Auto-indentation

Auto-indentation

[Marcus Husar]

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I no searched 2 hours for auto-indentation in emacs. I couldn't find anything. Could someone please tell me how it works?

here is my .emacs:

(setq case-fold-search t)
(global-font-lock-mode t)
(mouse-wheel-mode t)
(setq auto-fill-mode 1)
(setq display-time-day-and-date t)
(display-time)

(setq c-mode-hook
      (function (lambda ()
		  (c-set-style "K&R")
		  (setq c-basic-offset 8))))
(setq objc-mode-hook
      (function (lambda ()
		  (c-set-style "K&R")
		  (setq c-basic-offset 8))))
(setq c++-mode-hook
      (function (lambda ()
		  (c-set-style "K&R")
		  (setq c-basic-offset 8))))
(setq java-mode-hook
      (function (lambda ()
		  (c-set-style "K&R")
		  (setq c-basic-offset 8))))

-- 
Marcus Husar: mail@marcus-husar.de

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Re: Auto-indentation

[Zhang Wei]

Why not just use M-x c-toggle-auto-newline in CC mode?

-- 
Zhang Wei or Brep
<brep@smth.org>

Re: Auto-indentation

[Kevin Rodgers]

Marcus Husar wrote:
 > I no searched 2 hours for auto-indentation in emacs. I couldn't find
 > anything. Could someone please tell me how it works?

Where did you look?  There is a node in the Emacs manual called
Custom[izing] C Indent[ation], which has a link to the CC Mode manual's
Customizing Indentation node.

-- 
Kevin Rodgers

Re: Auto-indentation

[Stefan Monnier]

> I no searched 2 hours for auto-indentation in emacs.  I couldn't find
> anything.  Could someone please tell me how it works?

I suspect you're victim of a misunderstanding.
Emacs's auto-indentation is just always present.  You don't have to look
for it.  The way it works: you hit TAB and it automatically finds the right
spot to indent the current line.

If you want all the code to be automatically indented all the time without
you hitting any special key, it's something else and Emacs doesn't do that
in general.


        Stefan

Re: Auto-indentation

[Alan Mackenzie]

Marcus Husar <mail@marcus-husar.de> wrote on Fri, 10 Feb 2006 14:27:32 +0100:

> I no searched 2 hours for auto-indentation in emacs. I couldn't find
> anything. Could someone please tell me how it works?

Assuming you're talking about C, C++, Objective-C and Java, (as suggested
by your .emacs), then an existing line of code gets re-indented when

o - you press the TAB key.
o - you type an "electric" character, such as ";" or "{".
o - you run some other indentation command, such as C-M-q, C-c C-q, or
    C-M-\.

When you type <ret>, the newline doesn't get indented.  You can make this
happen by typing C-j instead of <ret>.  If you really want <ret> to
indent the new line, then put this into your .emacs:

        (defun my-make-CR-do-indent ()
          (define-key c-mode-base-map "\C-m" 'c-context-line-break))
        (add-hook 'c-initialization-hook 'my-make-CR-do-indent)


> here is my .emacs:

> (setq case-fold-search t)
> (global-font-lock-mode t)
> (mouse-wheel-mode t)
> (setq auto-fill-mode 1)
> (setq display-time-day-and-date t)
> (display-time)

> (setq c-mode-hook
>       (function (lambda ()
> 		  (c-set-style "K&R")
> 		  (setq c-basic-offset 8))))
> (setq objc-mode-hook
>       (function (lambda ()
> 		  (c-set-style "K&R")
> 		  (setq c-basic-offset 8))))
> (setq c++-mode-hook
>       (function (lambda ()
> 		  (c-set-style "K&R")
> 		  (setq c-basic-offset 8))))
> (setq java-mode-hook
>       (function (lambda ()
> 		  (c-set-style "K&R")
> 		  (setq c-basic-offset 8))))

Nothing to do with what you asked for, but a comment all the same.  You
can achieve the effect of the above 16 lines more simply by code like
this in your .emacs:

        (setq c-default-style "K&R")
        (defun my-set-basic-offset ()
          (setq c-basic-offset 8))
        (add-hook 'c-mode-common-hook 'my-set-basic-offset)

> Marcus Husar: mail@marcus-husar.de

-- 
Alan Mackenzie (Munich, Germany)
Email: aacm@muuc.dee; to decode, wherever there is a repeated letter
(like "aa"), remove half of them (leaving, say, "a").

