bug#31220: 25.3; emacs --script breaks command-line arguments handling

bug#31220: 25.3; emacs --script breaks command-line arguments handling

[Thibault Polge]

When running an Emacs Lisp script with either the `#!emacs --script`
shebang or by invoking `emacs --script script.el`, Emacs:

1. immediately processes command-line arguments it knows, even if they
   were passed *after* --script.  It means, for example, that no script
   can provide a meaningful --help script, because Emacs always
   intercepts help.

   It seems to me that correct behavior would be to process command-line
   arguments until script, after which everything should be passed to
   the script.

 2. `command-switch-alist` cannot be used in conjunction with
   `--script`, because it runs after the initial lisp code (the script)
   has returned (that is, when the script is done!).  Yet, Emacs
   displays an error if the script's command-line arguments aren't added to
   `command-switch-alist` (or maybe removed from `command-line-args`)
   before the script returns.

   I would expect processing of remaining command-line arguments to be
   completely deactivated in --script mode.

Thanks!

In GNU Emacs 25.3.1 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, GTK+ Version 3.22.28)
 of 2018-04-06 built on maladict
Windowing system distributor 'The X.Org Foundation', version 11.0.11906000
Configured using:
 'configure --disable-dependency-tracking
 --prefix=/nix/store/7qbgwb4gvfbr3qc9ym5fi26dhvgifhyi-emacs-25.3
 --with-modules --with-x-toolkit=gtk3 --with-xft'

Configured features:
XPM JPEG TIFF GIF PNG RSVG SOUND DBUS GSETTINGS NOTIFY LIBSELINUX GNUTLS
LIBXML2 FREETYPE XFT ZLIB TOOLKIT_SCROLL_BARS GTK3 X11 MODULES

Important settings:
  value of $LANG: fr_FR.UTF-8
  locale-coding-system: utf-8-unix

Major mode: mu4e-headers

Minor modes in effect:
  winner-mode: t
  which-function-mode: t
  erc-list-mode: t
  erc-menu-mode: t
  erc-autojoin-mode: t
  erc-ring-mode: t
  erc-networks-mode: t
  erc-pcomplete-mode: t
  erc-track-mode: t
  erc-track-minor-mode: t
  erc-match-mode: t
  erc-netsplit-mode: t
  erc-hl-nicks-mode: t
  erc-button-mode: t
  erc-fill-mode: t
  erc-stamp-mode: t
  erc-irccontrols-mode: t
  erc-noncommands-mode: t
  erc-move-to-prompt-mode: t
  erc-readonly-mode: t
  flycheck-pos-tip-mode: t
  pdf-occur-global-minor-mode: t
  hl-line-mode: t
  editorconfig-mode: t
  yas-global-mode: t
  yas-minor-mode: t
  global-undo-tree-mode: t
  undo-tree-mode: t
  show-smartparens-global-mode: t
  smartparens-global-mode: t
  recentf-mode: t
  beginend-global-mode: t
  selected-global-mode: t
  selected-minor-mode: t
  which-key-mode: t
  popwin-mode: t
  eyebrowse-mode: t
  counsel-projectile-mode: t
  ivy-mode: t
  projectile-mode: t
  auto-compile-on-load-mode: t
  diff-auto-refine-mode: t
  magit-auto-revert-mode: t
  global-git-commit-mode: t
  async-bytecomp-package-mode: t
  shell-dirtrack-mode: t
  tooltip-mode: t
  global-eldoc-mode: t
  electric-indent-mode: t
  mouse-wheel-mode: t
  file-name-shadow-mode: t
  global-font-lock-mode: t
  font-lock-mode: t
  auto-composition-mode: t
  auto-encryption-mode: t
  auto-compression-mode: t
  buffer-read-only: t
  line-number-mode: t
  transient-mark-mode: t

Recent messages:
[mu4e] Update process is already running [2 times]
Mark set
[mu4e] Update process is already running [303 times]
Connecting to irc.freenode.net:7000...
Error running timer ‘erc-server-delayed-reconnect’: (error "irc.freenode.net/7000 System error")
[mu4e] Update process is already running [260 times]
[mu4e] Found 54 matching messages
[mu4e] Update process is already running [6 times]
[mu4e] Found 54 matching messages [2 times]
[mu4e] Update process is already running [684 times]

