bug#42994: 27.1; json-serialize unable to serialize JSON values

bug#42994: 27.1; json-serialize unable to serialize JSON values

[Jimmy Yuen Ho Wong]

According to the [JSON spec](https://www.json.org/json-en.html),
everything is a value and every value is a valid JSON, which means
literal string, numbers, and true, false and null are also valid JSON
values, but `json-serialize` is unable to serialize literals. This is
wrong and behaviorialy different from the elisp-based `json-encode`.


In GNU Emacs 27.1 (build 1, x86_64-apple-darwin19.6.0, NS appkit-1894.60 Version 10.15.6 (Build 19G2021))
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bug#42994: 27.1; json-serialize unable to serialize JSON values

[Eli Zaretskii]

> From: Jimmy Yuen Ho Wong <wyuenho@gmail.com>
> Date: Sun, 23 Aug 2020 13:24:58 +0100
> 
> 
> According to the [JSON spec](https://www.json.org/json-en.html),
> everything is a value and every value is a valid JSON, which means
> literal string, numbers, and true, false and null are also valid JSON
> values, but `json-serialize` is unable to serialize literals. This is
> wrong and behaviorialy different from the elisp-based `json-encode`.

Thank you for your report.  To allow us to process this issue quickly
and efficiently, please provide a couple of examples where
json-serialize is unable to serialize literals.

bug#42994: 27.1; json-serialize unable to serialize JSON values

[Jimmy Yuen Ho Wong]

(json-serialize t) ;; *** Eval error ***  Wrong type argument: json-value-p, t
(json-serialize "foo") ;; *** Eval error ***  Wrong type argument:
json-value-p, "foo"
(json-serialize 1) ;; *** Eval error ***  Wrong type argument: json-value-p, 1

These are all valid JSONs.

On Sun, Aug 23, 2020 at 1:53 PM Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org> wrote:
>
> > From: Jimmy Yuen Ho Wong <wyuenho@gmail.com>
> > Date: Sun, 23 Aug 2020 13:24:58 +0100
> >
> >
> > According to the [JSON spec](https://www.json.org/json-en.html),
> > everything is a value and every value is a valid JSON, which means
> > literal string, numbers, and true, false and null are also valid JSON
> > values, but `json-serialize` is unable to serialize literals. This is
> > wrong and behaviorialy different from the elisp-based `json-encode`.
>
> Thank you for your report.  To allow us to process this issue quickly
> and efficiently, please provide a couple of examples where
> json-serialize is unable to serialize literals.

bug#42994: 27.1; json-serialize unable to serialize JSON values

[Jimmy Yuen Ho Wong]

The answer seems to be setting JSON_ENCODE_ANY and JSON_DECODE_ANY

https://jansson.readthedocs.io/en/latest/apiref.html#encoding
https://jansson.readthedocs.io/en/latest/apiref.html#decoding

On Sun, Aug 23, 2020 at 1:56 PM Jimmy Yuen Ho Wong <wyuenho@gmail.com> wrote:
>
> (json-serialize t) ;; *** Eval error ***  Wrong type argument: json-value-p, t
> (json-serialize "foo") ;; *** Eval error ***  Wrong type argument:
> json-value-p, "foo"
> (json-serialize 1) ;; *** Eval error ***  Wrong type argument: json-value-p, 1
>
> These are all valid JSONs.
>
> On Sun, Aug 23, 2020 at 1:53 PM Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org> wrote:
> >
> > > From: Jimmy Yuen Ho Wong <wyuenho@gmail.com>
> > > Date: Sun, 23 Aug 2020 13:24:58 +0100
> > >
> > >
> > > According to the [JSON spec](https://www.json.org/json-en.html),
> > > everything is a value and every value is a valid JSON, which means
> > > literal string, numbers, and true, false and null are also valid JSON
> > > values, but `json-serialize` is unable to serialize literals. This is
> > > wrong and behaviorialy different from the elisp-based `json-encode`.
> >
> > Thank you for your report.  To allow us to process this issue quickly
> > and efficiently, please provide a couple of examples where
> > json-serialize is unable to serialize literals.

bug#42994: 27.1; json-serialize unable to serialize JSON values

[Drew Adams]

> According to the [JSON spec]
> (https://www.json.org/json-en.html),
> everything is a value and every value is a valid JSON, which means
> literal string, numbers, and true, false and null are also valid JSON
> values, but `json-serialize` is unable to serialize literals. This is
> wrong and behaviorialy different from the elisp-based `json-encode`.

