.. _notmuch-sexp-queries(7):

====================
notmuch-sexp-queries
====================

SYNOPSIS
========

**notmuch** **search** ``--query=sexp`` '(and (to santa) (date december))'

DESCRIPTION
===========


S-EXPRESSIONS
-------------

An *s-expression* is either an atom, or list of whitespace delimited
s-expressions inside parentheses. Atoms are either

*basic value*
    A basic value is an unquoted string containing no whitespace, double quotes, or
    parentheses.

*quoted string*
    Double quotes (") delimit strings possibly containing whitespace
    or parentheses. These can contain double quote characters by
    escaping with backslash. E.g. ``"this is a quote \""``.

S-EXPRESSION QUERIES
--------------------

An s-expression query is either an atom, the empty list, or a
*compound query* consisting of a prefix atom (first element) defining
a *field*, *logical operation*, or *modifier*, and 0 or more
subqueries.

``*`` ``()``
    Match all messages.

*term*
    Match all messages containing *term*, possibly after
    stemming or phase splitting. For discussion of stemming in
    notmuch see :any:`notmuch-search-terms(7)`. Stemming only applies
    to unquoted terms (basic values) in s-expression queries.

``(`` *field* |q1| |q2| ... |qn| ``)``
    Restrict the queries |q1| to |qn| to *field*, and combine with *and*
    (for most fields) or *or*. See :any:`fields` for more information.

``(`` *operator* |q1| |q2| ... |qn| ``)``
    Combine queries |q1| to |qn|. Currently supported operators are
    ``and``, ``or``, and ``not``. ``(not`` |q1| ... |qn| ``)`` is equivalent
    to ``(and (not`` |q1| ``) ... (not`` |qn| ``))``.

``(`` *modifier* |q1| |q2| ... |qn| ``)``
    Combine queries |q1| to |qn|, and reinterpret the result (e.g. as a regular expression).
    See :any:`modifiers` for more information.

.. _fields:

FIELDS
``````

*Fields* (also called *prefixes* in notmuch documentation)
correspond to attributes of mail messages. Some are inherent (and
immutable) like ``subject``, while others ``tag`` and ``property`` are
settable by the user.  Each concrete field in
:any:`the table below <field-table>`
is discussed further under "Search prefixes" in
:any:`notmuch-search-terms(7)`. The row *user* refers to user defined
fields, described in :any:`notmuch-config(1)`.

.. _field-table:

.. table:: Fields with supported modifiers

  +------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------+
  |   field    |  combine  |   type    |  expand   | wildcard  |  regex   |
  +============+===========+===========+===========+===========+==========+
  |   *none*   |    and    |           |    no     |    yes    |    no    |
  +------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------+
  |   *user*   |    and    |  phrase   |    no     |    yes    |    no    |
  +------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------+
  | attachment |    and    |  phrase   |    yes    |    yes    |    no    |
  +------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------+
  |    body    |    and    |  phrase   |    no     |    no     |    no    |
  +------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------+
  |    date    |           |   range   |    no     |    no     |    no    |
  +------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------+
  |   folder   |    or     |  phrase   |    yes    |    yes    |   yes    |
  +------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------+
  |    from    |    and    |  phrase   |    yes    |    yes    |   yes    |
  +------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------+
  |     id     |    or     |   term    |    no     |    yes    |   yes    |
  +------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------+
  |     is     |    and    |   term    |    yes    |    yes    |   yes    |
  +------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------+
  |  lastmod   |           |   range   |    no     |    no     |    no    |
  +------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------+
  |    mid     |    or     |   term    |    no     |    yes    |   yes    |
  +------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------+
  |  mimetype  |    or     |  phrase   |    yes    |    yes    |    no    |
  +------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------+
  |    path    |    or     |   term    |    yes    |    yes    |   yes    |
  +------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------+
  |  property  |    and    |   term    |    yes    |    yes    |   yes    |
  +------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------+
  |  subject   |    and    |  phrase   |    yes    |    yes    |   yes    |
  +------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------+
  |    tag     |    and    |   term    |    yes    |    yes    |   yes    |
  +------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------+
  |   thread   |    or     |   term    |    yes    |    yes    |   yes    |
  +------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------+
  |     to     |    and    |  phrase   |    yes    |    yes    |    no    |
  +------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------+

.. _modifiers:

MODIFIERS
`````````

EXAMPLES
========

``Wizard``
    Match all messages containing the word "wizard", ignoring case.

``added``
    Match all messages containing "added", but also those containing "add", "additional",
    "Additional", "adds", etc... via stemming.

``(and Bob Marley)``
    Match messages containing words "Bob" and "Marley", or their stems
    The words need not be adjacent.

``(not Bob Marley)``
    Match messages containing neither "Bob" nor "Marley", nor their stems,

``(subject quick "brown fox")``
    Match messages whose subject contains "quick" (anywhere, stemmed) and
    the phrase "brown fox".

.. |q1| replace:: :math:`q_1`
.. |q2| replace:: :math:`q_2`
.. |qn| replace:: :math:`q_n`