Advice on writing predicates

Advice on writing predicates

[Sarir Khamsi]

I wrote a simple predicate that returns t if the Emacs major version
number is greater than 22 and would like some advice/comments:

The following

(defun sk-emacs-version-greater-than23-p ()
  "Return non-nil if current Emacs version is greater than 22."
  (interactive)
  (setq version-string (replace-regexp-in-string ".*?\\([0-9]+\\)\.\\([0-9]+\\)\.\\([0-9]+\\)[()-.a-zA-Z0-9 \n]+" "\\1 \\2 \\3" (emacs-version)))
  (setq version-num (mapcar 'string-to-number (split-string version-string)))
  (if (> 22 (car version-num))
      t
    nil))

seems to work. I know that I don't need to save \2 and \3 but wanted
that for a later function. Any comments or suggestions on how to make
this better? Thanks.

Sarir

-- 
Sarir Khamsi
software guy
sarir.khamsi@raytheon.com

Re: Advice on writing predicates

[Anselm Helbig]

At Thu, 25 Jun 2009 15:27:19 -0700,
Sarir Khamsi <sarir.khamsi@raytheon.com> wrote:
> 
> I wrote a simple predicate that returns t if the Emacs major version
> number is greater than 22 and would like some advice/comments:
> 
> The following
> 
> (defun sk-emacs-version-greater-than23-p ()
>   "Return non-nil if current Emacs version is greater than 22."
>   (interactive)
>   (setq version-string (replace-regexp-in-string ".*?\\([0-9]+\\)\.\\([0-9]+\\)\.\\([0-9]+\\)[()-.a-zA-Z0-9 \n]+" "\\1 \\2 \\3" (emacs-version)))
>   (setq version-num (mapcar 'string-to-number (split-string version-string)))
>   (if (> 22 (car version-num))
>       t
>     nil))

I hope you're not too disappointed, but there's a constant named
emacs-major-version: 

  (> emacs-major-version 22)

This is also extracted from the string in emacs-version, this is how
the emacs devs did it:

  (defconst emacs-major-version
    (progn (string-match "^[0-9]+" emacs-version)
     (string-to-number (match-string 0 emacs-version)))
    "Major version number of this version of Emacs.
  This variable first existed in version 19.23.")

If you want to parse the version number yourself, this is how I would
do it: 

  (mapcar 'string-to-number (split-string emacs-version "\\."))

Note that the emacs-version variable just holds the number. This makes
things a lot easier. 

Generally you shouldnt rely on the version number to test if a feature
is available - just test directly for the feature you need. 

Regards, 

Anselm


-- 
Anselm Helbig 
mailto:anselm.helbig+news2009@googlemail.com

Re: Advice on writing predicates

[chickenphat]

On Jun 25, 4:23 pm, Anselm Helbig <anselm.helbig
+news2...@googlemail.com> wrote:
> At Thu, 25 Jun 2009 15:27:19 -0700,
>
> I hope you're not too disappointed, but there's a constant named
> emacs-major-version:
>
>   (> emacs-major-version 22)
>
> This is also extracted from the string in emacs-version, this is how
> the emacs devs did it:
>
>   (defconst emacs-major-version
>     (progn (string-match "^[0-9]+" emacs-version)
>      (string-to-number (match-string 0 emacs-version)))
>     "Major version number of this version of Emacs.
>   This variable first existed in version 19.23.")
>
> If you want to parse the version number yourself, this is how I would
> do it:
>
>   (mapcar 'string-to-number (split-string emacs-version "\\."))
>
> Note that the emacs-version variable just holds the number. This makes
> things a lot easier.

This is exactly what I was looking for...and I'm very happy. Thanks.

Sarir

Re: Advice on writing predicates

[Daniel Pittman]

Sarir Khamsi <sarir.khamsi@raytheon.com> writes:

> I wrote a simple predicate that returns t if the Emacs major version number
> is greater than 22 and would like some advice/comments:
>
> The following
>
> (defun sk-emacs-version-greater-than23-p ()
>   "Return non-nil if current Emacs version is greater than 22."
>   (interactive)
>   (setq version-string (replace-regexp-in-string ".*?\\([0-9]+\\)\.\\([0-9]+\\)\.\\([0-9]+\\)[()-.a-zA-Z0-9 \n]+" "\\1 \\2 \\3" (emacs-version)))
>   (setq version-num (mapcar 'string-to-number (split-string version-string)))
>   (if (> 22 (car version-num))
>       t
>     nil))

(defun dp/emacs-version-greater-than-23-p ()
  "REVISIT: Document me, you fool!"
  (interactive)
  (> (string-to-number (car (split-string emacs-version "\\."))) 23))

That does two things better: first, it uses the emacs-version variable which
just holds the version number.

