I'm concerned that notmuch-emacs is causing variant messages of encrypted/signed messages to be generated. In particular, if notmuch-fcc-dirs is not nil, two variants of the message bodies will be created: one will be sent through "notmuch insert" and the other will be sent to sendmail. the mml security modes (e.g. "#secure method=pgpmime mode=sign" (in angle brackets)) take place after this bifurcation. The result for a signed message is: * the message sent to "notmuch insert" has one cryptographic signature * the message sent to sendmail has a different cryptographic signature, in particular if it is made more than 1 second later (some signature algorithms will produce identical signatures if made in the same second) You can try this out by: 0) put ignore-cache-for-signing in ~/.gnupg/gpg-agent.conf 1) run "gpgconf --kill gpg-agent" to ensure the config is re-read 2) send yourself a signed message with message-id $mid. 3) Pull it back in however you receive mail, and then: diff -u $(notmuch search --output=files "id:$mid") If the messages were more than 1 second apart, you'll see the signature part differs. The result for an encrypted message is: * the message sent to "notmuch insert" is encrypted with one session key * the message sent to sendmail is encrypted with a different session key So the entire body of the message will be different. I'm currently working around this by setting notmuch-fcc-dirs to nil, and setting message-send-mail-hook to (dkg-notmuch-fcc), which is defined as: (defun dkg-notmuch-fcc () (shell-command-on-region (point-min) (point-max) "notmuch insert")) this takes advantage of message-send-mail-hook's late-send. as the documentation for that var says: This hook is run very late -- just before the message is sent as mail. But this isn't something normal users should need to do manually. Any emacs gurus want to propose a way to improve the situation? i'm at a bit of a loss. --dkg