Handa-san, Strings like this: ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ are found in the GC memory in emacs, they are referred to by Vsjis_coding_system, Vbig5_coding_system, and maybe other variables. Is there any chance that such strings can be put in pure memory? Not sure where they are created, and what they do... Thanks --dan