Second, it doesn't bother with a specific true value, just a generic one,
which the '>' function happily returns.

Regards,
        Daniel

Re: Advice on writing predicates

[Andreas Röhler]

Sarir Khamsi wrote:
> I wrote a simple predicate that returns t if the Emacs major version
> number is greater than 22 and would like some advice/comments:
>
> The following
>
> (defun sk-emacs-version-greater-than23-p ()
>   "Return non-nil if current Emacs version is greater than 22."
>   (interactive)
>   (setq version-string (replace-regexp-in-string ".*?\\([0-9]+\\)\.\\([0-9]+\\)\.\\([0-9]+\\)[()-.a-zA-Z0-9 \n]+" "\\1 \\2 \\3" (emacs-version)))
>   (setq version-num (mapcar 'string-to-number (split-string version-string)))
>   (if (> 22 (car version-num))
>       t
>     nil))
>
> seems to work. I know that I don't need to save \2 and \3 but wanted
> that for a later function.

After the core question has been answered, remains: how to deliver values?

Several possibilities exist. You could return a list instead a boolean.

Or define variables outside:

(defvar value-to-preserve1 nil)
(defvar value-to-preserve2 nil)

(defun sk-emacs-version-greater-than23-p ()
  "Return non-nil if current Emacs version is greater than 22."
  (interactive)
  (setq version-string (replace-regexp-in-string
".*?\\([0-9]+\\)\.\\([0-9]+\\)\.\\([0-9]+\\)[()-.a-zA-Z0-9 \n]+" "\\1
\\2 \\3" (emacs-version)))
(setq version-num (mapcar 'string-to-number (split-string version-string)))
;;;;;;;;;;
  (setq value-to-preserve1 (nth 1 version-num))
  (setq value-to-preserve2 (nth 2 version-num))
::::::::::
  (if (> 22 (car version-num))
      t
    nil))


Cheers

Andreas


>  Any comments or suggestions on how to make
> this better? Thanks.
>
> Sarir
>
>   

Re: Advice on writing predicates

[Pascal J. Bourguignon]

Sarir Khamsi <sarir.khamsi@raytheon.com> writes:

> I wrote a simple predicate that returns t if the Emacs major version
> number is greater than 22 and would like some advice/comments:
> [...]
>
>   (if (> 22 (car version-num))
>       t
>     nil))
>
> seems to work. I know that I don't need to save \2 and \3 but wanted
> that for a later function. Any comments or suggestions on how to make
> this better? Thanks.

1- anything that is not nil is true, so you don't really need to
   return t, just something not nil.

2- > already returns either t or nil.  So you can just write 
   (> 22 emacs-major-version).

3- even if > didn't return t for true, you could just write
   (> 22 emacs-major-version) (see point 1).

   An famous example of a function that doesn't return t or nil, but a
   generalized boolean is member:

     (member 'b '(a b c)) --> (b c) ; which is true.

   So you can write either:

     (defun containp  (x l) (member x l)) ; returns a generalized boolean
     (defun following (x l) (second (member x l))) ; returns the element following x in l.

     (let ((list '(a b c))
           (e    'b))
        (when (containp e list)
           (following e list)))
     --> c

4- but if you really wanted to return t or nil in case 3, you could
   write instead of if: (not (not (> 22 emacs-major-verion))).
   Which could be rewritten as (not (<= 22 emacs-major-verion)).

5- one of my teacher taught us to always use < or <=, never > or >=,
   so you get to write always the smallest on the left and the biggest
   on the right, which is more readable, in the long term.

In conclusion, you could write it better as:

   (< emacs-major-version 22)


-- 
__Pascal Bourguignon__

Re: Advice on writing predicates

[Thien-Thi Nguyen]

() Sarir Khamsi <sarir.khamsi@raytheon.com>
() Thu, 25 Jun 2009 15:27:19 -0700

   (defun sk-emacs-version-greater-than23-p ()
     [...])

   Any comments or suggestions on how to make
   this better?

Other people have answered otherwise, so i'll just say:
avoid setq to free vars.

thi