When I start Emacs on a fresh install of my configuration, I have to
restart a couple times before all of the packages successfully install.
Upon trying to debug it, I ran into an error with seq being unable to
load seq-25.el and reduced it to a minimal test case.

Put the following in an empty directory as init.el:

  (setq debug-on-error t
        package-install-upgrade-built-in t)
  (package-install 'seq)

then in the directory run:

  emacs -Q --init-directory $(pwd) -l init.el

When I do this, I get the following error:

  Debugger entered--Lisp error: (file-missing "Cannot open load file" "No such file or directory" "seq-25")
    require(seq-25)
    (if (version< emacs-version "25") (require 'seq-24) (require 'seq-25))
    load-with-code-conversion("/Users/<username>/.emacs-test-elpa-seq/elpa/seq-2.24/seq..." "/Users/<username>/.emacs-test-elpa-seq/elpa/seq-2.24/seq..." nil t)
    #<subr F616e6f6e796d6f75732d6c616d626461_anonymous_lambda_32>(("/Users/<username>/.emacs-test-elpa-seq/elpa/seq-2.24/seq" . 76))
    mapc(#<subr F616e6f6e796d6f75732d6c616d626461_anonymous_lambda_32> (("/Users/<username>/.emacs-test-elpa-seq/elpa/seq-2.24/seq" . 76)))
    package--reload-previously-loaded(#s(package-desc :name seq :version (2 24) :summary "Sequence manipulation functions" :reqs nil :kind nil :archive nil :dir "/Users/<username>/.emacs-test-elpa-seq/elpa/seq-2.24" :extras ((:keywords "sequences") (:maintainer nil . emacs-devel@gnu.org<mailto:emacs-devel@gnu.org>) (:authors ("Nicolas Petton" . nicolas@petton.fr<mailto:nicolas@petton.fr>)) (:url . https://elpa.gnu.org/packages/seq.html) (:commit . "27a90793a13f149121180e864fa53d68b9eac0b3")) :signed nil))
    package-activate-1(#s(package-desc :name seq :version (2 24) :summary "Sequence manipulation functions" :reqs nil :kind nil :archive nil :dir "/Users/<username>/.emacs-test-elpa-seq/elpa/seq-2.24" :extras ((:keywords "sequences") (:maintainer nil . emacs-devel@gnu.org<mailto:emacs-devel@gnu.org>) (:authors ("Nicolas Petton" . nicolas@petton.fr<mailto:nicolas@petton.fr>)) (:url . https://elpa.gnu.org/packages/seq.html) (:commit . "27a90793a13f149121180e864fa53d68b9eac0b3")) :signed nil) :reload :deps)
    package-unpack(#s(package-desc :name seq :version (2 24) :summary "Sequence manipulation functions" :reqs nil :kind tar :archive "gnu" :dir nil :extras ((:keywords "sequences") (:maintainer nil . emacs-devel@gnu.org<mailto:emacs-devel@gnu.org>) (:authors ("Nicolas Petton" . nicolas@petton.fr<mailto:nicolas@petton.fr>)) (:url . https://elpa.gnu.org/packages/seq.html) (:commit . "27a90793a13f149121180e864fa53d68b9eac0b3")) :signed nil))
    #f(compiled-function () #<bytecode 0x1511bb8ba7930de3>)()
    package--with-response-buffer-1(https://elpa.gnu.org/packages/ #f(compiled-function () #<bytecode 0x1511bb8ba7930de3>) :file "seq-2.24.tar" :async nil :error-function #<subr F616e6f6e796d6f75732d6c616d626461_anonymous_lambda_79> :noerror nil)
    package-install-from-archive(#s(package-desc :name seq :version (2 24) :summary "Sequence manipulation functions" :reqs nil :kind tar :archive "gnu" :dir nil :extras ((:keywords "sequences") (:maintainer nil . emacs-devel@gnu.org<mailto:emacs-devel@gnu.org>) (:authors ("Nicolas Petton" . nicolas@petton.fr<mailto:nicolas@petton.fr>)) (:url . https://elpa.gnu.org/packages/seq.html) (:commit . "27a90793a13f149121180e864fa53d68b9eac0b3")) :signed nil))
    package-download-transaction((#s(package-desc :name seq :version (2 24) :summary "Sequence manipulation functions" :reqs nil :kind tar :archive "gnu" :dir nil :extras ((:keywords "sequences") (:maintainer nil . emacs-devel@gnu.org<mailto:emacs-devel@gnu.org>) (:authors ("Nicolas Petton" . nicolas@petton.fr<mailto:nicolas@petton.fr>)) (:url . https://elpa.gnu.org/packages/seq.html) (:commit . "27a90793a13f149121180e864fa53d68b9eac0b3")) :signed nil)))
    package-install(seq)
    load-with-code-conversion("/Users/<username>/.emacs-test-elpa-seq/init.el" "/Users/<username>/.emacs-test-elpa-seq/init.el" nil t)
    command-line-1(("-l" "init.el" "init.el"))
    command-line()
    normal-top-level()

Emacs  : GNU Emacs 29.1 (build 1, aarch64-apple-darwin23.2.0, NS appkit-2487.30 Version 14.2.1 (Build 23C71))
Package: seq

--
Ron Parker