GNU Emacs NEWS -- history of user-visible changes. Copyright (C) 2019-2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc. See the end of the file for license conditions. Please send Emacs bug reports to 'bug-gnu-emacs@gnu.org'. If possible, use 'M-x report-emacs-bug'. This file is about changes in Emacs version 28. See file HISTORY for a list of GNU Emacs versions and release dates. See files NEWS.27, NEWS.26, ..., NEWS.18, and NEWS.1-17 for changes in older Emacs versions. You can narrow news to a specific version by calling 'view-emacs-news' with a prefix argument or by typing 'C-u C-h C-n'. Temporary note: +++ indicates that all relevant manuals in doc/ have been updated. --- means no change in the manuals is needed. When you add a new item, use the appropriate mark if you are sure it applies, and please also update docstrings as needed. * Installation Changes in Emacs 28.1 ** Emacs now optionally supports native compilation of Lisp files. To enable this, configure Emacs with the '--with-native-compilation' option. This requires the libgccjit library to be installed and functional, and also requires GCC and Binutils to be available when Lisp code is natively compiled. See the Info node "(elisp) Native Compilation" for more details. ** The Cairo graphics library is now used by default if present. '--with-cairo' is now the default, if the appropriate development files are found by 'configure'. Note that building with Cairo means using Pango instead of libXFT for font support. Since Pango 1.44 has removed support for bitmapped fonts, this may require you to adjust your font settings. Note also that 'FontBackend' settings in ".Xdefaults" or ".Xresources", or 'font-backend' frame parameter settings in your init files, may need to be adjusted, as 'xft' is no longer a valid backend when using Cairo. Use 'ftcrhb' if your Emacs was built with HarfBuzz text shaping support, and 'ftcr' otherwise. You can determine this by checking 'system-configuration-features'. The 'ftcr' backend will still be available when HarfBuzz is supported, but will not be used by default. We strongly recommend building with HarBuzz support. 'x' is still a valid backend. --- ** 'configure' now warns about building with libXft support. libXft is unmaintained, and causes a number of problems with modern fonts including but not limited to crashes; support for it may be removed in a future version of Emacs. Please consider using Cairo + HarfBuzz instead. --- ** 'configure' now warns about not using HarfBuzz if using Cairo. We want to encourage people to use the most modern font features available, and this is the Cairo graphics library + HarfBuzz for font shaping, so 'configure' now recommends that combination. --- ** Building without double buffering support. 'configure --with-xdbe=no' can now be used to disable double buffering at build time. --- ** Support for building with Motif has been removed. --- ** The configure option '--without-makeinfo' has been removed. This was only ever relevant when building from a repository checkout. This now requires makeinfo, which is part of the texinfo package. --- ** Support for building with '-fcheck-pointer-bounds' has been removed. GCC has withdrawn the '-fcheck-pointer-bounds' option and support for its implementation has been removed from the Linux kernel. --- ** The ftx font backend driver has been removed. It was declared obsolete in Emacs 27.1. --- ** Emacs no longer supports old OpenBSD systems. OpenBSD 5.3 and older releases are no longer supported, as they lack proper pty support that Emacs needs. * Startup Changes in Emacs 28.1 --- ** In GTK builds, Emacs now supports startup notification. This means that Emacs won't steal keyboard focus upon startup (when started via the Desktop) if the user is typing into another application. --- ** Errors in 'kill-emacs-hook' no longer prevent Emacs from shutting down. If a function in that hook signals an error in an interactive Emacs, the user will be prompted on whether to continue. If the user doesn't answer within five seconds, Emacs will continue shutting down anyway. ** Emacs now supports loading a Secure Computing filter. This is supported only on capable GNU/Linux systems. To activate, invoke Emacs with the '--seccomp=FILE' command-line option. FILE must name a binary file containing an array of 'struct sock_filter' structures. Emacs will then install that list of Secure Computing filters into its own process early during the startup process. You can use this functionality to put an Emacs process in a sandbox to avoid security issues when executing untrusted code. See the manual page for 'seccomp' system call, for details about Secure Computing filters. ** Emacs can support 24-bit color TTY without terminfo database. If your text-mode terminal supports 24-bit true color, but your system lacks the terminfo database, you can instruct Emacs to support 24-bit true color by setting 'COLORTERM=truecolor' in the environment. This is useful on systems such as FreeBSD which ships only with "etc/termcap". --- ** File names given on the command line are now be pushed onto history. The file names will be pushed onto 'file-name-history', like the names of files visited via 'C-x C-f' and other commands. * Changes in Emacs 28.1 --- ** Emacs now supports Unicode Standard version 14.0. +++ ** New character script 'emoji' has been created. Various blocks of codepoints have been split out of the 'symbol' script into their own 'emoji' script to allow easier specification of their treatment. Which codepoints are treated as emoji is derived from the Unicode specifications. Also, Emacs will now use "Noto Color Emoji" by default for that script. Use: (set-fontset-font t 'emoji '("My New Emoji Font" . "iso10646-1") nil 'prepend) to change the font used. +++ ** Zero Width Joiner (ZWJ) and emoji sequences are now composed. Emacs can now compose (almost) all the Unicode-14 ZWJ and emoji sequences (if a suitable font is installed) so that they are displayed as single glyphs instead of multiple ones. 'Noto Color Emoji' is one such suitable font. +++ ** New command 'execute-extended-command-for-buffer'. This new command, bound to 'M-S-x', works like 'execute-extended-command', but limits the set of commands to the commands that have been determined to be particularly useful with the current mode. +++ ** New user option 'read-extended-command-predicate'. This user option controls how 'M-x' performs completion of commands when you type 'TAB'. By default, any command that matches what you have typed is considered a completion candidate, but you can customize this option to exclude commands that are not applicable to the current buffer's major and minor modes, and respect the command's completion predicate (if any). +++ ** Completion on 'M-x' shows key bindings for commands. When 'suggest-key-bindings' is non-nil (as it is by default), the completion list popped up by 'M-x' shows the key bindings for all the commands shown in the list of candidate completions that have a key binding. ** New user option 'completions-detailed'. When non-nil, some commands like 'describe-symbol' show more detailed completions with more information in completion prefix and suffix. The default is nil. --- ** 'C-s' in 'M-x' now once again searches over completions. In Emacs 23, typing 'M-x' ('read-extended-command') and then 'C-s' (to do an interactive search) would search over possible completions. This was lost in Emacs 24, but is now back again. --- ** User option 'completions-format' supports a new value 'one-column'. +++ ** New system for displaying documentation for groups of functions. This can either be used by saying 'M-x shortdoc-display-group' and choosing a group, or clicking a button in the "*Help*" buffers when looking at the doc string of a function that belongs to one of these groups. +++ ** New minor mode 'context-menu-mode' for context menus popped by 'mouse-3'. When this mode is enabled, clicking 'down-mouse-3' anywhere in the buffer pops up a menu whose contents depends on surrounding context near the mouse click. You can change the order of the default sub-menus in the context menu by customizing the user option 'context-menu-functions'. You can also invoke the context menu by pressing 'S-' or, on macOS, by clicking 'C-down-mouse-1'. +++ ** A new keymap for buffer actions has been added. The 'C-x x' keymap now holds keystrokes for various buffer-oriented commands. The new keystrokes are 'C-x x g' ('revert-buffer-quick'), 'C-x x r' ('rename-buffer'), 'C-x x u' ('rename-uniquely'), 'C-x x n' ('clone-buffer'), 'C-x x i' ('insert-buffer'), 'C-x x t' ('toggle-truncate-lines') and 'C-x x f' ('font-lock-update'). +++ ** Modifiers now go outside angle brackets in pretty-printed key bindings. For example, 'RET' with Control and Meta modifiers is now shown as 'C-M-' instead of ''. Either variant can be used as input; functions such as 'kbd' and 'read-kbd-macro' accept both styles as equivalent (they have done so for a long time). --- ** 'eval-expression' no longer signals an error on incomplete expressions. Previously, typing 'M-: ( RET' would result in Emacs saying "End of file during parsing" and dropping out of the minibuffer. The user would have to type 'M-: M-p' to edit and redo the expression. Now Emacs will echo the message and allow the user to continue editing. +++ ** 'eval-last-sexp' now handles 'defvar'/'defcustom'/'defface' specially. This command would previously not redefine values defined by these forms, but this command has now been changed to work more like 'eval-defun', and reset the values as specified. --- ** New user option 'use-short-answers'. When non-nil, the function 'y-or-n-p' is used instead of 'yes-or-no-p'. This eliminates the need to define an alias that maps one to another in the init file. The same user option also controls whether the function 'read-answer' accepts short answers. +++ ** New user option 'kill-buffer-delete-auto-save-files'. If non-nil, killing a buffer that has an auto-save file will prompt the user for whether that file should be deleted. (Note that 'delete-auto-save-files', if non-nil, was previously documented to result in deletion of auto-save files when killing a buffer without unsaved changes, but this has apparently not worked for several decades, so the documented semantics of this variable has been changed to match the behavior.) +++ ** New user option 'next-error-message-highlight'. In addition to a fringe arrow, 'next-error' error may now optionally highlight the current error message in the 'next-error' buffer. This user option can be also customized to keep highlighting on all visited errors, so you can have an overview what errors were already visited. --- ** New choice 'next-error-quit-window' for 'next-error-found-function'. When 'next-error-found-function' is customized to 'next-error-quit-window', then typing the numeric prefix argument 0 before the command 'next-error' will quit the source window after visiting the next occurrence. +++ ** New user option 'file-preserve-symlinks-on-save'. This controls what Emacs does when saving buffers that visit files via symbolic links, and 'file-precious-flag' is non-nil. +++ ** New user option 'copy-directory-create-symlink'. If non-nil, will make 'copy-directory' (when used on a symbolic link) copy the link instead of following the link. The default is nil, so the default behavior is unchanged. +++ ** New user option 'ignored-local-variable-values'. This is the opposite of 'safe-local-variable-values' -- it's an alist of variable-value pairs that are to be ignored when reading a local-variables section of a file. --- ** Specific warnings can now be disabled from the warning buffer. When a warning is displayed to the user, the resulting buffer now has buttons which allow making permanent changes to the treatment of that warning. Automatic showing of the warning can be disabled (although it is still logged to the "*Messages*" buffer), or the warning can be disabled entirely. +++ ** ".dir-locals.el" now supports setting 'auto-mode-alist'. The new 'auto-mode-alist' specification in ".dir-locals.el" files can now be used to override the global 'auto-mode-alist' in the current directory tree. --- ** User option 'uniquify-buffer-name-style' can now be a function. This user option can be one of the predefined styles or a function to personalize the uniquified buffer name. --- ** 'remove-hook' is now an interactive command. --- ** 'expand-file-name' now checks for null bytes in filenames. The function will now check for null bytes in both NAME and DEFAULT-DIRECTORY arguments, as well as in the 'default-directory' buffer-local variable, when its value is used. If null bytes