Re: Auto-indentation

[Paul Whitfield]

Alan Mackenzie wrote:
> Marcus Husar <mail@marcus-husar.de> wrote on Fri, 10 Feb 2006 14:27:32 +0100:
> 
>> I no searched 2 hours for auto-indentation in emacs. I couldn't find
>> anything. Could someone please tell me how it works?
> 
> Assuming you're talking about C, C++, Objective-C and Java, (as suggested
> by your .emacs), then an existing line of code gets re-indented when
> 
> o - you press the TAB key.
> o - you type an "electric" character, such as ";" or "{".
> o - you run some other indentation command, such as C-M-q, C-c C-q, or
>     C-M-\.
> 
> When you type <ret>, the newline doesn't get indented.  You can make this
> happen by typing C-j instead of <ret>.  If you really want <ret> to
> indent the new line, then put this into your .emacs:
> 
>         (defun my-make-CR-do-indent ()
>           (define-key c-mode-base-map "\C-m" 'c-context-line-break))
>         (add-hook 'c-initialization-hook 'my-make-CR-do-indent)
> 

Alternatively:

(defun my-c-mode-common-hook ()
   (define-key c-mode-base-map "\C-m" 'newline-and-indent))

(add-hook 'c-mode-common-hook' my-c-mode-common-hook)



This uses the generic newline-and-indent which should work
for even non "c" type languages.

Adding to the common hook means that all languages that
make use of CC-mode will be "auto" indented.


regards

Paul

Re: Auto-indentation

[Paul Whitfield]

Paul Whitfield wrote:
> Alan Mackenzie wrote:
>> Marcus Husar <mail@marcus-husar.de> wrote on Fri, 10 Feb 2006 14:27:32 
>> +0100:
>>
>>> I no searched 2 hours for auto-indentation in emacs. I couldn't find
>>> anything. Could someone please tell me how it works?
>>
>> Assuming you're talking about C, C++, Objective-C and Java, (as suggested
>> by your .emacs), then an existing line of code gets re-indented when
>>
>> o - you press the TAB key.
>> o - you type an "electric" character, such as ";" or "{".
>> o - you run some other indentation command, such as C-M-q, C-c C-q, or
>>     C-M-\.
>>
>> When you type <ret>, the newline doesn't get indented.  You can make this
>> happen by typing C-j instead of <ret>.  If you really want <ret> to
>> indent the new line, then put this into your .emacs:
>>
>>         (defun my-make-CR-do-indent ()
>>           (define-key c-mode-base-map "\C-m" 'c-context-line-break))
>>         (add-hook 'c-initialization-hook 'my-make-CR-do-indent)
>>
> 
> Alternatively:
> 
> (defun my-c-mode-common-hook ()
>   (define-key c-mode-base-map "\C-m" 'newline-and-indent))
> 
> (add-hook 'c-mode-common-hook' my-c-mode-common-hook)
> 
> 
> 
> This uses the generic newline-and-indent which should work
> for even non "c" type languages.
> 
> Adding to the common hook means that all languages that
> make use of CC-mode will be "auto" indented.

Oops... just re-read the documentation, c-initialization-hook is run
first, so ignore my advice about using the common-hook instead of the
initialisation hook.

regards
Paul

Re: Auto-indentation

[Alan Mackenzie]

Paul Whitfield <NoSpam@iinet.net.au> wrote on Mon, 13 Feb 2006 08:26:43 +0800:
> Alan Mackenzie wrote:

[  .... ]

>> When you type <ret>, the newline doesn't get indented.  You can make
>> this happen by typing C-j instead of <ret>.  If you really want <ret>
>> to indent the new line, then put this into your .emacs:

>>         (defun my-make-CR-do-indent ()
>>           (define-key c-mode-base-map "\C-m" 'c-context-line-break))
>>         (add-hook 'c-initialization-hook 'my-make-CR-do-indent)
>> 

> Alternatively:

> (defun my-c-mode-common-hook ()
>    (define-key c-mode-base-map "\C-m" 'newline-and-indent))

> (add-hook 'c-mode-common-hook' my-c-mode-common-hook)



> This uses the generic newline-and-indent which should work
> for even non "c" type languages.

Yes, but the binding suggested is in CC Mode's main keymap
(c-mode-base-map), so this is irrelevant.  The command
c-context-line-break, unlike newline-and-indent, continues comments and
multi-line macros with comment prefixes (e.g. " * " at beginning of line)
and backslashed newlines.

> Adding to the common hook means that all languages that
> make use of CC-mode will be "auto" indented.

Yes.  I've seen your follow-up post.  ;-)  The thing about
c-mode-common-hook is that it's executed every time you visit a new
buffer.  You only need to bind key sequences once.  Binding them in the
common hook isn't wrong, and doesn't noticeably delay anything, but it's
kind of klunky.  This klunkiness was actually encouraged by the CC Mode
manual, but newer editions have corrected this.