All JSON scalars are JSON values.

Whether a JSON scalar is sufficient for a document
(a JSON text) to be considered a JSON document
(aka text) depends on whether RFC 8259 is supported.

https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8259

When someone speaks of "a JSON", if they mean a
JSON text (aka document), then whether that RFC is
supported determines the status of a scalar value.

Prior to that RFC, and for applications/systems that
don't support it, only JSON objects and arrays need
be considered JSON texts.

Put differently, if only RFC 7159 or RFC 4627 is
supported, and not also RFC 8259, then a document
with just a scalar (which is a JSON _value_) isn't
necessarily considered a JSON document.

From RFC 8259:

   A JSON text is a serialized value.  Note that
   certain previous specifications of JSON
   constrained a JSON text to be an object or an
   array.  Implementations that generate only
   objects or arrays where a JSON text is called
   for will be interoperable in the sense that all
   implementations will accept these as conforming
   JSON texts.

bug#42994: 27.1; json-serialize unable to serialize JSON values

[Jimmy Yuen Ho Wong]

> All JSON scalars are JSON values.
>
> Whether a JSON scalar is sufficient for a document
> (a JSON text) to be considered a JSON document
> (aka text) depends on whether RFC 8259 is supported.
>
> https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8259
>
> When someone speaks of "a JSON", if they mean a
> JSON text (aka document), then whether that RFC is
> supported determines the status of a scalar value.
>
> Prior to that RFC, and for applications/systems that
> don't support it, only JSON objects and arrays need
> be considered JSON texts.
>
> Put differently, if only RFC 7159 or RFC 4627 is
> supported, and not also RFC 8259, then a document
> with just a scalar (which is a JSON _value_) isn't
> necessarily considered a JSON document.
>
>  From RFC 8259:
>
>     A JSON text is a serialized value.  Note that
>     certain previous specifications of JSON
>     constrained a JSON text to be an object or an
>     array.  Implementations that generate only
>     objects or arrays where a JSON text is called
>     for will be interoperable in the sense that all
>     implementations will accept these as conforming
>     JSON texts.

RFC 7159, a 6 years old RFC has that exact same language in your quote. 
That quote means any RFC 4627 JSON text is forward compatible with any 
JSON parsers conforming to RFC 7159 or RFC 8259 and nothing else.

I'm not sure why you are bringing this up. Even RFC 8259 is 3 years old 
and prior to that people had been sending booleans strings and numbers 
as JSON text for many years.

bug#42994: 27.1; json-serialize unable to serialize JSON values

[Drew Adams]

> I'm not sure why you are bringing this up. Even RFC 8259 is 3 years old
> and prior to that people had been sending booleans strings and numbers
> as JSON text for many years.

I'm actually agreeing with you.

I brought it up to point out that at one time
JSON scalar values were typically not considered
to be JSON texts.  This explains why some systems,
frameworks, applications, etc. might not support
scalar serialization.

That's all.  I do believe that Emacs should
support RFC 8259 (it should always support the
latest JSON specs).  And it should support it
by default.

For interoperability with other systems etc. that
do not support scalar texts, it can be useful to
have a mode that, likewise, doesn't support/allow
scalars as JSON texts - e.g., a "disable scalars"
mode, which rejects a document that isn't an
object or an array.