are found, 'expand-file-name' will signal an error. This means that practically all file-related operations will now check file names for null bytes, thus avoiding subtle bugs with silently using only the part of file name up to the first null byte. --- ** Frames +++ *** The key prefix 'C-x 5 5' displays next command buffer in a new frame. It's bound to the command 'other-frame-prefix' that requests the buffer of the next command to be displayed in a new frame. +++ *** New command 'clone-frame' (bound to 'C-x 5 c'). This is like 'C-x 5 2', but uses the frame parameters of the current frame instead of 'default-frame-alist'. --- *** Default values of 'frame-title-format' and 'icon-title-format' have changed. These variables are used to display the title bar of visible frames and the title bar of an iconified frame. They now show the name of the current buffer and the text "GNU Emacs" instead of the value of 'invocation-name'. To get the old behavior back, add the following to your init file: (setq frame-title-format '(multiple-frames "%b" ("" invocation-name "@" system-name))) +++ *** New frame parameter 'drag-with-tab-line'. This parameter, similar to 'drag-with-header-line', allows moving frames by dragging the tab lines of their topmost windows with the mouse. +++ *** New optional behavior of 'delete-other-frames'. When invoked with a prefix argument, 'delete-other-frames' now iconifies frames, rather than deleting them. --- *** Commands 'set-frame-width' and 'set-frame-height' now prompt for values. These commands now prompt for the value via the minibuffer, instead of requiring the user to specify the value via the prefix argument. ** Windows *** The key prefix 'C-x 4 1' displays next command buffer in the same window. It's bound to the command 'same-window-prefix' that requests the buffer of the next command to be displayed in the same window. *** The key prefix 'C-x 4 4' displays next command buffer in a new window. It's bound to the command 'other-window-prefix' that requests the buffer of the next command to be displayed in a new window. +++ *** New command 'recenter-other-window', bound to 'S-M-C-l'. Like 'recenter-top-bottom' acting on the other window. +++ *** New user option 'delete-window-choose-selected'. This allows to choose a window that will be the frame's selected window after deleting the currently selected one. +++ *** New argument NO-OTHER for some window functions. 'get-lru-window', 'get-mru-window' and 'get-largest-window' now accept a new optional argument NO-OTHER which, if non-nil, avoids returning a window whose 'no-other-window' parameter is non-nil. +++ *** New 'display-buffer' function 'display-buffer-use-least-recent-window'. This is like 'display-buffer-use-some-window', but won't reuse the current window, and when called repeatedly will try not to reuse a previously selected window. *** New function 'window-bump-use-time'. This updates the use time of a window. ** Minibuffer *** Minibuffer scrolling is now conservative by default. This is controlled by the new variable 'scroll-minibuffer-conservatively'. It is t by default; setting it to nil will cause scrolling in the minibuffer obey the value of 'scroll-conservatively'. +++ *** Improved handling of minibuffers on switching frames. By default, when you switch to another frame, an active minibuffer now moves to the newly selected frame. Nevertheless, the effect of what you type in the minibuffer happens in the frame where the minibuffer was first activated. An alternative behavior is available by customizing 'minibuffer-follows-selected-frame' to nil. Here, the minibuffer stays in the frame where you first opened it, and you must switch back to this frame to continue or abort its command. The old behavior, which mixed these two, can be approximated by customizing 'minibuffer-follows-selected-frame' to a value which is neither nil nor t. +++ *** New user option 'read-minibuffer-restore-windows'. When customized to nil, it uses 'minibuffer-restore-windows' in 'minibuffer-exit-hook' to remove only the window showing the "*Completions*" buffer. --- *** New variable 'redisplay-adhoc-scroll-in-resize-mini-windows'. Customizing it to nil will disable the ad-hoc auto-scrolling of minibuffer text shown in mini-windows when resizing those windows. The default heuristics of that scrolling can be counter productive in some corner cases, though the cure might be worse than the disease. This said, the effect should be negligible in the vast majority of cases anyway. ** Mode Line +++ *** New user option 'mode-line-compact'. If non-nil, repeating spaces are compressed into a single space. If 'long', this is only done when the mode line is longer than the current window width (in columns). +++ *** New user options to control format of line/column numbers in the mode line. 'mode-line-position-line-format' is the line number format (when 'line-number-mode' is on), 'mode-line-position-column-format' is the column number format (when 'column-number-mode' is on), and 'mode-line-position-column-line-format' is the combined format (when both modes are on). ** Tab Bars and Tab Lines *** The prefix key 'C-x t t' can be used to display a buffer in a new tab. Typing 'C-x t t' before a command will cause the buffer shown by that command to be displayed in a new tab. 'C-x t t" is bound to the command 'other-tab-prefix'. +++ *** New command 'C-x t C-r' to open file read-only in the other tab. *** The tab bar now supports more mouse commands. Clicking 'mouse-2' closes the tab, 'mouse-3' displays the context menu with items that operate on the clicked tab. Dragging the tab with 'mouse-1' moves it to another position on the tab bar. Mouse wheel scrolling switches to the previous/next tab, and holding the Shift key during scrolling moves the tab to the left/right. --- *** Frame-specific appearance of the tab bar when 'tab-bar-show' is a number. When 'tab-bar-show' is a number, the tab bar on different frames can be shown or hidden independently, as determined by the number of tabs on each frame compared to the numerical value of 'tab-bar-show'. --- *** New command 'toggle-frame-tab-bar'. It can be used to enable/disable the tab bar on the currently selected frame regardless of the values of 'tab-bar-mode' and 'tab-bar-show'. This allows to enable/disable the tab bar independently on different frames. --- *** New user option 'tab-bar-format' defines a list of tab bar items. When it contains 'tab-bar-format-global' (possibly appended after 'tab-bar-format-align-right'), then after enabling 'display-time-mode' (or any other mode that uses 'global-mode-string') it displays time aligned to the right on the tab bar instead of on the mode line. When 'tab-bar-format-tabs' is replaced with 'tab-bar-format-tabs-groups', the tab bar displays tab groups. --- *** New optional key binding for 'tab-last'. If you customize the variable 'tab-bar-select-tab-modifiers' for selecting tabs using its index numbers, the '-9' key is bound to 'tab-last', and switches to the last tab. Here is any of the modifiers in the list that is the value of 'tab-bar-select-tab-modifiers'. You can also use negative indices, which count from the last tab: -1 is the last tab, -2 the one before that, etc. --- *** New command 'tab-duplicate' bound to 'C-x t n'. --- *** 'C-x t N' creates a new tab at the specified absolute position. The position is provided as prefix arg, and specifies an index that starts at 1. Negative values count from the end of the tab bar. --- *** 'C-x t M' moves the current tab to the specified absolute position. The position is provided as prefix arg, whose interpretation is as in 'C-x t N'. --- *** 'C-x t G' assigns a tab to a named group of tabs. 'tab-close-group' closes all tabs that belong to the selected group. The user option 'tab-bar-new-tab-group' defines the default group of new tabs. After customizing 'tab-bar-tab-post-change-group-functions' to 'tab-bar-move-tab-to-group', changing the group of a tab will also move it closer to other tabs in the same group. --- *** New user option 'tab-bar-tab-name-format-function'. --- *** New user option 'tab-line-tab-name-format-function'. --- *** The tabs in the tab line can now be scrolled using horizontal scroll. If your mouse or trackpad supports it, you can now scroll tabs when the mouse pointer is in the tab line by scrolling left or right. --- *** New tab-line faces and options. The face 'tab-line-tab-special' is used for tabs whose buffers are special, i.e. buffers that don't visit a file. The face 'tab-line-tab-inactive-alternate' is used to display inactive tabs with an alternating background color, making them easier to distinguish, especially if the face 'tab-line-tab' is configured to not display with a box; this alternate face is only applied when the option 'tab-line-tab-face-functions' is so configured. That option may also be used to customize tab-line faces in other ways. ** Mouse wheel --- *** Mouse wheel scrolling now defaults to one line at a time. --- *** Mouse wheel scrolling now works on more parts of frame's display. When using 'mwheel-mode', the mouse wheel will now scroll also when the mouse cursor is on the scroll bars, fringes, margins, header line, and mode line. ('mwheel-mode' is enabled by default on most graphical displays.) +++ *** Mouse wheel scrolling with Shift modifier now scrolls horizontally. This works in text buffers and over images. Typing a numeric prefix arg (e.g. 'M-5') before starting horizontal scrolling changes its step value. The value is saved in the user option 'mouse-wheel-scroll-amount-horizontal'. ** Customize --- *** Customize buffers can now be reverted with 'C-x x g'. *** Most customize commands now hide obsolete user options. Obsolete user options are no longer shown in the listings produced by the commands 'customize', 'customize-group', 'customize-apropos' and 'customize-changed'. To customize obsolete user options, use 'customize-option' or 'customize-saved'. *** New SVG icons for checkboxes and arrows. They will be used automatically instead of the old icons. If Emacs is built without SVG support, the old icons will be used instead. ** Help --- *** The order things are displayed in the *Help* buffer has been changed. The indented "administrative" block (containing the "probably introduced" and "other relevant functions" (and similar things) has been moved to after the doc string. +++ *** New command 'describe-command' shows help for a command. This can be used instead of 'describe-function' for interactive commands and is globally bound to 'C-h x'. +++ *** New command 'describe-keymap' describes keybindings in a keymap. *** New command 'apropos-function'. This works like 'C-u M-x apropos-command' but is more discoverable. --- *** New keybinding 'C-h R' prompts for an Info manual and displays it. --- *** Keybindings in 'help-mode' use the new 'help-key-binding' face. This face is added by 'substitute-command-keys' to any "\[command]" substitution. The return value of that function should consequently be assumed to be a propertized string. Note that the new face will also be used in tooltips. When using the GTK toolkit, this is only true if 'x-gtk-use-system-tooltips' is t. +++ *** New user option 'help-enable-symbol-autoload'. If non-nil, displaying help for an autoloaded function whose 'autoload' form provides no documentation string will try to load the file it's from. This will give more extensive help for such functions. --- *** The 'help-for-help' ('C-h C-h') screen has been redesigned. +++ *** New convenience commands with short keys in the Help buffer. New command 'help-view-source' ('s') will view the source file (if any) of the current help topic. New command 'help-goto-info' ('i') will look up the current symbol (if any) in Info. New command 'help-customize' ('c') will customize the variable or the face (if any) whose doc string is being shown in the Help buffer. --- *** New user option 'describe-bindings-outline'. It enables outlines in the output buffer of 'describe-bindings' that can provide a better overview in a long list of available bindings. +++ *** New command 'lossage-size'. It allows users to change the maximum number of keystrokes and commands recorded for the purpose of 'view-lossage'. *** New commands to describe buttons and widgets. 