From: Stephen Berman <stephen.berman@gmx.net>
To: Jean-Christophe Helary <brandelune@gmail.com>
Cc: help-gnu-emacs <help-gnu-emacs@gnu.org>
Subject: Re: using setq to create lists based on other lists...
Date: Sun, 02 Dec 2018 16:00:09 +0100 [thread overview]
Message-ID: <87r2f02cue.fsf@rub.de> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <6512D5B6-B3BE-4B02-81E0-B73F4BED9FCE@gmail.com> (Jean-Christophe Helary's message of "Sun, 2 Dec 2018 22:28:39 +0900")
On Sun, 2 Dec 2018 22:28:39 +0900 Jean-Christophe Helary <brandelune@gmail.com> wrote:
>> On Dec 2, 2018, at 22:08, Stephen Berman <stephen.berman@gmx.net> wrote:
[...]
>>
>> I don't think setq is behaving any different with lists than with other
>> Lisp objects. Lists are defined this way in Lisp, cf. (info "(elisp)
>> Cons Cell Type"):
>
> Yes, but a list does not generally evaluate to a pointer to the first cell of
> its cons. Which is the case when setq is used. Which is the reason why the
> Introduction insists on that aspect of setq, because before that, all the setq
> examples assigned "straight" values to variables.
>
> For ex. The first sentences of "Global Variables" in the Reference are like this:
>
>> You specify a value for a symbol with setq. For example, (setq x '(a b))
>> gives the variable x the value (a b).
>
> They don't say:
>
> (setq x '(a b)) stores the address of the first (cons) cell in the variable.
>
> Which it does, and which is confusing if you expect x to hold '(a b), like I
> was today.
>
> So I think it would be nice to add a few lines here and there to clarify that
> behavior.
I think your confusion may be due to not distinguishing the value
assigned by setq, which is a particular object, and the form of the
value, which may look the same but nevertheless be a different object.
Look again at your original example:
(setq list0 '(1 2))
(setq list1 list0)
I pointed out that the second setq sets the value of `list1' to the
value of `list0', so they refer to the same object:
(eq list1 list0)
=>
t
But if you now do this:
(setq list1 '(1 2))
you have set the value of `list1' to a new list, which happens to have
the same structure as the value of `list0' but is not the same object:
(eq list1 list0)
=>
nil
And now (setcar list0 3) turns the value of `list0' into (3 2) but the
value of `list1' is still (1 2).
You see the same behavior e.g. with strings (which are implemented in C
as arrays, i.e. a variable whose value is a string points to the address
of the first element of the array holding the characters of the string):
(setq str0 "bla")
(setq str1 str0)
(eq str1 str0)
=>
t
(setq str1 "bla")
(eq str1 str0)
=>
nil
So there is no special behavior of setq, but differences due to the
objects themselves.
Steve Berman
next prev parent reply other threads:[~2018-12-02 15:00 UTC|newest]
Thread overview: 34+ messages / expand[flat|nested] mbox.gz Atom feed top
[not found] <mailman.5010.1543748027.1284.help-gnu-emacs@gnu.org>
2018-12-02 11:21 ` using setq to create lists based on other lists Barry Margolin
2018-12-02 11:51 ` Stephen Berman
2018-12-02 12:22 ` Jean-Christophe Helary
2018-12-02 13:08 ` Stephen Berman
2018-12-02 13:28 ` Jean-Christophe Helary
2018-12-02 14:40 ` Michael Heerdegen
2018-12-02 15:34 ` Jean-Christophe Helary
2018-12-02 15:44 ` Michael Heerdegen
2018-12-02 15:57 ` Jean-Christophe Helary
2018-12-02 15:00 ` Stephen Berman [this message]
2018-12-02 15:30 ` Jean-Christophe Helary
[not found] ` <mailman.5026.1543764670.1284.help-gnu-emacs@gnu.org>
2018-12-04 9:00 ` Barry Margolin
2018-12-02 12:03 ` Jean-Christophe Helary
[not found] <mailman.5042.1543777897.1284.help-gnu-emacs@gnu.org>
2018-12-04 9:04 ` Barry Margolin
[not found] ` <(message>
[not found] ` <from>
[not found] ` <Barry>
[not found] ` <Margolin>
[not found] ` <on>
[not found] ` <Tue>
[not found] ` <04>
[not found] ` <Dec>
[not found] ` <2018>
[not found] ` <04:04:52>
2018-12-04 13:56 ` Stefan Monnier
2018-12-05 1:07 ` Robert Thorpe
2018-12-05 2:32 ` Drew Adams
2018-12-05 6:45 ` Jean-Christophe Helary
2018-12-05 8:00 ` Marcin Borkowski
2018-12-05 8:11 ` Jean-Christophe Helary
2018-12-05 14:57 ` Drew Adams
[not found] ` <mailman.5218.1544021892.1284.help-gnu-emacs@gnu.org>
2018-12-05 16:59 ` Barry Margolin
[not found] ` <mailman.5186.1543978155.1284.help-gnu-emacs@gnu.org>
2018-12-05 16:50 ` Barry Margolin
[not found] ` <mailman.5145.1543931778.1284.help-gnu-emacs@gnu.org>
2018-12-05 16:47 ` Barry Margolin
2018-12-02 10:53 Jean-Christophe Helary
2018-12-02 15:07 ` Stefan Monnier
2018-12-02 15:41 ` Jean-Christophe Helary
2018-12-02 16:05 ` Stefan Monnier
2018-12-02 16:23 ` Jean-Christophe Helary
2018-12-02 17:02 ` Stefan Monnier
2018-12-02 17:21 ` Jean-Christophe Helary
2018-12-02 19:11 ` Robert Thorpe
2018-12-02 23:44 ` Jean-Christophe Helary
[not found] ` <mailman.5028.1543765273.1284.help-gnu-emacs@gnu.org>
2018-12-03 13:43 ` Rusi
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