But by default Emacs should support scalar texts.

bug#42994: 27.1; json-serialize unable to serialize JSON values

[Jimmy Yuen Ho Wong]

> For interoperability with other systems etc. that
> do not support scalar texts, it can be useful to
> have a mode that, likewise, doesn't support/allow
> scalars as JSON texts - e.g., a "disable scalars"
> mode, which rejects a document that isn't an
> object or an array.
>
> But by default Emacs should support scalar texts.

There's no need for any RFC modes. Decoding in Emacs with RFC 4627 is
pointless as there are already :null-object and :false-object to
enable translation of JSON values in elisp. Providing any kind of mode
for encoding is also pointless, as the author sending the JSON should
know what the other end expects. If the other side doesn't accept
scalars, it'll reject there, and the client author can adjust
accordingly.

bug#42994: 27.1; json-serialize unable to serialize JSON values

[Philipp]

I’ve now fixed this with commit 625de7e403.

bug#42994: 27.1; json-serialize unable to serialize JSON values

[Basil L. Contovounesios]

Philipp <p.stephani2@gmail.com> writes:

> I’ve now fixed this with commit 625de7e403.

Thanks!  Does this need calling out in etc/NEWS, or is it considered
more of a bugfix?

-- 
Basil

bug#42994: 27.1; json-serialize unable to serialize JSON values

[Philipp]

> Am 13.02.2021 um 19:23 schrieb Basil L. Contovounesios <contovob@tcd.ie>:
> 
> Philipp <p.stephani2@gmail.com> writes:
> 
>> I’ve now fixed this with commit 625de7e403.
> 
> Thanks!  Does this need calling out in etc/NEWS, or is it considered
> more of a bugfix?

Good point, I’ve now documented it in NEWS.  It’s definitely not a bugfix, since the previous behavior was intentional.

bug#42994: [External] : bug#42994: 27.1; json-serialize unable to serialize JSON values

[Drew Adams]

> Thanks!  Does this need calling out in etc/NEWS, or is it considered
> more of a bugfix?

(Again, not really following this thread.)

If Emacs support of JSON parsing or serializing
changes from considering only objects and arrays
to be "jsons" to considering also JSON scalars
to be "jsons", then that's not a bug fix; it's
a change in support of the JSON language.  IMO,
that should be called out somewhere such as NEWS.

bug#42994: [External] : bug#42994: 27.1; json-serialize unable to serialize JSON values

[Jimmy Yuen Ho Wong]

If the original intention for `json-serialize` was to offer a 
functionally equivalent native version of `json-encode`, then this is a 
bug. There was no discussion about this mismatch whatsover, so my guess 
is this was an omission and thus a bug.

On 13/02/2021 11:30 PM, Drew Adams wrote:
>> Thanks!  Does this need calling out in etc/NEWS, or is it considered
>> more of a bugfix?
> (Again, not really following this thread.)
>
> If Emacs support of JSON parsing or serializing
> changes from considering only objects and arrays
> to be "jsons" to considering also JSON scalars
> to be "jsons", then that's not a bug fix; it's
> a change in support of the JSON language.  IMO,
> that should be called out somewhere such as NEWS.

bug#42994: [External] : bug#42994: 27.1; json-serialize unable to serialize JSON values

[Philipp Stephani]

Am So., 14. Feb. 2021 um 01:40 Uhr schrieb Jimmy Yuen Ho Wong
<wyuenho@gmail.com>:
>
> If the original intention for `json-serialize` was to offer a
> functionally equivalent native version of `json-encode`, then this is a
> bug. There was no discussion about this mismatch whatsover, so my guess
> is this was an omission and thus a bug.

Yes, replicating json-encode was not the intention.

>
> On 13/02/2021 11:30 PM, Drew Adams wrote:
> >> Thanks!  Does this need calling out in etc/NEWS, or is it considered
> >> more of a bugfix?
> > (Again, not really following this thread.)
> >
> > If Emacs support of JSON parsing or serializing
> > changes from considering only objects and arrays
> > to be "jsons" to considering also JSON scalars
> > to be "jsons", then that's not a bug fix; it's
> > a change in support of the JSON language.  IMO,
> > that should be called out somewhere such as NEWS.