'widget-describe' (on a widget) will pop up a help buffer and give a description of the properties. Likewise 'button-describe' does the same for a button. --- *** Improved "find definition" feature of "*Help*" buffers. Now clicking on the link to find the definition of functions generated by 'cl-defstruct', or variables generated by 'define-derived-mode', for example, will go to the exact place where they are defined. *** New commands 'apropos-next-symbol' and 'apropos-previous-symbol'. These new navigation commands are bound to 'n' and 'p' in 'apropos-mode'. --- *** The command 'view-lossage' can now be invoked from the menu bar. The menu bar "Help" menu now has a "Show Recent Inputs" item under the "Describe" sub-menu. --- *** Closing the "*Help*" buffer from the toolbar now buries the buffer. In previous Emacs versions, the "*Help*" buffer was killed instead when clicking the "X" icon in the tool bar. --- *** 'g' ('revert-buffer') in 'help-mode' no longer requires confirmation. ** File Locks +++ *** New user option 'lock-file-name-transforms'. This option allows controlling where lock files are written. It uses the same syntax as 'auto-save-file-name-transforms'. +++ *** New user option 'remote-file-name-inhibit-locks'. When non-nil, this option suppresses lock files for remote files. +++ *** New minor mode 'lock-file-mode'. This command, called interactively, toggles the local value of 'create-lockfiles' in the current buffer. ** Emacs Server +++ *** New user option 'server-client-instructions'. When emacsclient connects, Emacs will (by default) output a message about how to exit the client frame. If 'server-client-instructions' is set to nil, this message is inhibited. +++ *** New command 'server-edit-abort'. This command (not bound to any key by default) can be used to abort an edit instead of marking it as "Done" (which the 'C-x #' command does). The 'emacsclient' program exits with an abnormal status as result of this command. +++ *** New desktop integration for connecting to the server. If your operating system’s desktop environment is freedesktop.org-compatible (which is true of most GNU/Linux and other recent Unix-like desktops), you may use the new "Emacs (Client)" desktop menu entry to open files in an existing Emacs instance rather than starting a new one. The daemon starts if it is not already running. ** Miscellaneous +++ *** New command 'font-lock-update', bound to 'C-x x f'. This command updates the syntax highlighting in this buffer. +++ *** New command 'memory-report'. This command opens a new buffer called "*Memory Report*" and gives a summary of where Emacs is using memory currently. +++ *** New command 'submit-emacs-patch'. This works like 'report-emacs-bug', but is more geared towards sending patches to the Emacs issue tracker. *** New face 'apropos-button'. Applies to buttons that indicate a face. +++ *** New face 'font-lock-doc-markup-face'. Intended for documentation mark-up syntax and tags inside text that uses 'font-lock-doc-face', with which it should harmonize. It would typically be used in structured documentation comments in program source code by language-specific modes, for mark-up conventions like Haddock, Javadoc or Doxygen. By default this face inherits from 'font-lock-constant-face'. +++ *** New face 'flat-button'. This is a plain 2D button, but uses the background color instead of the foreground color. --- *** New face 'shortdoc-heading'. Applies to headings of shortdoc sections. --- *** New face 'separator-line'. This is used by 'make-separator-line' (see below). *** 'redisplay-skip-fontification-on-input' helps Emacs keep up with fast input. This is another attempt to solve the problem of handling high key repeat rate and other "slow scrolling" situations. It is hoped it behaves better than 'fast-but-imprecise-scrolling' and 'jit-lock-defer-time'. It is not enabled by default. *** Obsolete aliases are no longer hidden from command completion. Completion of command names now considers obsolete aliases as candidates, if they were marked obsolete in the current major version of Emacs. Invoking a command via an obsolete alias now mentions the obsolescence fact and shows the new name of the command. *** Support for '(box . SIZE)' 'cursor-type'. By default, 'box' cursor always has a filled box shape. But if you specify 'cursor-type' to be '(box . SIZE)', the cursor becomes a hollow box if the point is on an image larger than SIZE pixels in any dimension. +++ *** The user can now customize how "default" values are prompted for. The new utility function 'format-prompt' has been added which uses the new 'minibuffer-default-prompt-format' user option to format "default" prompts. This means that prompts that look like "Enter a number (default 10)" can be customized to look like, for instance, "Enter a number [10]", or not have the default displayed at all, like "Enter a number". (This only affects callers that were altered to use 'format-prompt'.) --- *** New help window when Emacs prompts before opening a large file. Commands like 'find-file' or 'visit-tags-table' ask to visit a file normally or literally when the file is larger than a certain size (by default, 9.5 MiB). Press '?' or 'C-h' in that prompt to read more about the different options to visit a file, how you can disable the prompt, and how you can tweak the file size threshold. +++ *** Emacs now defaults to UTF-8 instead of ISO-8859-1. This is only for the default, where the user has set no 'LANG' (or similar) variable or environment. This change should lead to no user-visible changes for normal usage. --- *** 'global-display-fill-column-indicator-mode' skips some buffers. By default, turning on 'global-display-fill-column-indicator-mode' doesn't turn on 'display-fill-column-indicator-mode' in special-mode buffers. This can be controlled by customizing the variable 'global-display-fill-column-indicator-modes'. +++ *** 'nobreak-char-display' now also affects all non-ASCII space characters. Previously, this was limited only to 'NO-BREAK SPACE' and hyphen characters. Now it also covers the rest of the non-ASCII Unicode space characters. +++ *** Improved support for terminal emulators that encode the Meta flag. Some terminal emulators set the 8th bit of Meta characters, and then encode the resulting character code as if it were non-ASCII character above codepoint 127. Previously, the only way of using these in Emacs was to set up the terminal emulator to use the 'ESC' characters to send Meta characters to Emacs, e.g., send "ESC x" when the user types 'M-x'. You can now avoid the need for this setup of such terminal emulators by using the new input-meta-mode with the special value 'encoded' with these terminal emulators. --- *** 'auto-composition-mode' can now be selectively disabled on some TTYs. Some text-mode terminals produce display glitches trying to compose characters. The 'auto-composition-mode' can now have a string value that names a terminal type; if the value returned by the 'tty-type' function compares equal with that string, automatic composition will be disabled in windows shown on that terminal. The Linux terminal sets this up by default. --- *** Support for the 'strike-through' face attribute on TTY frames. If your terminal's termcap or terminfo database entry has the 'smxx' capability defined, Emacs will now emit the prescribed escape sequences necessary to render faces with the 'strike-through' attribute on TTY frames. --- *** TTY menu navigation is now supported in 'xterm-mouse-mode'. TTY menus support mouse navigation and selection when 'xterm-mouse-mode' is active. When run on a terminal, clicking on the menu bar with the mouse now pops up a TTY menu by default instead of running the command 'tmm-menubar'. To restore the old behavior, set the user option 'tty-menu-open-use-tmm' to non-nil. --- *** 'M-x report-emacs-bug' will no longer include "Recent messages" section. These were taken from the "*Messages*" buffer, and may inadvertently leak information from the reporting user. --- *** 'C-u M-x dig' will now prompt for a query type to use. --- *** Rudimentary support for the 'st' terminal emulator. Emacs now supports 256 color display on the 'st' terminal emulator. +++ *** Update IRC-related references to point to Libera.Chat. The Free Software Foundation and the GNU Project have moved their official IRC channels from the Freenode network to Libera.Chat. For the original announcement and the follow-up update, including more details, see: https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/info-gnu/2021-06/msg00005.html https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/info-gnu/2021-06/msg00007.html Given the relocation of GNU and FSF's official IRC channels, as well as #emacs and various other Emacs-themed channels (see the link below) to Libera.Chat, IRC-related references in the Emacs repository have now been updated to point to Libera.Chat. https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/info-gnu-emacs/2021-06/msg00000.html * Editing Changes in Emacs 28.1 ** Input methods +++ *** Emacs now supports "transient" input methods. A transient input method is enabled for inserting a single character, and is then automatically disabled. 'C-x \' temporarily enables the selected transient input method. Use 'C-u C-x \' to select a transient input method (which can be different from the input method enabled by 'C-\'). For example, 'C-u C-x \ compose RET' selects the 'compose' input method; then typing 'C-x \ 1 2' will insert the character '½', and disable the 'compose' input method afterwards. You can use 'C-x \' in incremental search to insert a single character to the search string. --- *** New input method 'compose' based on X Multi_key sequences. --- *** New input method 'iso-transl' with the same keys as 'C-x 8'. After selecting it as a transient input method with 'C-u C-x \ iso-transl RET', it supports the same key sequences as 'C-x 8', so e.g. like 'C-x 8 [' inserts a left single quotation mark, 'C-x \ [' does the same. --- *** New user option 'read-char-by-name-sort'. It defines the sorting order of characters for completion of 'C-x 8 RET TAB' and can be customized to sort them by codepoints instead of character names. Additionally, you can group characters by Unicode blocks after customizing 'completions-group' and 'completions-group-sort'. --- *** Improved language transliteration in Malayalam input methods. Added a new Mozhi scheme. The inapplicable ITRANS scheme is now deprecated. Errors in the Inscript method were corrected. --- *** New input method 'cham'. There's also a Cham greeting in "etc/HELLO". --- *** New input methods for Lakota language orthographies. Two orthographies are represented here, the Suggested Lakota Orthography and what is known as the White Hat Orthography. Input methods 'lakota-slo-prefix', 'lakota-slo-postfix', and 'lakota-white-hat-postfix' have been added. There is also a Lakota greeting in "etc/HELLO". +++ ** Standalone 'M-y' allows interactive selection from previous kills. 'M-y' can now be typed after a command that is not a yank command. When invoked like that, it prompts in the minibuffer for one of the previous kills, offering completion and minibuffer-history navigation through previous kills recorded in the kill ring. A similar feature in Isearch can be invoked if you bind 'C-s M-y' to the command 'isearch-yank-pop'. When the user option 'yank-from-kill-ring-rotate' is nil the kill ring is not rotated after 'yank-from-kill-ring'. +++ ** New user option 'word-wrap-by-category'. When word-wrap is enabled, and this option is non-nil, that allows Emacs to break lines after more characters than just whitespace characters. In particular, this significantly improves word-wrapping for CJK text mixed with Latin text. +++ ** New command 'undo-redo'. It undoes previous undo commands, but doesn't record itself as an undoable command. +++ ** New commands 'copy-matching-lines' and 'kill-matching-lines'. These commands are similar to the command 'flush-lines', but add the matching lines to the kill ring as a single string, including the newlines that separate the lines. +++ ** New user option 'kill-transform-function'. This can be used to transform (and suppress) strings from entering the kill ring. +++ ** 'save-interprogram-paste-before-kill' can now be a number. In that case, it's interpreted as a limit on the size of the clipboard data that will be saved to the 'kill-ring' prior to killing text: if the size of the clipboard data is greater than or equal to the limit, it will not be saved. +++ ** New user option 'tab-first-completion'. If 'tab-always-indent' is 'complete', this new user option can be used to further tweak whether to complete or indent. --- ** 'indent-tabs-mode' is now a global minor mode instead of just a variable. --- ** New choice 'permanent' for 'shift-select-mode'. When the mark was activated by shifted motion keys, non-shifted motion keys don't deactivate the mark after customizing 'shift-select-mode' to 'permanent'. +++ ** The "Edit => Clear" menu item now obeys a rectangular region. +++ ** New command 'revert-buffer-with-fine-grain'. Revert a buffer trying to be as non-destructive as possible, preserving markers, properties and overlays. The new variable 'revert-buffer-with-fine-grain-max-seconds' specifies the maximum number of seconds that 'revert-buffer-with-fine-grain' should spend trying to be non-destructive. +++ ** New command 'revert-buffer-quick'. This is bound to 'C-x x g' and is like 'revert-buffer', but prompts less. +++ ** New user option 'revert-buffer-quick-short-answers'. This controls how the new 'revert-buffer-quick' ('C-x x g') command prompts. +++ ** New user option 'query-about-changed-file'. If non-nil (the default), Emacs prompts as before when re-visiting a file that has changed externally after it was visited the first time. If nil, Emacs does not prompt, but instead shows the buffer with its contents before the change, and provides instructions how to revert the buffer. ** New value 'save-some-buffers-root' of 'save-some-buffers-default-predicate'. They allow to ask about saving only those files that are under the project root or in subdirectories of the directory that was default during command invocation. --- ** New user option 'save-place-abbreviate-file-names'. This can simplify sharing the 'save-place-file' file across different hosts. --- ** New user options 'copy-region-blink-delay' and 'delete-pair-blink-delay'. 