> https://lifeofpenguin.blogspot.com/2021/07/sheet-music-in-gnu-emacs.html
>
> That is interesting.
>
> Are there programs to convert other musical notation files
> into this Unicode format?

I'm not aware of any such program. But with an active W3C Music Notation
Community Group <https://www.w3.org/community/music-notation/> , I expect
to see more of this in the near future.

  Can it handle rests, dots, ties,
> bar lines, and so on?
>
 Complete symbol reference is available here.
http://www.smufl.org/files/smufl-0.9.pdf