Load-path shadows:
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/home/thblt/.emacs.d/lib/org/lisp/org-habit hides /nix/store/7qbgwb4gvfbr3qc9ym5fi26dhvgifhyi-emacs-25.3/share/emacs/25.3/lisp/org/org-habit
/home/thblt/.emacs.d/lib/org/lisp/ob-haskell hides /nix/store/7qbgwb4gvfbr3qc9ym5fi26dhvgifhyi-emacs-25.3/share/emacs/25.3/lisp/org/ob-haskell
/home/thblt/.emacs.d/lib/org/lisp/org-attach hides /nix/store/7qbgwb4gvfbr3qc9ym5fi26dhvgifhyi-emacs-25.3/share/emacs/25.3/lisp/org/org-attach
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/home/thblt/.emacs.d/lib/org/lisp/org-gnus hides /nix/store/7qbgwb4gvfbr3qc9ym5fi26dhvgifhyi-emacs-25.3/share/emacs/25.3/lisp/org/org-gnus
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/home/thblt/.emacs.d/lib/org/lisp/ob-python hides /nix/store/7qbgwb4gvfbr3qc9ym5fi26dhvgifhyi-emacs-25.3/share/emacs/25.3/lisp/org/ob-python
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/home/thblt/.emacs.d/lib/org/lisp/org-rmail hides /nix/store/7qbgwb4gvfbr3qc9ym5fi26dhvgifhyi-emacs-25.3/share/emacs/25.3/lisp/org/org-rmail
/home/thblt/.emacs.d/lib/org/lisp/org-docview hides /nix/store/7qbgwb4gvfbr3qc9ym5fi26dhvgifhyi-emacs-25.3/share/emacs/25.3/lisp/org/org-docview
/home/thblt/.emacs.d/lib/org/lisp/ob-java hides /nix/store/7qbgwb4gvfbr3qc9ym5fi26dhvgifhyi-emacs-25.3/share/emacs/25.3/lisp/org/ob-java
/home/thblt/.emacs.d/lib/org/lisp/org-faces hides /nix/store/7qbgwb4gvfbr3qc9ym5fi26dhvgifhyi-emacs-25.3/share/emacs/25.3/lisp/org/org-faces
/home/thblt/.emacs.d/lib/org/lisp/ob-sqlite hides /nix/store/7qbgwb4gvfbr3qc9ym5fi26dhvgifhyi-emacs-25.3/share/emacs/25.3/lisp/org/ob-sqlite
/home/thblt/.emacs.d/lib/org/lisp/org-agenda hides /nix/store/7qbgwb4gvfbr3qc9ym5fi26dhvgifhyi-emacs-25.3/share/emacs/25.3/lisp/org/org-agenda
/home/thblt/.emacs.d/lib/org/lisp/org-w3m hides /nix/store/7qbgwb4gvfbr3qc9ym5fi26dhvgifhyi-emacs-25.3/share/emacs/25.3/lisp/org/org-w3m
/home/thblt/.emacs.d/lib/org/lisp/ob-exp hides /nix/store/7qbgwb4gvfbr3qc9ym5fi26dhvgifhyi-emacs-25.3/share/emacs/25.3/lisp/org/ob-exp
/home/thblt/.emacs.d/lib/org/lisp/ox-org hides /nix/store/7qbgwb4gvfbr3qc9ym5fi26dhvgifhyi-emacs-25.3/share/emacs/25.3/lisp/org/ox-org
/home/thblt/.emacs.d/lib/org/lisp/org-ctags hides /nix/store/7qbgwb4gvfbr3qc9ym5fi26dhvgifhyi-emacs-25.3/share/emacs/25.3/lisp/org/org-ctags
/home/thblt/.emacs.d/lib/org/lisp/ox-odt hides /nix/store/7qbgwb4gvfbr3qc9ym5fi26dhvgifhyi-emacs-25.3/share/emacs/25.3/lisp/org/ox-odt
/home/thblt/.emacs.d/lib/org/lisp/ob-scheme hides /nix/store/7qbgwb4gvfbr3qc9ym5fi26dhvgifhyi-emacs-25.3/share/emacs/25.3/lisp/org/ob-scheme
/home/thblt/.emacs.d/lib/org/lisp/org-install hides /nix/store/7qbgwb4gvfbr3qc9ym5fi26dhvgifhyi-emacs-25.3/share/emacs/25.3/lisp/org/org-install
/home/thblt/.emacs.d/lib/org/lisp/org-mobile hides /nix/store/7qbgwb4gvfbr3qc9ym5fi26dhvgifhyi-emacs-25.3/share/emacs/25.3/lisp/org/org-mobile
/home/thblt/.emacs.d/lib/org/lisp/ob-shen hides /nix/store/7qbgwb4gvfbr3qc9ym5fi26dhvgifhyi-emacs-25.3/share/emacs/25.3/lisp/org/ob-shen
/home/thblt/.emacs.d/lib/org/lisp/ob-ocaml hides /nix/store/7qbgwb4gvfbr3qc9ym5fi26dhvgifhyi-emacs-25.3/share/emacs/25.3/lisp/org/ob-ocaml
/home/thblt/.emacs.d/lib/org/lisp/ox-publish hides /nix/store/7qbgwb4gvfbr3qc9ym5fi26dhvgifhyi-emacs-25.3/share/emacs/25.3/lisp/org/ox-publish
/home/thblt/.emacs.d/lib/org/lisp/ob-R hides /nix/store/7qbgwb4gvfbr3qc9ym5fi26dhvgifhyi-emacs-25.3/share/emacs/25.3/lisp/org/ob-R
/home/thblt/.emacs.d/lib/org/lisp/org-src hides /nix/store/7qbgwb4gvfbr3qc9ym5fi26dhvgifhyi-emacs-25.3/share/emacs/25.3/lisp/org/org-src
/home/thblt/.emacs.d/lib/org/lisp/org-bibtex hides /nix/store/7qbgwb4gvfbr3qc9ym5fi26dhvgifhyi-emacs-25.3/share/emacs/25.3/lisp/org/org-bibtex
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Features:
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Memory information:
((conses 16 6581278 409818)
 (symbols 48 81561 0)
 (miscs 40 3223 7139)
 (strings 32 385821 94555)
 (string-bytes 1 13882109)
 (vectors 16 131455)
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 (buffers 976 88))