'copy-region-blink-delay' specifies a delay to indicate the region copied by 'kill-ring-save'. 'delete-pair-blink-delay' specifies a delay to show the paired character to delete. --- ** 'zap-up-to-char' now uses 'read-char-from-minibuffer'. This allows navigating through the history of characters that have been input. This is mostly useful for characters that have complex input methods where inputting the character again may involve many keystrokes. +++ ** Input history for 'goto-line' can now be made local to every buffer. In any event, line numbers used with 'goto-line' are kept in their own history list. This should help make faster the process of finding line numbers that were previously jumped to. By default, all buffers share a single history list. To make every buffer have its own history list, customize the user option 'goto-line-history-local'. +++ ** New command 'goto-line-relative' for use in a narrowed buffer. It moves point to the line relative to the accessible portion of the narrowed buffer. 'M-g M-g' in Info is rebound to this command. When 'widen-automatically' is non-nil, 'goto-line' widens the narrowed buffer to be able to move point to the inaccessible portion. 'goto-line-relative' is bound to 'C-x n g'. +++ ** 'got-char' prompts for the character position. When called interactively, 'goto-char' now offers the position at point as the default. ** Autosaving via 'auto-save-visited-mode' can now be inhibited. Set the variable 'auto-save-visited-mode' buffer-locally to nil to achieve that. +++ ** New command 'C-x C-k Q' to force redisplay in keyboard macros. ** 'blink-cursor-mode' is now enabled by default regardless of the UI. It used to be enabled when Emacs is started in GUI mode but not when started in text mode. The cursor still only actually blinks in GUI frames. ** New minor mode 'show-paren-local-mode'. It serves as a local counterpart for 'show-paren-mode', allowing you to toggle it separately in different buffers. * Changes in Specialized Modes and Packages in Emacs 28.1 ** Isearch and Replace +++ *** Interactive regular expression search now uses faces for sub-groups. E.g., 'C-M-s foo-\([0-9]+\)' will now use the 'isearch-group-1' face on the part of the regexp that matches the sub-expression "[0-9]+". By default, there are two faces for sub-group highlighting, but you can define more faces whose names are of the form 'isearch-group-N', where N are successive numbers above 2. This is controlled by the 'search-highlight-submatches' user option. This feature is available only on terminals that have enough colors to distinguish between sub-expression highlighting. +++ *** Interactive regular expression replace now uses faces for sub-groups. Like 'search-highlight-submatches', this is controlled by the new user option 'query-replace-highlight-submatches'. *** New user option 'isearch-wrap-pause' defines how to wrap the search. There are choices to disable wrapping completely and to wrap immediately. When wrapping immediately, it consistently handles the numeric arguments of 'C-s' ('isearch-repeat-forward') and 'C-r' ('isearch-repeat-backward'), continuing with the remaining count after wrapping. +++ *** New user option 'isearch-repeat-on-direction-change'. When this option is set, direction changes in Isearch move to another search match, if there is one, instead of moving point to the other end of the current match. *** New key 'M-s M-.' starts isearch looking for the thing at point. This key is bound to the new command 'isearch-forward-thing-at-point'. The new user option 'isearch-forward-thing-at-point' defines a list of symbols to try to get the "thing" at point. By default, the first element of the list is 'region' that tries to yank the currently active region to the search string. +++ *** New user option 'lazy-highlight-no-delay-length'. Lazy highlighting of matches in Isearch now starts immediately if the search string is at least this long. 'lazy-highlight-initial-delay' still applies for shorter search strings, which avoids flicker in the search buffer due to too many matches being highlighted. --- *** The default 'search-whitespace-regexp' value has changed. This used to be "\\s-+", which meant that it was mode-dependent whether newlines were included in the whitespace set. This has now been changed to only match spaces and tab characters. ** Dired +++ *** New user option 'dired-kill-when-opening-new-dired-buffer'. If non-nil, Dired will kill the current buffer when selecting a new directory to display. +++ *** Behavior change on 'dired-do-chmod'. As a security precaution, Dired's M command no longer follows symbolic links. Instead, it changes the symbolic link's own mode; this always fails on platforms where such modes are immutable. --- *** Behavior change on 'dired-clean-confirm-killing-deleted-buffers'. Previously, if 'dired-clean-up-buffers-too' was non-nil, and 'dired-clean-confirm-killing-deleted-buffers' was nil, the buffers wouldn't be killed. This combination will now kill the buffers. +++ *** New user option 'dired-switches-in-mode-line'. This user option controls how 'ls' switches are displayed in the mode line, and allows truncating them (to preserve space on the mode line) or showing them literally, either instead of, or in addition to, displaying "by name" or "by date" sort order. +++ *** New user option 'dired-compress-directory-default-suffix'. This user option controls default suffix for compressing a directory. If it's nil, ".tar.gz" will be used. Refer to 'dired-compress-files-alist' for a list of supported suffixes. +++ *** New user option 'dired-compress-file-default-suffix'. This user option controls the default suffix for compressing files. If it's nil, ".gz" will be used. Refer to 'dired-compress-file-alist' for a list of supported suffixes. --- *** Broken and circular links are shown with the 'dired-broken-symlink' face. *** '=' ('dired-diff') will now put all backup files into the 'M-n' history. When using '=' on a file with backup files, the default file to use for diffing is the newest backup file. You can now use 'M-n' to quickly select a different backup file instead. +++ *** New user option 'dired-maybe-use-globstar'. If set, enables globstar (recursive globbing) in shells that support this feature, but turn it off by default. This allows producing directory listings with files matching a wildcard in all the subdirectories of a given directory. The new variable 'dired-enable-globstar-in-shell' lists which shells can have globstar enabled, and how to enable it. +++ *** New user option 'dired-copy-dereference'. If set to non-nil, Dired will dereference symbolic links when copying. This can be switched off on a per-usage basis by providing 'dired-do-copy' with a 'C-u' prefix. *** New user option 'dired-do-revert-buffer'. Non-nil reverts the destination Dired buffer after performing one of these operations: 'dired-do-copy', 'dired-do-rename', 'dired-do-symlink', 'dired-do-hardlink'. *** New user option 'dired-mark-region'. This option affects all Dired commands that mark files. When non-nil and the region is active in Transient Mark mode, then Dired commands operate only on files in the active region. The values 'file' and 'line' of this user option define the details of marking the file at the end of the region. *** State changing VC operations are supported in Dired. These operations are supported on files and directories via the new command 'dired-vc-next-action'. +++ *** 'dired-jump' and 'dired-jump-other-window' moved from 'dired-x' to 'dired'. The 'dired-jump' and 'dired-jump-other-window' commands have been moved from the 'dired-x' package to 'dired'. The user option 'dired-bind-jump' no longer has any effect and is now obsolete. The commands are now bound to 'C-x C-j' and 'C-x 4 C-j' by default. To get the old behavior of 'dired-bind-jump' back and unbind the above keys, add the following to your init file: (global-set-key "\C-x\C-j" nil) (global-set-key "\C-x4\C-j" nil) --- *** 'dired-query' now uses 'read-char-from-minibuffer'. Using it instead of 'read-char-choice' allows using 'C-x o' to switch to the help window displayed after typing 'C-h'. --- *** 'dired-compress-file' now queries for a directory to uncompress to. +++ ** New user option 'isearch-allow-motion'. When 'isearch-allow-motion' is set, the commands 'beginning-of-buffer', 'end-of-buffer', 'scroll-up-command' and 'scroll-down-command', when invoked during I-search, move respectively to the first occurrence of the current search string in the buffer, the last one, the first one after the current window, and the last one before the current window. Additionally, users can change the meaning of other motion commands during I-search by using their 'isearch-motion' property. The option 'isearch-motion-changes-direction' controls whether the direction of the search changes after a motion command. ** Outline +++ *** New commands to cycle heading visibility. Typing 'TAB' on a heading line cycles the current section between "hide all", "subheadings", and "show all" states. Typing 'S-TAB' anywhere in the buffer cycles the whole buffer between "only top-level headings", "all headings and subheadings", and "show all" states. +++ *** New user option 'outline-minor-mode-cycle'. This user option customizes 'outline-minor-mode', with the difference that 'TAB' and 'S-TAB' on heading lines cycle heading visibility. Typing 'TAB' on a heading line cycles the current section between "hide all", "subheadings", and "show all" states. Typing 'S-TAB' on a heading line cycles the whole buffer between "only top-level headings", "all headings and subheadings", and "show all" states. --- *** New user option 'outline-minor-mode-highlight'. This user option customizes 'outline-minor-mode'. It puts highlighting on heading lines using standard outline faces. This works well only when there are no conflicts with faces used by the major mode. ** Ispell +++ *** 'ispell-comments-and-strings' now accepts START and END arguments. These arguments default to active region when used interactively. +++ *** New command 'ispell-comment-or-string-at-point'. ** Flyspell mode +++ *** Corrections and actions menu can be optionally bound to 'mouse-3'. When Flyspell mode highlights a word as misspelled, you can click on it to display a menu of possible corrections and actions. You can now easily bind this menu to 'down-mouse-3' (usually the right mouse button) instead of 'mouse-2' (the default) by enabling 'context-menu-mode'. --- *** The current dictionary is now displayed in the minor mode lighter. Clicking the dictionary name changes the current dictionary. ** Package *** The new NonGNU ELPA archive is enabled by default alongside GNU ELPA. Thus, packages on NonGNU ELPA will appear by default in the list shown by 'list-packages'. --- *** '/ s' ('package-menu-filter-by-status') changed parameter handling. The command was documented to take a comma-separated list of statuses to filter by, but instead it used the parameter as a regexp. The command has been changed so that it now works as documented, and checks statuses not as a regexp, but instead an exact match from the comma-separated list. +++ *** New command 'package-browse-url' and keystroke 'w'. +++ *** New commands to filter the package list. The filter commands are bound to the following keys: key