> regards

> Paul

-- 
Alan Mackenzie (Munich, Germany)
Email: aacm@muuc.dee; to decode, wherever there is a repeated letter
(like "aa"), remove half of them (leaving, say, "a").

Re: Auto-indentation

[Paul Whitfield]

Alan Mackenzie wrote:
> Paul Whitfield <NoSpam@iinet.net.au> wrote on Mon, 13 Feb 2006 08:26:43 +0800:
>> Alan Mackenzie wrote:
> 
> [  .... ]
> 
>>> When you type <ret>, the newline doesn't get indented.  You can make
>>> this happen by typing C-j instead of <ret>.  If you really want <ret>
>>> to indent the new line, then put this into your .emacs:
> 
>>>         (defun my-make-CR-do-indent ()
>>>           (define-key c-mode-base-map "\C-m" 'c-context-line-break))
>>>         (add-hook 'c-initialization-hook 'my-make-CR-do-indent)
>>>
> 
>> Alternatively:
> 
>> (defun my-c-mode-common-hook ()
>>    (define-key c-mode-base-map "\C-m" 'newline-and-indent))
> 
>> (add-hook 'c-mode-common-hook' my-c-mode-common-hook)
> 
> 
> 
>> This uses the generic newline-and-indent which should work
>> for even non "c" type languages.
> 
> Yes, but the binding suggested is in CC Mode's main keymap
> (c-mode-base-map), so this is irrelevant.  The command
> c-context-line-break, unlike newline-and-indent, continues comments and
> multi-line macros with comment prefixes (e.g. " * " at beginning of line)
> and backslashed newlines.

Oh... I think I will try that out!

>> Adding to the common hook means that all languages that
>> make use of CC-mode will be "auto" indented.
> 
> Yes.  I've seen your follow-up post.  ;-)  The thing about
> c-mode-common-hook is that it's executed every time you visit a new
> buffer.  You only need to bind key sequences once.  Binding them in the
> common hook isn't wrong, and doesn't noticeably delay anything, but it's
> kind of klunky.  This klunkiness was actually encouraged by the CC Mode
> manual, but newer editions have corrected this.

Goes to show you should re-visit manuals!

Thank you for correcting my wrong headedness :-)

Regards
Paul.

Auto-indentation

[Richard H Lee]

I would like to use auto-indentation in emacs.

When I C-j in C syntax it add an extra indent if it is expecting an 
extra code block. It also does so if I type an opening curly bracket.

E.g

for(;;;)
   {

I just want emacs to keep the indent of the line I'm on, that is all. I 
don't need emacs to predict indentation for me.

Richard

Re: Auto-indentation

[Mark Skilbeck]

On Fri, Apr 20, 2012 at 01:57:14PM +0100, Richard H Lee wrote:
> I would like to use auto-indentation in emacs.
> 
> When I C-j in C syntax it add an extra indent if it is expecting an
> extra code block. It also does so if I type an opening curly
> bracket.
> 
> E.g
> 
> for(;;;)
>   {
> 
> I just want emacs to keep the indent of the line I'm on, that is
> all. I don't need emacs to predict indentation for me.
> 
> Richard

See c-set-style. Typically bound to "C-c ."

- mgsk.

Re: Auto-indentation

[Richard H Lee]

On 21/04/12 09:39, Mark Skilbeck wrote:
> See c-set-style. Typically bound to "C-c ."

Thanks for pointing me in the right direction.

I just set c-offsets-alist to nil, but I'm not sure if that's overkill.

Re: Auto-indentation

[Richard H Lee]

On 21/04/12 13:58, Richard H Lee wrote:
> c-offsets-alist to nil

I still had problems.

c-syntactic-indentation did the trick

RE: Auto-indentation

[Ludwig, Mark]

> From: Richard H Lee
> Sent: Saturday, April 21, 2012 8:52 AM
> To: help-gnu-emacs@gnu.org
> Subject: Re: Auto-indentation
> 
> On 21/04/12 13:58, Richard H Lee wrote:
> > c-offsets-alist to nil
> 
> I still had problems.
> 
> c-syntactic-indentation did the trick

If this is all you need to do, great.  To fit existing code I maintain, I found I needed to extensively customize c-offsets-list, but also others such as c-basic-offset and c-comment-only-line-offset; the easiest way to do it all together is to create your own "style" and add it using c-add-style.

(I did this so I can impress my colleagues by positioning point in front of the opening brace of an entire C function or Java method and press C-M-q.)

Cheers,
Mark