bug#31220: 25.3; emacs --script breaks command-line arguments handling

[Phil Sainty]

On 2018-04-20 08:00, Thibault Polge wrote:
> When running an Emacs Lisp script with either the `#!emacs --script`
> shebang or by invoking `emacs --script script.el`, Emacs:
> 
> 1. immediately processes command-line arguments it knows, even if they
>    were passed *after* --script.  It means, for example, that no script
>    can provide a meaningful --help script, because Emacs always
>    intercepts help.

Writing elisp scripts is fiddly, but it *is* possible to handle
arbitrary arguments cleanly.

As with many programs, you can use the argument '--' to tell Emacs not
to process further arguments as if they were options. e.g.:

$ emacs --script -- --help

Which will pass '--' and '--help' to the script.


Some boiler-plate for an elisp script is:

#!/bin/sh
":"; exec emacs -Q --script "$0" -- "$@" # -*-emacs-lisp-*-
(pop argv) # Remove the "--" argument
# ...
# Always exit explicitly. This returns the desired exit
# status, and also avoids the need to (setq argv nil).
(kill-emacs 0)


For more information see:

* https://stackoverflow.com/a/6259330/324105
* https://swsnr.de/posts/emacs-script-pitfalls

bug#31220: 25.3; emacs --script breaks command-line arguments handling

[Eli Zaretskii]

> Date: Fri, 20 Apr 2018 11:26:04 +1200
> From: Phil Sainty <psainty@orcon.net.nz>
> Cc: 31220@debbugs.gnu.org,
> 	bug-gnu-emacs <bug-gnu-emacs-bounces+psainty=orcon.net.nz@gnu.org>
> 
> As with many programs, you can use the argument '--' to tell Emacs not
> to process further arguments as if they were options. e.g.:
> 
> $ emacs --script -- --help
> 
> Which will pass '--' and '--help' to the script.
> 
> 
> Some boiler-plate for an elisp script is:
> 
> #!/bin/sh
> ":"; exec emacs -Q --script "$0" -- "$@" # -*-emacs-lisp-*-
> (pop argv) # Remove the "--" argument
> # ...
> # Always exit explicitly. This returns the desired exit
> # status, and also avoids the need to (setq argv nil).
> (kill-emacs 0)
> 
> 
> For more information see:
> 
> * https://stackoverflow.com/a/6259330/324105
> * https://swsnr.de/posts/emacs-script-pitfalls

See also bug#25670.

bug#31220: Acknowledgement (25.3; emacs --script breaks command-line arguments handling)

[Thibault Polge]

Thanks a lot, I didn't know this interpreter chaining trick.