binding --- ------- / a package-menu-filter-by-archive / d package-menu-filter-by-description / k package-menu-filter-by-keyword / N package-menu-filter-by-name-or-description / n package-menu-filter-by-name / s package-menu-filter-by-status / v package-menu-filter-by-version / m package-menu-filter-marked / u package-menu-filter-upgradable / / package-menu-filter-clear *** Option to automatically native-compile packages upon installation. Customize the user option 'package-native-compile' to enable automatic native compilation of packages when they are installed. That option is nil by default; if set non-nil, and if your Emacs was built with native-compilation support, each package will be natively compiled when it is installed, by invoking an asynchronous Emacs subprocess to run the native-compilation of the package files. (Be sure to leave Emacs running until these asynchronous subprocesses exit, or else the native-compilation will be aborted when you exit Emacs.) --- *** Column widths in 'list-packages' display can now be customized. See the new user options 'package-name-column-width', 'package-version-column-width', 'package-status-column-width', and 'package-archive-column-width'. ** Info --- *** New user option 'Info-warn-on-index-alternatives-wrap'. This option affects what happens when using the ',' command after looking up an entry with 'i' in info buffers. If non-nil (the default), the ',' command will now display a warning when proceeding beyond the final index match, and tapping ',' once more will then take you to the first match. ** Abbrev mode +++ *** Emacs can now suggest to use an abbrev based on text you type. A new user option, 'abbrev-suggest', enables the new abbrev suggestion feature. When enabled, if a user manually types a piece of text that could have saved enough typing by using an abbrev, a hint will be displayed in the echo area, mentioning the abbrev that could have been used instead. ** Bookmarks *** Bookmarks can now be targets for new tabs. When the bookmark.el library is loaded, a customize choice is added to 'tab-bar-new-tab-choice' for new tabs to show the bookmark list. --- *** The 'list-bookmarks' menu is now based on 'tabulated-list-mode'. The interactive bookmark list will now benefit from features in 'tabulated-list-mode' like sorting columns or changing column width. Support for the optional "inline" header line, allowing for a header without using 'header-line-format', has been dropped. Consequently, the variables 'bookmark-bmenu-use-header-line' and 'bookmark-bmenu-inline-header-height' are now declared obsolete. --- *** New user option 'bookmark-set-fringe-mark'. If non-nil, setting a bookmark will set a fringe mark on the current line, and jumping to a bookmark will also set this mark. --- *** New user option 'bookmark-menu-confirm-deletion'. In Bookmark Menu mode, Emacs by default does not prompt for confirmation when you type 'x' to execute the deletion of bookmarks that have been marked for deletion. However, if this new option is non-nil then Emacs will require confirmation with 'yes-or-no-p' before deleting. ** Recentf --- *** The recentf files are no longer backed up. --- *** 'recentf-auto-cleanup' now repeats daily when set to a time string. When 'recentf-auto-cleanup' is set to a time string, it now repeats every day, rather than only running once after the mode is turned on. ** Calc --- *** The behavior when doing forward-delete has been changed. Previously, using the 'C-d' command would delete the final number in the input field, no matter where point was. This has been changed to work more traditionally, with 'C-d' deleting the next character. Likewise, point isn't moved to the end of the string before inserting digits. +++ *** Setting the word size to zero disables word clipping. The word size normally clips the results of certain bit-oriented operations such as shifts and bitwise XOR. A word size of zero, set by 'b w', makes the operation have effect on the whole argument values and the result is not truncated in any way. --- *** The '/' operator now has higher precedence in (La)TeX input mode. It no longer has lower precedence than '+' and '-'. --- *** Calc now marks its windows dedicated. The new user option 'calc-make-windows-dedicated' controls this. It is t by default; set to nil to get back the old behavior. ** Calendar +++ *** New user option 'calendar-time-zone-style'. If 'numeric', calendar functions (eg 'calendar-sunrise-sunset') that display time zones will use a form like "+0100" instead of "CET". ** ido --- *** Switching on 'ido-mode' now also overrides 'ffap-file-finder'. --- *** Killing virtual ido buffers interactively will make them go away. Previously, killing a virtual ido buffer with 'ido-kill-buffer' didn't do anything. This has now been changed, and killing virtual buffers with that command will remove the buffer from recentf. ** So Long --- *** New 'so-long-predicate' function 'so-long-statistics-excessive-p'. It efficiently detects the presence of a long line anywhere in the buffer using 'buffer-line-statistics' (see above). This is now the default predicate (replacing 'so-long-detected-long-line-p'). --- *** Default values 'so-long-threshold' and 'so-long-max-lines' increased. The values of these variables have been raised to 10000 bytes and 500 lines respectively, to reduce the likelihood of false-positives when 'global-so-long-mode' is enabled. The latter value is now only used by the old predicate, as the new predicate knows the longest line in the entire buffer. --- *** 'so-long-target-modes' now includes 'fundamental-mode' by default. This means that 'global-so-long-mode' will also process files which were not recognised. (This only has an effect if 'set-auto-mode' chooses 'fundamental-mode'; buffers which are simply in 'fundamental-mode' by default are unaffected.) --- *** New user options to preserve modes and variables. The new options 'so-long-mode-preserved-minor-modes' and 'so-long-mode-preserved-variables' allow specified mode and variable states to be maintained if 'so-long-mode' replaces the original major mode. By default, these new options support 'view-mode'. ** Grep +++ *** New user option 'grep-match-regexp' matches grep markers to highlight. Grep emits SGR ANSI escape sequences to color its output. The new user option 'grep-match-regexp' holds the regular expression to match the appropriate markers in order to provide highlighting in the source buffer. The user option can be customized to accommodate other grep-like tools. --- *** The 'lgrep' command now ignores directories. On systems where the grep command supports it, directories will be skipped. *** Commands that use 'grep-find' now follow symlinks for command-line args. This is because the default value of 'grep-find-template' now includes the 'find' option '-H'. Commands that use that variable, including indirectly via a call to 'xref-matches-in-directory', might be affected. In particular, there should be no need anymore to ensure any directory names on the 'find' command lines end in a slash. This change is for better compatibility with old versions of non-GNU 'find', such as the one used on macOS. --- *** New utility function 'grep-file-at-point'. This returns the name of the file at point (if any) in 'grep-mode' buffers. ** Shell --- *** New command in 'shell-mode': 'narrow-to-prompt'. This is bound to 'C-x n d' in 'shell-mode' buffers, and narrows to the command line under point (and any following output). --- *** New user option 'shell-has-auto-cd'. If non-nil, 'shell-mode' handles implicit "cd" commands, changing the directory if the command is a directory. Useful for shells like "zsh" that has this feature. ** term-mode --- *** New user option 'term-scroll-snap-to-bottom'. By default, 'term' and 'ansi-term' will now recenter the buffer so that the prompt is on the final line in the window. Setting this new user option to nil inhibits this behavior. --- *** New user option 'term-set-terminal-size' If non-nil, the 'LINES' and 'COLUMNS' environment variables will be set based on the current window size. In previous versions of Emacs, this was always done (and that could lead to odd displays when resizing the window after starting). This variable defaults to nil. ** Eshell --- *** 'eshell-hist-ignoredups' can now also be used to mimic "erasedups" in bash. --- *** Environment variable 'INSIDE_EMACS' is now copied to subprocesses. Its value contains the result of evaluating '(format "%s,eshell" emacs-version)'. Other package names, like "tramp", could also be included. --- *** Eshell no longer re-initializes its keymap every call. This allows users to use (define-key eshell-mode-map ...) as usual. Some modules have their own minor mode now to account for these changes. ** Archive mode --- *** Archive Mode can now parse ".squashfs" files. *** Can now modify members of 'ar' archives. *** Display of summaries is unified between backends. *** New user option and command to control displayed columns. New user option 'archive-hidden-columns' and new command 'archive-hideshow-column' let you control which columns are displayed and which are kept hidden. --- *** New command bound to 'C': 'archive-copy-file'. This command extracts the file at point and writes its data to a file. ** browse-url *** Added support for custom URL handlers. There is a new variable 'browse-url-default-handlers' and a user option 'browse-url-handlers' being alists with '(REGEXP-OR-PREDICATE . FUNCTION)' entries allowing to define different browsing FUNCTIONs depending on the URL to be browsed. The variable is for default handlers provided by Emacs itself or external packages, the user option is for the user (and allows for overriding the default handlers). Formerly, one could do the same by setting 'browse-url-browser-function' to such an alist. This usage is still supported but deprecated. *** Categorization of browsing commands into internal vs. external. All standard browsing commands such as 'browse-url-firefox', 'browse-url-mail', or 'eww' have been categorized into internal (URL is browsed in Emacs) or external (an external application is spawned with the URL). This is done by adding a 'browse-url-browser-kind' symbol property to the browsing commands. With a new command 'browse-url-with-browser-kind', an URL can explicitly be browsed with either an internal or external browser. --- *** Support for browsing of remote files. If a remote file is specified, a local temporary copy of that file is passed to the browser. *** Support for the conkeror browser is now obsolete. *** Support for the Mosaic browser has been removed. This support has been obsolete since 25.1. ** Completion List Mode *** Improved navigation in the "*Completions*" buffer. New key bindings have been added to 'completion-list-mode': 'n' and 'p' now navigate completions, and 'M-g M-c' switches to the minibuffer and back to the completion list buffer. +++ ** profiler.el The results displayed by 'profiler-report' now have the usage figures at the left hand side followed by the function name. This is intended to make better use of the horizontal space, in particular eliminating the truncation of function names. There is no way to get the former layout back. ** Python mode --- *** New user option 'python-forward-sexp-function'. This allows the user easier customization of whether to use block-based navigation or not. --- *** 'python-shell-interpreter' now defaults to python3 on systems with python3. --- *** 'C-c C-r' can now be used on arbitrary regions. The command previously extended the start of the region to the start of the line, but will now actually send the marked region, as documented. ** Perl mode --- *** New face 'perl-non-scalar-variable'. This is used to fontify non-scalar variables. ** Icomplete --- *** New user option 'icomplete-matches-format'. This allows controlling the current/total number of matches for the prompt prefix. +++ *** New minor modes 'icomplete-vertical-mode' and 'fido-vertical-mode'. These modes modify Icomplete ('M-x icomplete-mode') and Fido ('M-x fido-mode'), to display completion candidates vertically instead of horizontally. In Icomplete, completions are rotated and selection kept at the top. In Fido, completions scroll like a typical dropdown widget. Both these new minor modes will turn on their non-vertical counterparts first, if they are not on already. --- *** Default value of 'icomplete-compute-delay' has been changed to 0.15 s. --- *** Default value of 'icomplete-max-delay-chars' has been changed to 2. --- *** Reduced blinking while completing the next completions set. Icomplete doesn't hide the hint with the previously computed completions anymore when