Most of them are not activated by default.

2015-02-20 9:31 GMT+01:00 Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>:
> From: Thibaut Verron <thibaut.verron@gmail.com>
> Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2015 09:19:22 +0100
>
> I was wondering why is `sh-electric-here-document-mode` activated by default
> for new documents in `sh-mode`? In my opinion, it is confusing to beginners,
> and working around it is difficult.
>
> I was under the impression that in most cases, this kind of commands, inserting
> text beyond what the user types, without requiring anything besides text input,
> are disabled by default. AUCTeX's electric backslash, for example, require a
> specific option to be set, even though in most cases it can be transparent
> input-wise (just visually confusing). Another example is dabbrev, which needs
> to be activated by the user.
>
> And why is it so hard to disable it once you find out where the annoying
> behavior comes from? (Just see how many articles deal with this specific issue;
> and having changed the name of the mode in 24.3 doesn't help)

What you say is generally applicable to any electric behavior in any
Emacs mode, not just to sh-electric-here-document-mode, right?  Or is
that mode somehow special (and if so, how)?