Re: master 2fd38e5c496: Simplify and speed up numeric comparisons

[Pip Cet <pipcet@protonmail.com>]

On Saturday, July 27th, 2024 at 10:05, Mattias Engdegård via Mailing list for Emacs changes <emacs-diffs@gnu.org> wrote:
> branch: master
> commit 2fd38e5c496a2351a25e95df37a7900f6f80f22f
> Author: Mattias Engdegård mattiase@acm.org
> 
> Commit: Mattias Engdegård mattiase@acm.org
> 
> Simplify and speed up numeric comparisons
> 
> This makes comparison functions (=, /=, <, <=, >, >=, min, max) quite
> a bit faster (10-20 %). Bytecode ops on fixnums are not affected,
> nor is `value<`.

How was this measured? I would expect GCC to perform similar optimizations with -flto, at least. IIUC, the "if" branches are currently optimized in order for byte-compiled code, though the fixnum <=> fixnum case should of course be moved after the fixnum <=> bignum case.

> else
> - i2 = mpz_sgn (*xbignum_val (num2));
> + {
> +     int sgn = mpz_sgn (*xbignum_val (num2));
> +     eq = sgn == 0;
> +     lt = sgn > 0;
> +     gt = sgn < 0;
> + }

As we use a fixnum for 0, mpz_sgn (*xbignum_val (num2)) can never be 0, IIUC, here and in a few other places. This would simplify the code further (but probably not be much of a speed up since we use bignums rarely), though "eassume (!eq)" might be a better way to write it.

I would have preferred arithcompare() to return 1.0, 0.0, -1.0, or NaN (or another set of four values) for the four valid orderings, rather than using three mutually-exclusive bits, but maybe I missed something about NaNs there. Are they mutually exclusive? If so, why do we test with "&" rather than "==" when we're testing a single bit?

I have a very hypothetical objection, too: I have code somewhere around here that replaces floats by mpq_t big rationals, and for those, equality comparisons are much cheaper than ordering them is :-)

Pip