bug#61290: 28.2; Ligatures messing up fontify subscripts in AUCTeX

[Jeremy Van Cleve <jeremy.vancleve@gmail.com>]

Hello,

After loading emacs 28.2 with `emacs -Q` and installing AUCTeX, I enable
ligatures (using FiraCode) and get the following fontify issues in a latex-mode:

https://preview.redd.it/se7joc3h81ga1.png?width=1268&format=png&auto=webp&v=enabled&s=1322e80f7d7b0799858041dd1c9b4f44ea51fbb2

Specifically, fontify is changing the font size correctly in the
subscripts, but the baseline is not correct in a number of places
include for + and * and when for x_{-}.

Without the ligatures enabled, fontify renders the subscripts correctly:

https://preview.redd.it/8g67r6lp81ga1.png?width=1358&format=png&auto=webp&v=enabled&s=3132a756de6a8266f8300e600b6d0dae94656ee9

Here is the code I used to enable ligatures:

```
(let ((alist `((?! . ,(regexp-opt '("!!" "!=" "!==")))
               (?# . ,(regexp-opt '("##" "###" "####" "#(" "#?" "#[" "#_" "#_(" "#{")))
               (?$ . ,(regexp-opt '("$>")))
               (?% . ,(regexp-opt '("%%")))
               (?& . ,(regexp-opt '("&&")))
               (?* . ,(regexp-opt '("*" "**" "***" "**/" "*/" "*>")))
               (?+ . ,(regexp-opt '("+" "++" "+++" "+>")))
               (?- . ,(regexp-opt '("--" "---" "-->" "-<" "-<<" "->" "->>" "-}" "-~")))
               (?. . ,(regexp-opt '(".-" ".." "..." "..<" ".=")))
               (?/ . ,(regexp-opt '("/*" "/**" "//" "///" "/=" "/==" "/>")))
               (?: . ,(regexp-opt '(":" "::" ":::" ":=")))
               (?\; . ,(regexp-opt '(";;")))
               (?< . ,(regexp-opt '("<!--" "<$" "<$>" "<*" "<*>" "<+" "<+>" "<-" "<--" "<->" "</" "</>" "<<" "<<-" "<<<" "<<=" "<=" "<=" "<=<" "<==" "<=>" "<>" "<|" "<|>" "<~" "<~~")))
               (?= . ,(regexp-opt '("=/=" "=:=" "=<<" "==" "===" "==>" "=>" "=>>")))
               (?> . ,(regexp-opt '(">-" ">=" ">=>" ">>" ">>-" ">>=" ">>>")))
               (?= . ,(regexp-opt '("?=")))
               (?? . ,(regexp-opt '("??")))
               (?\[ . ,(regexp-opt '("[]")))
               (?\\ . ,(regexp-opt '("\\\\" "\\\\\\")))
               (?^ . ,(regexp-opt '("^=")))
               (?w . ,(regexp-opt '("www")))
               (?x . ,(regexp-opt '("x")))
               (?{ . ,(regexp-opt '("{-")))
               (?| . ,(regexp-opt '("|=" "|>" "||" "||=")))
               (?~ . ,(regexp-opt '("~-" "~=" "~>" "~@" "~~" "~~>"))))))
  (dolist (char-regexp alist)
    (set-char-table-range composition-function-table (car char-regexp)
                          `([,(cdr char-regexp) 0
                          font-shape-gstring]))))
```
--
In GNU Emacs 28.2 (build 2, x86_64-apple-darwin21.6.0, NS appkit-2113.60 Version 12.5.1 (Build 21G83))
of 2022-09-12 built on montecarlo.local
Windowing system distributor 'Apple', version 10.3.2299
System Description:  macOS 13.2

