply reversed). When sorting by **oldest-first**
    the threads will be sorted by the oldest message in each thread,
    but when sorting by **newest-first** the threads will be sorted by
    the newest message in each thread.

    By default, results will be displayed in reverse chronological
    order, (that is, the newest results will be displayed first).

``--offset=[-]N``
    Skip displaying the first N results. With the leading '-', start
    at the Nth result from the end.

``--limit=N``
    Limit the number of displayed results to N.

``--exclude=(true|false|all|flag)``
    A message is called "excluded" if it matches at least one tag in
    search.tag\_exclude that does not appear explicitly in the search
    terms. This option specifies whether to omit excluded messages in
    the search process.

    **true** (default)
        Prevent excluded messages from matching the search terms.

    **all**
        Additionally prevent excluded messages from appearing in
        displayed results, in effect behaving as though the excluded
        messages do not exist.

    **false**
        Allow excluded messages to match search terms and appear in
        displayed results. Excluded messages are still marked in the
        relevant outputs.

    **flag**
        Only has an effect when ``--output=summary``. The output is
        almost identical to **false**, but the "match count" is the
        number of matching non-excluded messages in the thread, rather
        than the number of matching messages.

``--duplicate=N``
    For ``--output=files``, output the Nth filename associated with
    each message matching the query (N is 1-based). If N is greater
    than the number of files associated with the message, don't print
    anything.

    For ``--output=messages``, only output message IDs of messages
    matching the search terms that have at least N filenames
    associated with them.

    Note that this option is orthogonal with the **folder:** search
    prefix. The prefix matches messages based on filenames. This
    option filters filenames of the matching messages.

EXAMPLE
=======

The following shows an example of the summary output format, with one
message having multiple filenames.

::

  % notmuch search date:today.. and tag:bad-news
  thread:0000000000063c10 Today [1/1] Some Persun; To the bone (bad-news inbox unread)
  thread:0000000000063c25 Today [1/1(2)] Ann Other; Bears (bad-news inbox unread)
  thread:0000000000063c00 Today [1/1] A Thurd; Bites, stings, sad feelings (bad-news unread)

EXIT STATUS
===========

This command supports the following special exit status codes

``20``
    The requested format version is too old.

``21``
    The requested format version is too new.

SEE ALSO
========

**notmuch(1)**,
**notmuch-config(1)**,
**notmuch-count(1)**,
**notmuch-dump(1)**,
**notmuch-hooks(5)**,
**notmuch-insert(1)**,
**notmuch-new(1)**,
**notmuch-reply(1)**,
**notmuch-restore(1)**,
**notmuch-search-terms(7)**,
**notmuch-show(1)**,
**notmuch-tag(1)**
**notmuch-address(1)**