compute delay is in effect, or the previous computation has been aborted by input. Instead it shows the previous completions until the new ones are ready. --- *** Change in meaning of 'icomplete-show-matches-on-no-input'. Previously, choosing a different completion with commands like 'C-.' and then hitting 'RET' would choose the default completion. Doing this will now choose the completion under point instead. Also when this option is nil, completions are not shown when the minibuffer reads a file name with initial input as the default directory. ** Windmove +++ *** New user options to customize windmove keybindings. These options include 'windmove-default-keybindings', 'windmove-display-default-keybindings', 'windmove-delete-default-keybindings', 'windmove-swap-states-default-keybindings'. ** Occur mode *** New bindings in occur-mode. The command 'next-error-no-select' is now bound to 'n' and 'previous-error-no-select' is bound to 'p'. *** The new command 'recenter-current-error'. It is bound to 'l' in Occur or compilation buffers, and recenters the current displayed occurrence/error. *** Matches in target buffers are now highlighted as in 'compilation-mode'. The method of highlighting is specified by the user options 'next-error-highlight' and 'next-error-highlight-no-select'. --- *** A fringe arrow in the "*Occur*" buffer indicates the selected match. --- *** Occur mode may use a different type for 'occur-target' property values. The value was previously always a marker set to the start of the first match on the line but can now also be a list of '(BEGIN . END)' pairs of markers delimiting each match on the line. This is a fully compatible change to the internal occur-mode implementation, and code creating their own occur-mode buffers will work as before. ** Emacs Lisp mode *** The mode-line now indicates whether we're using lexical or dynamic scoping. *** A space between an open paren and a symbol changes the indentation rule. The presence of a space between an open paren and a symbol now is taken as a statement by the programmer that this should be indented as a data list rather than as a piece of code. ** Lisp Mode *** New minor mode 'cl-font-lock-built-in-mode' for 'lisp-mode'. The mode provides refined highlighting of built-in functions, types, and variables. --- *** Lisp mode now uses 'common-lisp-indent-function'. To revert to the previous behavior, '(setq lisp-indent-function 'lisp-indent-function)' from 'lisp-mode-hook'. ** Change Logs and VC +++ *** 'vc-revert-show-diff' now has a third possible value: 'kill'. If this user option is 'kill', then the diff buffer will be killed after the 'vc-revert' action instead of buried. *** More VC commands can be used from non-file buffers. The relevant commands are those that don't change the VC state. The non-file buffers which can use VC commands are those that have their 'default-directory' under VC. *** New command 'vc-dir-root' uses the root directory without asking. --- *** New face 'log-view-commit-body'. This is used when expanding commit messages from 'vc-print-root-log' and similar commands. --- *** New faces for 'vc-dir' buffers. Those are: 'vc-dir-header', 'vc-dir-header-value', 'vc-dir-directory', 'vc-dir-file', 'vc-dir-mark-indicator', 'vc-dir-status-warning', 'vc-dir-status-edited', 'vc-dir-status-up-to-date', 'vc-dir-status-ignored'. --- *** The responsible VC backend is now the most specific one. 'vc-responsible-backend' loops over the backends in 'vc-handled-backends' to determine which backend is responsible for a specific (unregistered) file. Previously, the first matching backend was chosen, but now the one with the most specific path is chosen (in case there's a directory handled by one backend inside another). *** New commands 'vc-dir-mark-registered-files' (bound to '* r') and 'vc-dir-mark-unregistered-files'. *** Support for bookmark.el. Bookmark locations can refer to VC directory buffers. --- *** New user option 'vc-hg-create-bookmark'. It controls whether a bookmark or branch will be created when you invoke 'C-u C-x v s' ('vc-create-tag'). --- *** 'vc-hg' now uses 'hg summary' to populate extra 'vc-dir' headers. --- *** New user option 'vc-git-revision-complete-only-branches'. If non-nil, only branches and remotes are considered when doing completion over Git branch names. The default is nil, which causes tags to be considered as well. --- *** New user option 'vc-git-log-switches'. String or list of strings specifying switches for Git log under VC. ** Gnus +++ *** New user option 'gnus-topic-display-predicate'. This can be used to inhibit the display of some topics completely. +++ *** nnimap now supports the oauth2.el library. +++ *** New Summary buffer sort options for extra headers. The extra header sort option ('C-c C-s C-x') prompts for a header and fails if no sort function has been defined. Sorting by Newsgroups ('C-c C-s C-u') has been pre-defined. +++ *** The '#' command in the Group and Summary buffer now toggles, instead of sets, the process mark. +++ *** New user option 'gnus-process-mark-toggle'. If non-nil (the default), the '#' command in the Group and Summary buffers will toggle, instead of set, the process mark. +++ *** New user option 'gnus-registry-register-all'. If non-nil (the default), create registry entries for all messages. If nil, don't automatically create entries, they must be created manually. +++ *** New user options to customise the summary line specs "%[" and "%]". Four new options introduced in customisation group 'gnus-summary-format'. These are 'gnus-sum-opening-bracket', 'gnus-sum-closing-bracket', 'gnus-sum-opening-bracket-adopted', and 'gnus-sum-closing-bracket-adopted'. Their default values are "[", "]", "<", ">" respectively. These options control the appearance of "%[" and "%]" specs in the summary line format. "%[" will normally display the value of 'gnus-sum-opening-bracket', but can also be 'gnus-sum-opening-bracket-adopted' for the adopted articles. "%]" will normally display the value of 'gnus-sum-closing-bracket', but can also be 'gnus-sum-closing-bracket-adopted' for the adopted articles. +++ *** New user option 'gnus-paging-select-next'. This controls what happens when using commands like 'SPC' and 'DEL' to page the current article. If non-nil (the default), go to the next/prev article, but if nil, do nothing at the end/start of the article. +++ *** New gnus-search library. A new unified search syntax which can be used across multiple supported search engines. Set 'gnus-search-use-parsed-queries' to non-nil to enable. +++ *** New value for user option 'smiley-style'. Smileys can now be rendered with emojis instead of small images when using the new 'emoji' value in 'smiley-style'. +++ *** New user option 'gnus-agent-eagerly-store-articles'. If non-nil (which is the default), the Gnus Agent will store all read articles in the Agent cache. +++ *** New user option 'gnus-global-groups'. Gnus handles private groups differently from public (i.e., NNTP-like) groups. Most importantly, Gnus doesn't download external images from mail-like groups. This can be overridden by putting group names in 'gnus-global-groups': Any group present in that list will be treated like a public group. +++ *** New scoring types for the Date header. You can now score based on the relative age of an article with the new '<' and '>' date scoring types. +++ *** User-defined scoring is now possible. The new type is 'score-fn'. More information in the Gnus manual node "(gnus) Score File Format". +++ *** New backend 'nnselect'. The newly added 'nnselect' backend allows creating groups from an arbitrary list of articles that may come from multiple groups and servers. These groups generally behave like any other group: they may be ephemeral or persistent, and allow article marking, moving, deletion, etc. 'nnselect' groups may be created like any other group, but there are three convenience functions for the common case of obtaining the list of articles as a result of a search: 'gnus-group-make-search-group' ('G g') that will prompt for an 'nnir' search query and create a persistent group for that search; 'gnus-group-read-ephemeral-search-group' ('G G') that will prompt for an 'nnir' search query and create an ephemeral group for that search; and 'gnus-summary-make-group-from-search' ('C-c C-p') that will create a persistent group with the search parameters of a current ephemeral search group. As part of this addition, the user option 'nnir-summary-line-format' has been removed; its functionality is now available directly in the 'gnus-summary-line-format' specs '%G' and '%g'. The user option 'gnus-refer-thread-use-nnir' has been renamed to 'gnus-refer-thread-use-search'. +++ *** New user option 'gnus-dbus-close-on-sleep'. On systems with D-Bus support, it is now possible to register a signal to close all Gnus servers before the system sleeps. +++ *** The key binding of 'gnus-summary-search-article-forward' has changed. This command was previously on 'M-s' and shadowed the global 'M-s' search prefix. The command has now been moved to 'M-s M-s'. (For consistency, the 'M-s M-r' key binding has been added for the 'gnus-summary-search-article-backward' command.) --- *** The value of "all" in the 'large-newsgroup-initial' group parameter changes. It was previously nil, which didn't work, because nil is indistinguishable from not being present. The new value for "all" is the symbol 'all'. +++ *** The name of dependent Gnus sessions has changed from "slave" to "child". The names of the commands 'gnus-slave', 'gnus-slave-no-server' and 'gnus-slave-unplugged' have changed to 'gnus-child', 'gnus-child-no-server' and 'gnus-child-unplugged' respectively. +++ *** The 'W Q' summary mode command now takes a numerical prefix to allow adjusting the fill width. +++ *** New variable 'mm-inline-font-lock'. This variable is supposed to be bound by callers to determine whether inline MIME parts (that support it) are supposed to be font-locked or not. ** Message --- *** Respect 'message-forward-ignored-headers' more. Previously, this user option would not be consulted if 'message-forward-show-mml' was nil and forwarding as MIME. +++ *** New user option 'message-forward-included-mime-headers'. This is used when forwarding messages as MIME, but not using MML. +++ *** Message now supports the OpenPGP header. To generate these headers, add the new function 'message-add-openpgp-header' to 'message-send-hook'. The header will be generated according to the new 'message-openpgp-header' variable. --- *** A change to how "Mail-Copies-To: never" is handled. If a user has specified "Mail-Copies-To: never", and Message was asked to do a "wide reply", some other arbitrary recipient would end up in the resulting "To" header, while the remaining recipients would be put in the "Cc" header. This is somewhat misleading, as it looks like you're responding to a specific person in particular. This has been changed so that all the recipients are put in the "To" header in these instances. +++ *** New command to start Emacs in Message mode to send an email. Emacs can be defined as a handler for the "x-scheme-handler/mailto" MIME type with the following command: "emacs -f message-mailto %u". An "emacs-mail.desktop" file has been included, suitable for installing in desktop directories like "/usr/share/applications" or "~/.local/share/applications". Clicking on a 'mailto:' link in other applications will then open Emacs with headers filled out according to the link, e.g. "mailto:larsi@gnus.org?subject=This+is+a+test". If you prefer emacsclient, use "emacsclient -e '(message-mailto "%u")'" or "emacsclient-mail.desktop". --- *** Change to default value of 'message-draft-headers' user option. The 'Date' symbol has been removed from the default value, meaning that draft or delayed messages will get a date reflecting when the message was sent. To restore the original behavior of dating a message from when it is first saved or delayed, add the symbol 'Date' back to this user option. +++ *** New command to take screenshots. In Message mode buffers, the 'C-c C-p' ('message-insert-screenshot') command has been added. It depends on using an external program to take the actual screenshot, and defaults to "ImageMagick import". ** Smtpmail +++ *** smtpmail now supports using the oauth2.el library. +++ *** New user option 'smtpmail-store-queue-variables'. If non-nil, SMTP variables will be stored together with the queued messages, and will then be used when sending with 'M-x smtpmail-send-queued-mail'. +++ *** Allow direct selection of smtp authentication mechanism. A server entry retrieved by auth-source can request a desired smtp authentication mechanism by setting