Hi David, Fist of all thank you for such elaborate answer. I have missed the paragraph about maildir.synchronize_flags somehow. I have it enabled. So this must be source of a problem (?). Here follows steps I followed: 1. I initialized server locally with muchsync -vv. My mail is stored in ~/Mail on the server. 2. I run muchsync --init ~/mail SERVER. (Directory names do not need to be the same, do they?) 3. I run muchsync SERVER. 4. When it lasted much longer then initialization I canceled it by single SIGINT (^c). 5. I rerun muchsync SERVER and then it notified me that notmuch identified files names changes - more than 1000. 6. I waited a bit and then I canceled it by SIGINT. 7. I run muchsync --noup SERVER. This took only seconds to finish. I suspected that muchsync at step 3 and 5 tried to push files renames back to server. But now I am not sure what was going on. Have I desynchronized file mail flags? It's hard to say if anything has broken for me, but I am a bit worried anyway. If I just disable maildir.synchronize_flags and rerun muchsync, will everything get synchronized properly? -- Amadeusz Żołnowski