I can now get temacs and emacs built in src, after some work:
1) setup env variables:
export GNUSTEP_SYSTEM_ROOT=/usr/GNUstep/System
export GNUSTEP_MAKEFILES=$GNUSTEP_SYSTEM_ROOT/Library/Makefiles
export CPATH=$GNUSTEP_SYSTEM_ROOT/Library/Headers:$CPATH
export
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/GNUstep/System/Library/Libraries:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

2) modify src/Makefile.in:
+#define GNUSTEP
#define THIS_IS_MAKEFILE
#define NO_SHORTNAMES

than configure and build:
# ./configure --prefix=xxx --with-ns --without-x
# make

I think it's better to define `GNUSTEP' in ./configure process.

But there's still problems! After src/emacs is built, the build process
proceeds to byte-compile elisp codes, and that makes a Segmentation fault:

make[1]: Entering directory `/home/sun/sandbox/emacs-23.0.0_NS-9.0pre1/leim'
EMACSLOADPATH=/home/sun/sandbox/emacs-23.0.0_NS-9.0pre1/leim/../lispLC_ALL=C
../src/emacs -batch --no-init-file --no-site-file --multibyte -l
/home/sun/sandbox/emacs-23.0.0_NS-9.0pre1/leim/../lisp/international/quail \
-f batch-byte-compile-if-not-done quail/CCDOSPY.el quail/Punct.el
quail/QJ.el quail/SW.el quail/TONEPY.el quail/4Corner.el quail/ARRAY30.el
quail/ECDICT.el quail/ETZY.el quail/Punct-b5.el quail/PY-b5.el quail/QJ-
b5.el quail/ZOZY.el quail/tsang-b5.el quail/quick-b5.el
quail/tsang-cns.elquail/quick-
cns.el quail/PY.el quail/ZIRANMA.el quail/CTLau.el quail/CTLau-b5.el
make[1]: *** [leim-list.el] Segmentation fault
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/sun/sandbox/emacs-23.0.0_NS-9.0pre1/leim'
make: *** [leim] Error 2

I can run temacs with `./temacs -q -nw' in src, but `./emacs -q -nw' failed
with the same "Segmentation fault". Maybe there's something wrong in the
dumping process? I tried to build temacs with -O0 and -O1, but none woks.

2005/11/8, Adrian Robert <arobert@cogsci.ucsd.edu>:

>
> OK, I'd forgotten that -fconstant-string-class=NSConstantString
> should have been set up in the Makefile already. (That's why it
> wasn't needed in the config anymore.) Take a look at src/Makefile.in
> and search for 'GNUSTEP'. If the .m.o rule there wasn't making it
> into your actual Makefile, or was being ignored for some reason,
> that's the source of that problem. The linking issue could be
> related, because those flags are also keyed off of #ifdef GNUSTEP, in
> src/Makefile.in and src/config.h.
>
> I'm not sure what's happening in your case, but for the heck of it,
> you could try adding '-DGNUSTEP' to the CFLAGS in nextstep/compile --
> maybe there's something different on your system regarding how CFLAGS
> and CPPFLAGS are processed.
>
> (I'm more than open to suggestions for improving any of this, if you
> can find something that works on your setup..)
>
> thanks,
> Adrian
>