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| | ;;; num-base-converters.el --- Convert integers between different numeric bases -*- lexical-binding: t -*-
;; Copyright (C) 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
;; Author: Tino Calancha <tino.calancha@gmail.com>
;; Keywords: convenience, numbers, converters, tools
;; Created: Tue Aug 15 02:04:55 JST 2017
;; Version: 0.1
;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.
;; GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
;; the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
;; (at your option) any later version.
;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
;; GNU General Public License for more details.
;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
;; along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
;;; Commentary:
;; This library defines the command `nbc-number-base-converter' to
;; convert a given integer in a numeric base to a different base.
;;
;; For instance, 10 in hexadecimal is 'A':
;; (nbc-number-base-converter "10" 10 16)
;; => "A"
;;
;; In addition, this file adds the following commands to convert
;; between the most common bases (2, 8, 10, 16):
;; `nbc-hex2dec', `nbc-hex2oct', `nbc-hex2bin'
;; `nbc-dec2hex', `nbc-dec2oct', `nbc-dec2bin'
;; `nbc-oct2hex', `nbc-oct2dec', `nbc-oct2bin'
;; `nbc-bin2hex', `nbc-bin2dec', `nbc-bin2oct'.
;;; Code:
(require 'calc-bin)
(eval-when-compile (require 'rx))
(defgroup num-base-converters nil
"Convert integers between different numeric bases."
:group 'nbc)
(defcustom nbc-define-aliases nil
"If non-nil, create aliases without prefix 'nbc' for the converters."
:type 'boolean
:group 'nbc)
(defun nbc-number-base-converter (num base-in base-out)
"Translate NUM, a string representing an integer, to a different base.
BASE-IN, an integer, is the basis of the input NUM.
BASE-OUT, an integer, is the basis to display NUM."
(interactive
(let ((num (read-string "Number: "))
(base-in (read-number "Base input: "))
(base-out (read-number "Base output: ")))
(list num base-in base-out)))
(unless (stringp num)
(signal 'wrong-type-argument (list 'stringp num)))
(unless (and (>= base-in 2) (<= base-in 36) (>= base-out 2) (<= base-out 36))
(user-error "Base `b' must satisfy 2 <= b <= 36: base-in `%d' base-out `%d'"
base-in base-out))
(let* ((case-fold-search nil)
(input (progn
(pcase num ; Drop base info from NUMB.
((rx (and string-start
(let _u (or "b" "0x" "o")
(let v (one-or-more not-newline)) string-end)))
(setq num v))
((rx (and string-start "#"
(let _u (or "b" "x" "o" (and (one-or-more digit) "r")))
(let v (one-or-more not-newline)) string-end))
(setq num v)))
(condition-case nil
;; Translate to canonical syntaxis: #(base)r(number).
(read (format "#%dr%s" base-in num))
(invalid-read-syntax
(user-error "Wrong input: `%s' for base `%s'"
num base-in))))))
(condition-case nil
(let* ((calc-number-radix base-out)
(output (math-format-radix input)))
(pcase output
((rx (and string-start
(let _u (zero-or-one (and (zero-or-more digit) "#"))
(let v (and (one-or-more not-newline) string-end)))))
(setq output v))) ; Drop base info from OUTPUT.
(message "%s base %s = %s base %s" num base-in output base-out)
output)
(wrong-type-argument
(user-error "Wrong input: `%s' for base `%s'" num base-in)))))
;;; Add translatros for the most common basis: decimal, hexadecimal,
;; octal and binary.
(eval-when-compile
(defmacro nbc--create-converters-1 ()
(let ((bases (list "hex" "dec" "oct" "bin"))
forms)
(dolist (base-out bases)
(dolist (base-in bases)
(if (equal base-out base-in)
nil
(push `(nbc--create-command ,base-in ,base-out) forms))))
`(progn ,@forms)))
(defmacro nbc--create-command (base-in base-out)
(let* ((input-fn
(lambda (x)
(pcase x
(`"hex" (cons "hexadecimal" 16))
(`"dec" (cons "decimal" 10))
(`"oct" (cons "octal" 8))
(`"bin" (cons "binary" 2)))))
(in-lst (funcall input-fn base-in))
(base-in-name (car in-lst))
(out-lst (funcall input-fn base-out))
(func-name (format "nbc-%s2%s" base-in
(substring (car out-lst) 0 3)))
(prefix-len (length "nbc-"))
(docstring (format "Translate NUM, a string, from %s to %s."
(car in-lst) (car out-lst)))
(ispec (format "sNumber in %s: " (car in-lst))))
`(progn
(when (bound-and-true-p nbc-define-aliases)
(defalias (intern ,(substring func-name prefix-len))
(intern ,func-name)))
(defun ,(intern func-name) ,(list 'num)
,docstring (interactive ,ispec)
(let ((res (nbc-number-base-converter
num ,(cdr in-lst) ,(cdr out-lst))))
(message "%s %s = %s %s"
num ,base-in-name res ,(car out-lst))
res))))))
(defun nbc--create-converters ()
"Create converters between the bases 2, 8, 10 and 16."
(nbc--create-converters-1))
(nbc--create-converters)
(provide 'num-base-converters)
;;; num-base-converters.el ends here
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