On Wed, 11 May 2022 11:07:22 +0200 Maxime Devos wrote: > Ok, --target looks like a better fit in this case. Sorry for the previous mail, I saw this one after finishing sending the one with a report on tests with (list #:target "i686-linux"). > Though now I'm wondering if on i686-linux we might need a grub-efi64 > variant on some setups ... Good question. It would require to have a computer where the UEFI implementation is only able to launch 64bit PE files on computers with a CPU that also support 32bit OS. For ARM I'm not sure if we can boot 32bit kernels on 64bit CPUs: In theory many ARM computers hardware is capable of that. However in practice we'd need to make that kernel configurations works for that, and platform drivers that only work for aarch64 are probably required anyway. Maybe in case of emulation that doesn't apply though. For x86 I didn't ear of 64bit-only UEFI with CPUs that still support 32bit OS, but it could exist. And according to the official GRUB documentation, it is possible to boot 32bit OS when the UEFI is 64bit and vice versa[1]: | | ia32 EFI | amd64 EFI | | BIOS chainloading | no (1) | no (1) | | [...] | [...] | [...] | | FreeDOS | no (1) | no (1) | | Multiboot | yes | yes | | Multiboot2 | yes | yes | | 32-bit Linux (legacy protocol) | no (1) | no (1) | | 64-bit Linux (legacy protocol) | no (1) | no (1) | | 32-bit Linux (modern protocol) | yes | yes | | 64-bit Linux (modern protocol) | yes | yes | | [...] | [...] | [...] | | 32-bit EFI chainloader | yes | no (3) | | 64-bit EFI chainloader | no (3) | yes | | [...] | [...] | [...] | 1. Requires BIOS So there might be a use case here if such machines exist. I'll try to look for infos on that. References: [1]https://www.gnu.org/software/grub/manual/grub/grub.html#Supported-boot-targets Denis.