Configured using:
'configure --disable-dependency-tracking --disable-silent-rules
--enable-locallisppath=/usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp
--infodir=/usr/local/Cellar/emacs-plus@28/28.2/share/info/emacs
--prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/emacs-plus@28/28.2 --with-xml2 --with-gnutls
--with-native-compilation --without-dbus --with-imagemagick
--with-modules --with-rsvg --with-ns --disable-ns-self-contained
'CFLAGS=-Os -w -pipe -march=nehalem -mmacosx-version-min=12
-isysroot/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX12.sdk'
'CPPFLAGS=-I/usr/local/opt/zlib/include -I/usr/local/opt/jpeg/include
-I/usr/local/opt/icu4c/include -I/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/include
-I/usr/local/opt/readline/include -F/usr/local/Frameworks
-isysroot/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX12.sdk'
'LDFLAGS=-L/usr/local/opt/zlib/lib -L/usr/local/opt/jpeg/lib
-L/usr/local/opt/icu4c/lib -L/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/lib
-L/usr/local/opt/readline/lib -L/usr/local/lib -F/usr/local/Frameworks
-Wl,-headerpad_max_install_names
-isysroot/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX12.sdk''

Configured features:
ACL GIF GLIB GMP GNUTLS IMAGEMAGICK JPEG JSON LCMS2 LIBXML2 MODULES
NATIVE_COMP NOTIFY KQUEUE NS PDUMPER PNG RSVG THREADS TIFF
TOOLKIT_SCROLL_BARS XIM ZLIB

Important settings:
  value of $LANG: en_US.UTF-8
  locale-coding-system: utf-8-unix

Major mode: LaTeX/P

Minor modes in effect:
  TeX-PDF-mode: t
  shell-dirtrack-mode: t
  tooltip-mode: t
  global-eldoc-mode: t
  show-paren-mode: t
  electric-indent-mode: t
  mouse-wheel-mode: t
  tool-bar-mode: t
  menu-bar-mode: t
  file-name-shadow-mode: t
  global-font-lock-mode: t
  font-lock-mode: t
  blink-cursor-mode: t
  auto-composition-mode: t
  auto-encryption-mode: t
  auto-compression-mode: t
  line-number-mode: t
  transient-mark-mode: t

Load-path shadows:
None found.

Features:
(shadow sort mail-extr emacsbug message rmc puny dired dired-loaddefs
rfc822 mml mml-sec epa derived epg rfc6068 epg-config gnus-util rmail
rmail-loaddefs mm-decode mm-bodies mm-encode mail-parse rfc2231
mailabbrev gmm-utils mailheader sendmail comp comp-cstr rx cl-extra
help-mode rfc2047 rfc2045 ietf-drums mm-util mail-prsvr mail-utils
time-date preview tex-bar toolbar-x noutline outline font-latex latex
easy-mmode edmacro kmacro latex-flymake flymake-proc flymake project
warnings thingatpt tex-ispell tex-style tex crm texmathp tex-mode
compile text-property-search shell pcomplete comint ansi-color ring
latexenc info tex-site package browse-url url url-proxy url-privacy
url-expand url-methods url-history url-cookie url-domsuf url-util
mailcap url-handlers url-parse auth-source cl-seq eieio eieio-core
cl-macs eieio-loaddefs password-cache json subr-x map url-vars seq
byte-opt gv bytecomp byte-compile cconv cl-loaddefs cl-lib iso-transl
tooltip eldoc paren electric uniquify ediff-hook vc-hooks
lisp-float-type elisp-mode mwheel term/ns-win ns-win ucs-normalize
mule-util term/common-win tool-bar dnd fontset image regexp-opt fringe
tabulated-list replace newcomment text-mode lisp-mode prog-mode register
page tab-bar menu-bar rfn-eshadow isearch easymenu timer select
scroll-bar mouse jit-lock font-lock syntax font-core term/tty-colors
frame minibuffer cl-generic cham georgian utf-8-lang misc-lang
vietnamese tibetan thai tai-viet lao korean japanese eucjp-ms cp51932
hebrew greek romanian slovak czech european ethiopic indian cyrillic
chinese composite emoji-zwj charscript charprop case-table epa-hook
jka-cmpr-hook help simple abbrev obarray cl-preloaded nadvice button
loaddefs faces cus-face macroexp files window text-properties overlay
sha1 md5 base64 format env code-pages mule custom widget
hashtable-print-readable backquote threads kqueue cocoa ns lcms2
multi-tty make-network-process native-compile emacs)

Memory information:
((conses 16 178015 9474)
(symbols 48 14050 1)
(strings 32 46995 3318)
(string-bytes 1 1475683)
(vectors 16 27230)
(vector-slots 8 486261 16445)
(floats 8 90 129)
(intervals 56 418 0)
(buffers 992 13))