bug#42832: 28.0.50; "Bus error" when compiling Emacs now on Debian bullseye

[Paul Eggert <eggert@cs.ucla.edu>]

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Thanks for working on this and writing a fix for this obscure bug.

A couple of minor thoughts on the patch.

We can avoid copying bitmaps by swapping pointers to them.

There are now two opportunities for calloc to fail, and we leak memory if the 
second one fails. A simple fix is to call calloc once and split the result in half.

Proposed patch attached.

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From d8d976e1f5c0bed8539419b5263ae4a361501247 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Paul Eggert <eggert@cs.ucla.edu>
Date: Fri, 14 Aug 2020 14:33:21 -0700
Subject: [PATCH] Fix bus error on Debian bullseye
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Problem reported by Lars Mage Ingebrigtsen, and problem diagnosis
and most of this patch by Pip Cet (Bug#42832).
* src/pdumper.c (dump_bitsets_init): Rename from dump_bitset_init.
All callers changed.  Initialize two bitsets with a single malloc
call.
(struct pdumper_loaded_dump_private): New member last_mark_bits.
(pdumper_find_object_type_impl): Return PDUMPER_NO_OBJECT if
the last_mark_bits’ bit is set.
(pdumper_set_marked_impl): Assert that the last_mark_bits’
bit is set.
(pdumper_clear_marks_impl): Save mark_bits into
last_mark_bits before clearing mark_bits.
Co-authored-by: Pip Cet <pipcet@gmail.com>
---
 src/pdumper.c | 32 +++++++++++++++++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 23 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/pdumper.c b/src/pdumper.c
index bc41afc7c5..2d1b19283c 100644
--- a/src/pdumper.c
+++ b/src/pdumper.c
@@ -4802,14 +4802,19 @@ dump_mmap_contiguous (struct dump_memory_map *maps, int nr_maps)
 };
 
 static bool
-dump_bitset_init (struct dump_bitset *bitset, size_t number_bits)
+dump_bitsets_init (struct dump_bitset bitset[2], size_t number_bits)
 {
-  int xword_size = sizeof (bitset->bits[0]);
+  int xword_size = sizeof (bitset[0].bits[0]);
   int bits_per_word = xword_size * CHAR_BIT;
   ptrdiff_t words_needed = divide_round_up (number_bits, bits_per_word);
-  bitset->number_words = words_needed;
-  bitset->bits = calloc (words_needed, xword_size);
-  return bitset->bits != NULL;
+  dump_bitset_word *bits = calloc (words_needed, 2 * xword_size);
+  if (!bits)
+    return false;
+  bitset[0].bits = bits;
+  bitset[0].number_words = bitset[1].number_words = words_needed;
+  bitset[1].bits = memset (bits + words_needed, UCHAR_MAX,
+			   words_needed * xword_size);
+  return true;
 }
 
 static dump_bitset_word *
@@ -4870,7 +4875,7 @@ dump_bitset_clear (struct dump_bitset *bitset)
   /* Copy of the header we read from the dump.  */
   struct dump_header header;
   /* Mark bits for objects in the dump; used during GC.  */
-  struct dump_bitset mark_bits;
+  struct dump_bitset mark_bits, last_mark_bits;
   /* Time taken to load the dump.  */
   double load_time;
   /* Dump file name.  */
@@ -4993,6 +4998,10 @@ pdumper_find_object_type_impl (const void *obj)
   dump_off offset = ptrdiff_t_to_dump_off ((uintptr_t) obj - dump_public.start);
   if (offset % DUMP_ALIGNMENT != 0)
     return PDUMPER_NO_OBJECT;
+  ptrdiff_t bitno = offset / DUMP_ALIGNMENT;
+  if (offset < dump_private.header.cold_start
+      && !dump_bitset_bit_set_p (&dump_private.last_mark_bits, bitno))
+    return PDUMPER_NO_OBJECT;
   const struct dump_reloc *reloc =
     dump_find_relocation (&dump_private.header.object_starts, offset);
   return (reloc != NULL && dump_reloc_get_offset (*reloc) == offset)
@@ -5021,12 +5030,16 @@ pdumper_set_marked_impl (const void *obj)
   eassert (offset < dump_private.header.cold_start);
   eassert (offset < dump_private.header.discardable_start);
   ptrdiff_t bitno = offset / DUMP_ALIGNMENT;
+  eassert (dump_bitset_bit_set_p (&dump_private.last_mark_bits, bitno));
   dump_bitset_set_bit (&dump_private.mark_bits, bitno);
 }
 
 void
 pdumper_clear_marks_impl (void)
 {
+  dump_bitset_word *swap = dump_private.last_mark_bits.bits;
+  dump_private.last_mark_bits.bits = dump_private.mark_bits.bits;
+  dump_private.mark_bits.bits = swap;
   dump_bitset_clear (&dump_private.mark_bits);
 }
 
@@ -5243,7 +5256,7 @@ pdumper_load (const char *dump_filename)
   int dump_page_size;
   dump_off adj_discardable_start;
 
-  struct dump_bitset mark_bits;
+  struct dump_bitset mark_bits[2];
   size_t mark_bits_needed;
 
   struct dump_header header_buf = { 0 };
@@ -5357,7 +5370,7 @@ pdumper_load (const char *dump_filename)
   err = PDUMPER_LOAD_ERROR;
   mark_bits_needed =
     divide_round_up (header->discardable_start, DUMP_ALIGNMENT);
-  if (!dump_bitset_init (&mark_bits, mark_bits_needed))
+  if (!dump_bitsets_init (mark_bits, mark_bits_needed))
     goto out;
 
   /* Point of no return.  */
@@ -5365,7 +5378,8 @@ pdumper_load (const char *dump_filename)
   dump_base = (uintptr_t) sections[DS_HOT].mapping;
   gflags.dumped_with_pdumper_ = true;
   dump_private.header = *header;
-  dump_private.mark_bits = mark_bits;
+  dump_private.mark_bits = mark_bits[0];
+  dump_private.last_mark_bits = mark_bits[1];
   dump_public.start = dump_base;
   dump_public.end = dump_public.start + dump_size;
 
-- 
2.17.1