a value for the key 'smtp-auth'. ** ElDoc +++ *** New user option 'eldoc-echo-area-display-truncation-message'. If non-nil (the default), eldoc will display a message saying something like "(Documentation truncated. Use `M-x eldoc-doc-buffer' to see rest)" when a message has been truncated. If nil, truncated messages will be marked with just "..." at the end. +++ *** New hook 'eldoc-documentation-functions'. This hook is intended to be used for registering doc string functions. These functions don't need to produce the doc string right away, they may arrange for it to be produced asynchronously. The results of all doc string functions are accessible to the user through the user option 'eldoc-documentation-strategy'. *** New hook 'eldoc-display-functions'. This hook is intended to be used for displaying doc strings. The functions receive the doc string composed according to 'eldoc-documentation-strategy' and are tasked with displaying it to the user. Examples of such functions would use the echo area, a separate buffer, or a tooltip. +++ *** New user option 'eldoc-documentation-strategy'. The built-in choices available for this user option let users compose the results of 'eldoc-documentation-functions' in various ways, even if some of those functions are synchronous and some asynchronous. The user option replaces 'eldoc-documentation-function', which is now obsolete. *** 'eldoc-echo-area-use-multiline-p' is now handled by ElDoc. The user option 'eldoc-echo-area-use-multiline-p' is now handled by the ElDoc library itself. Functions in 'eldoc-documentation-functions' don't need to worry about consulting it when producing a doc string. ** Tramp +++ *** New connection method "mtp". It allows accessing media devices like cell phones, tablets or cameras. +++ *** New connection method "sshfs". It allows accessing remote files via a file system mounted with 'sshfs'. +++ *** Tramp supports SSH authentication via a hardware security key now. This requires at least OpenSSH 8.2, and a FIDO U2F compatible security key, like yubikey, solokey, or nitrokey. +++ *** Trashed remote files are moved to the local trash directory. All remote files that are trashed are moved to the local trash directory, except remote encrypted files, which are always deleted. +++ *** New command 'tramp-crypt-add-directory'. This command marks a remote directory to contain only encrypted files. See the "(tramp) Keeping files encrypted" node of the Tramp manual for details. This feature is experimental. +++ *** Support of direct asynchronous process invocation. When Tramp connection property "direct-async-process" is set to non-nil for a given connection, 'make-process' and 'start-file-process' calls are performed directly as in "ssh ... ". This avoids initialization performance penalties. See the "(tramp) Improving performance of asynchronous remote processes" node of the Tramp manual for details, and also for a discussion or restrictions. This feature is experimental. +++ *** New user option 'tramp-debug-to-file'. When non-nil, this user option instructs Tramp to mirror the debug buffer to a file under the "/tmp/" directory. This is useful, if (in rare cases) Tramp blocks Emacs, and we need further debug information. +++ *** Tramp supports lock files now. In order to deactivate this, set user option 'remote-file-name-inhibit-locks' to t. +++ *** Writing sensitive data locally requires confirmation. Writing auto-save, backup or lock files to the local temporary directory must be confirmed. In order to suppress this confirmation, set user option 'tramp-allow-unsafe-temporary-files' to t. +++ *** 'make-directory' of a remote directory honors the default file modes. ** gdb-mi *** New user option 'gdb-registers-enable-filter'. If non-nil, apply a register filter based on 'gdb-registers-filter-pattern-list'. +++ *** gdb-mi can now save and restore window configurations. Use 'gdb-save-window-configuration' to save window configuration to a file and 'gdb-load-window-configuration' to load from a file. These commands can also be accessed through the menu bar under "Gud => GDB-Windows". 'gdb-default-window-configuration-file', when non-nil, is loaded when GDB starts up. +++ *** gdb-mi can now restore window configuration after quitting. Set 'gdb-restore-window-configuration-after-quit' to non-nil and Emacs will remember the window configuration before GDB started and restore it after GDB quits. A toggle button is also provided under "Gud => GDB-Windows" menu item. +++ *** gdb-mi now has a better logic for displaying source buffers. Now GDB only uses one source window to display source file by default. Customize 'gdb-max-source-window-count' to use more than one window. Control source file display by 'gdb-display-source-buffer-action'. +++ *** The default value of 'gdb-mi-decode-strings' is now t. This means that the default coding-system is now used to decode strings and source file names from GDB. ** Compilation mode --- *** New function 'ansi-color-compilation-filter'. This function is meant to be used in 'compilation-filter-hook'. --- *** New user option 'ansi-color-for-compilation-mode'. This controls what 'ansi-color-compilation-filter' does. *** Regexp matching of messages is now case-sensitive by default. The variable 'compilation-error-case-fold-search' can be set for case-insensitive matching of messages when the old behavior is required, but the recommended solution is to use a correctly matching regexp instead. --- *** New user option 'compilation-search-all-directories'. When doing parallel builds, directories and compilation errors may arrive in the "*compilation*" buffer out-of-order. If this variable is non-nil (the default), Emacs will now search backwards in the buffer for any directory the file with errors may be in. If nil, this won't be done (and this restores how this previously worked). --- *** Messages from ShellCheck are now recognized. --- *** Messages from Visual Studio that mention column numbers are now recognized. ** Hi Lock mode --- *** Matching in 'hi-lock-mode' can be case-sensitive. The matching is case-sensitive when a regexp contains upper case characters and 'search-upper-case' is non-nil. 'highlight-phrase' also uses 'search-whitespace-regexp' to substitute spaces in regexp search. --- *** The default value of 'hi-lock-highlight-range' was enlarged. The new default value is 2000000 (2 megabytes). ** Whitespace mode +++ *** New style 'missing-newline-at-eof'. If present in 'whitespace-style' (as it is by default), the final character in the buffer will be highlighted if the buffer doesn't end with a newline. --- *** The default 'whitespace-enable-predicate' predicate has changed. It used to check elements in the list version of 'whitespace-global-modes' with 'eq', but now uses 'derived-mode-p'. ** Texinfo --- *** New user option 'texinfo-texi2dvi-options'. This is used when invoking 'texi2dvi' from 'texinfo-tex-buffer'. --- *** New commands for moving in and between environments. An "environment" is something that ends with '@end'. The commands are 'C-c C-c C-f' (next end), 'C-c C-c C-b' (previous end), 'C-c C-c C-n' (next start) and 'C-c C-c C-p' (previous start), as well as 'C-c .', which will alternate between the start and the end of the current environment. ** Rmail --- *** New user option 'rmail-re-abbrevs'. Its default value matches localized abbreviations of the "reply" prefix on the Subject line in various languages. --- *** New user option 'shr-offer-extend-specpdl'. If this is nil, rendering of HTML in the email message body that requires to enlarge 'max-specpdl-size', the number of Lisp variable bindings, will be aborted, and Emacs will not ask you whether to enlarge 'max-specpdl-size' to complete the rendering. The default is t, which preserves the original behavior. --- *** New user option 'rmail-show-message-set-modified'. If set non-nil, showing an unseen message will set the Rmail buffer's modified flag. The default is nil, to preserve the old behavior. ** CC Mode +++ *** Added support for Doxygen documentation style. 'doxygen' is now a valid 'c-doc-comment-style' which recognises all comment styles supported by Doxygen (namely '///', '//!', '/** … */' and '/*! … */'. 'gtkdoc' remains the default for C and C++ modes; to use 'doxygen' by default one might evaluate: (setq-default c-doc-comment-style '((java-mode . javadoc) (pike-mode . autodoc) (c-mode . doxygen) (c++-mode . doxygen))) or use it in a custom 'c-style'. +++ *** Added support to line up '?' and ':' of a ternary operator. The new 'c-lineup-ternary-bodies' function can be used as a lineup function to align question mark and colon which are part of a ternary operator ('?:'). For example: return arg % 2 == 0 ? arg / 2 : (3 * arg + 1); To enable, add it to appropriate entries in 'c-offsets-alist', e.g.: (c-set-offset 'arglist-cont '(c-lineup-ternary-bodies c-lineup-gcc-asm-reg)) (c-set-offset 'arglist-cont-nonempty '(c-lineup-ternary-bodies c-lineup-gcc-asm-reg c-lineup-arglist)) (c-set-offset 'statement-cont '(c-lineup-ternary-bodies +)) ** Images --- *** You can explicitly specify base_uri for svg images. ':base-uri' image property can be used to explicitly specify base_uri for embedded images into svg. ':base-uri' is supported for both file and data svg images. +++ *** 'svg-embed-base-uri-image' added to embed images. 'svg-embed-base-uri-image' can be used to embed images located relatively to 'file-name-directory' of the ':base-uri' svg image property. This works much faster then 'svg-embed'. +++ *** New function 'image-cache-size'. This function returns the size of the current image cache, in bytes. --- *** Animated images stop automatically under high CPU pressure sooner. Previously, an animated image would stop animating if any single image took more than two seconds to display. The new algorithm maintains a decaying average of delays, and if this number gets too high, the animation is stopped. +++ *** The 'n' and 'p' commands (next/previous image) now respect Dired order. These commands would previously display the next/previous image in lexicographic order, but will now find the "parent" Dired buffer and select the next/previous image file according to how the files are sorted there. The commands have also been extended to work when the "parent" buffer is an archive mode (i.e., zip file or the like) or tar mode buffer. --- *** 'image-converter' is now restricted to formats in 'auto-mode-alist'. When using external image converters, the external program is queried for what formats it supports. This list may contain formats that are problematic in some contexts (like PDFs), so this list is now filtered based on 'auto-mode-alist'. Only file names that map to 'image-mode' are now supported. --- *** The background and foreground of images now default to face colors. When an image doesn't specify a foreground or background color, Emacs now uses colors from the face used to draw the surrounding text instead of the frame's default colors. To load images with the default frame colors use the ':foreground' and ':background' image attributes, for example: (create-image "filename" nil nil :foreground (face-attribute 'default :foreground) :background (face-attribute 'default :background)) This change only affects image types that support foreground and background colors or transparency, such as xbm, pbm, svg, png and gif. +++ *** Image smoothing can now be explicitly enabled or disabled. Smoothing applies a bilinear filter while scaling or rotating an image to prevent aliasing and other unwanted effects. The new image property ':transform-smoothing' can be set to t to force smoothing and nil to disable smoothing. The default behavior of smoothing on down-scaling and not smoothing on up-scaling remains unchanged. +++ *** New user option 'image-transform-smoothing'. This controls whether to use smoothing or not for an image. Values include nil (no smoothing), t (do smoothing) or a predicate function that's called with the image object and should return nil/t. +++ *** SVG images now support user stylesheets. The ':css' image attribute can be used to override the default CSS stylesheet for an image. The default sets 'font-family' and 'font-size' to match the current face, so an image with 'height="1em"' will match the font size in use where it is embedded. This feature relies on librsvg 2.48 or above being available. +++ *** Image properties support 'em' sizes. Size image properties, for example ':height', ':max-height', etc., can be given a cons of the form '(SIZE . em)', where SIZE is an integer or float which is multiplied by the font size to calculate the image size, and 'em' is a symbol. ** EWW +++ *** New user option 'eww-use-browse-url'. This is a regexp that can be set to alter how links are followed in eww. +++ *** New user option 'eww-retrieve-command'. This can be used to download data via an external command. If nil (the default), then 'url-retrieve' is used. When 'sync', then 'url-retrieve-synchronously' is used. +++ *** New Emacs command line convenience command. The 'eww-browse' command has been added, which allows you to register Emacs as a MIME handler for "text/x-uri", and will call 'eww' on the supplied URL. Usage example: "emacs -f eww-browse https://gnu.org". +++ *** 'eww-download-directory' will now use the XDG location, if defined. However, if "~/Downloads/" already exists, that will continue to be used. --- *** The command 'eww-follow-link' now supports custom mailto handlers. The function that is invoked when clicking on or otherwise following a 'mailto:' link in an EWW buffer can now be customized. For more information, see the related entry about 'shr-browse-url' above. ** SHR --- *** The command 'shr-browse-url' now supports custom mailto handlers. Clicking on or otherwise following a 'mailto:' link in a HTML buffer rendered by SHR previously invoked the command 'browse-url-mailto'. This is still the case by default, but if you customize 'browse-url-mailto-function' or 'browse-url-handlers' to call some other function, it will now be called instead of the default. +++ *** New user option 'shr-max-width'. If this user option is non-nil, and 'shr-width' is nil, then SHR will use the value of 'shr-max-width' to limit the width of the rendered HTML. The default is 120 characters, so even if you have very wide frames, HTML text will be rendered more narrowly, which usually leads to a more readable text. Set this user option to nil to get the previous behavior of rendering as wide as the 'window-width' allows. If 'shr-width' is non-nil, it overrides this variable. --- *** New faces for heading elements. Those are 'shr-h1', 'shr-h2', 'shr-h3', 'shr-h4', 'shr-h5', 'shr-h6'. ** Project *** New user option 'project-vc-merge-submodules'. *** Project commands now have their own history. Previously used project directories are now suggested by all commands that prompt for a project directory. +++ *** New prefix keymap 'project-prefix-map'. Key sequences that invoke project-related commands start with the prefix 'C-x p'. Type "C-x p C-h" to show the full list. +++ *** New commands 'project-dired', 'project-vc-dir', 'project-shell', 'project-eshell'. These commands run Dired/VC-Dir and Shell/Eshell in a project's root directory, respectively. +++ *** New command 'project-compile'. This command runs compilation in the current project's root directory. +++ *** New command 'project-switch-project'. This command lets you "switch" to another project and run a project command chosen from a dispatch menu. +++ *** New commands 'project-shell-command' and 'project-async-shell-command'. These commands run 'shell-command' and 'async-shell-command' in a project's root directory, respectively. +++ *** New user option 'project-list-file'. This specifies the file in which to save the list of known projects. +++ *** New command 'project-remove-known-project'. This command lets you interactively remove an entry from the list of projects in 'project-list-file'. --- *** 'project-find-file' now accepts non-existent file names. This is to allow easy creation of files inside some nested sub-directory. +++ *** 'project-find-file' doesn't use the string at point as default input. Now it's only suggested as part of the "future history". +++ *** New command 'project-find-dir' runs Dired in a directory inside project. ** Xref --- *** Prefix arg of 'xref-goto-xref' quits the "*xref*" buffer. So typing 'C-u RET' in the "*xref*" buffer quits its window before navigating to the selected location. +++ *** New user options to automatically show the first Xref match. The new user option 'xref-auto-jump-to-first-definition' controls the behavior of 'xref-find-definitions' and its variants, like 'xref-find-definitions-other-window': if it's t or 'show', the first match is automatically displayed; if it's 'move', point in the "*xref*" buffer is automatically moved to the first match without displaying it. The new user option 'xref-auto-jump-to-first-xref' changes the behavior of Xref commands such as 'xref-find-references', 'xref-find-apropos', and 'project-find-regexp', which are expected to display many matches that the user would like to visit. 'xref-auto-jump-to-first-xref' changes their behavior much in the same way as 'xref-auto-jump-to-first-definition' affects the "find-definitions" commands. *** New user options 'xref-search-program' and 'xref-search-program-alist'. So far 'grep' and 'ripgrep' are supported. 'ripgrep' seems to offer better performance in certain cases, in particular for case-insensitive searches. +++ *** New commands 'xref-prev-group' and 'xref-next-group'. These commands are bound respectively to 'P' and 'N', and navigate to the first item of the previous or next group in the "*xref*" buffer. *** New alternative value for 'xref-show-definitions-function': 'xref-show-definitions-completing-read'. *** The two existing alternatives for 'xref-show-definitions-function' have been renamed to have "proper" public names and documented ('xref-show-definitions-buffer' and 'xref-show-definitions-buffer-at-bottom'). +++ *** New command 'xref-quit-and-pop-marker-stack'. This command is bound to 'M-,' in "*xref*" buffers. This combination is easy to press semi-accidentally if the user wants to go back in the middle of choosing the exact definition to go to, and this should do TRT. --- *** New value 'project-relative' for 'xref-file-name-display'. If chosen, file names in "*xref*" buffers will be displayed relative to the 'project-root' of the current project, when available. +++ *** The 'TAB' key binding in "*xref*" buffers is obsolete. Use 'C-u RET' instead. The 'TAB' binding in "*xref*" buffers is still supported, but we plan on removing it in a future version; at that time, the command 'xref-quit-and-goto-xref' will no longer have a key binding in 'xref--xref-buffer-mode-map'. --- *** New user option 'etags-xref-prefer-current-file'. When non-nil, matches for identifiers in the file visited by the current buffer will be shown first in the "*xref*" buffer. +++ *** The etags Xref backend now honors 'tags-apropos-additional-actions'. You can customize it to augment the output of 'xref-find-apropos', like it affected the output of 'tags-apropos', which is obsolete since Emacs 25.1. ** Battery --- *** UPower is now the default battery status backend when available. UPower support via the function 'battery-upower' was added in Emacs 26.1, but was disabled by default. It is now the default value of 'battery-status-function' when the system provides a UPower D-Bus service. The user options 'battery-upower-device' and 'battery-upower-subscribe' control which power sources to query and whether to respond to status change notifications in addition to polling, respectively. --- *** A richer syntax can be used to format battery status information. The user options 'battery-mode-line-format' and 'battery-echo-area-format' now support the full formatting syntax of the function 'format-spec' documented under node "(elisp) Custom Format Strings". The new syntax includes specifiers for padding and truncation, amongst other things. ** bug-reference.el --- *** Bug reference mode uses auto-setup. If 'bug-reference-mode' or 'bug-reference-prog-mode' have been activated, their respective hook has been run and still 'bug-reference-bug-regexp' and 'bug-reference-url-format' aren't both set, it tries to guess appropriate values for those two variables. There are three guessing mechanisms so far: based on version control information of the current buffer's file, based on newsgroup/mail-folder name and several news and mail message headers in Gnus buffers, and based on IRC channel and network in rcirc and ERC buffers. All the mechanisms are extensible with custom rules, see the variables 'bug-reference-setup-from-vc-alist', 'bug-reference-setup-from-mail-alist', and 'bug-reference-setup-from-irc-alist'. ** HTML Mode --- *** A new skeleton for adding relative URLs has been added. It's bound to the 'C-c C-c f' keystroke, and prompts for a local file name. ** Widget +++ *** 'widget-choose' now supports menus in extended format. --- *** The 'editable-list' widget now supports moving items up and down. You can now move items up and down by deleting and then reinserting them, using the 'DEL' and 'INS' buttons respectively. This is useful in Custom buffers, for example, to change the order of the elements in a list. ** Diff --- *** New face 'diff-changed-unspecified'. This is used to highlight "changed" lines (those marked with '!') in context diffs, when 'diff-use-changed-face' is non-nil. --- *** New 'diff-mode' font locking face 'diff-error'. This face is used for error messages from 'diff'. +++ *** New command 'diff-refresh-hunk'. This new command (bound to 'C-c C-l') regenerates the current hunk. ** thing-at-point +++ *** New 'thing-at-point' target: 'existing-filename'. This is like 'filename', but is a full path, and is nil if the file doesn't exist. +++ *** New variable 'thing-at-point-provider-alist'. This allows mode-specific alterations to how 'thing-at-point' works. --- *** thing-at-point now respects fields. 'thing-at-point' (and all functions that use it, like 'symbol-at-point') will narrow to the current field (if any) before trying to identify the thing at point. *** New function 'thing-at-mouse'. ** image-dired --- *** 'image-dired-mouse-toggle-mark' now toggles files in the active region. +++ *** New user option 'image-dired-thumb-visible-marks'. If non-nil (the default), use 'image-dired-thumb-mark' to say what images are marked. --- *** New command 'image-dired-delete-marked'. ** Flymake mode +++ *** New command 'flymake-show-project-diagnostics' This lists all diagnostics for buffers in the currently active project. The listing is similar to the one obtained by 'flymake-show-buffer-diagnostics', but adds a column for the project-relative file name. For backends which support it, 'flymake-show-project-diagnostics' also lists diagnostics for files that have not yet been visited. +++ *** New user options to customize Flymake's mode-line. The new user option 'flymake-mode-line-format' is a mix of strings and symbols like 'flymake-mode-line-title', 'flymake-mode-line-exception' and 'flymake-mode-line-counters'. The new user option 'flymake-mode-line-counter-format' is a mix of strings and symbols like 'flymake-mode-line-error-counter', 'flymake-mode-line-warning-counter' and 'flymake-mode-line-note-counter'. ** Time --- *** 'display-time-world' has been renamed to 'world-clock'. 'world-clock' creates a buffer with an updating time display using several time zones. It is hoped that the new names are more discoverable. The following commands have been renamed: 'display-time-world' to 'world-clock' 'display-time-world-mode' to 'world-clock-mode' 'display-time-world-display' to 'world-clock-display' 'display-time-world-timer' to 'world-clock-update' The following user options have been renamed: 'display-time-world-list' to 'world-clock-list' 'display-time-world-time-format' to 'world-clock-time-format' 'display-time-world-buffer-name' to 'world-clock-buffer-name' 'display-time-world-timer-enable' to 'world-clock-timer-enable' 'display-time-world-timer-second' to 'world-clock-timer-second' The old names are now obsolete. --- *** 'world-clock-mode' can no longer be turned on interactively. Use 'world-clock' to turn on that mode. ** CPerl Mode --- *** New face 'perl-heredoc', used for heredoc elements. --- *** The command 'cperl-set-style' offers the new value "PBP". This value customizes Emacs to use the style recommended in Damian Conway's book "Perl Best Practices" for indentation and formatting of conditionals. ** Octave Mode +++ *** Line continuations in double-quoted strings now use a backslash. Typing 'C-M-j' (bound to 'octave-indent-new-comment-line') now follows the behavior introduced in Octave 3.8 of using a backslash as a line continuation marker within double-quoted strings, and an ellipsis everywhere else. +++ ** EasyPG GPG key servers can now be queried for keys with the 'M-x epa-search-keys' command. Keys can then be added to your personal key ring. ** Etags +++ *** Etags now supports the Mercury programming language. See https://mercurylang.org. +++ *** Etags command line option '--declarations' now has Mercury-specific behavior. All Mercury declarations are tagged by default. However, for compatibility with 'etags' support for Prolog, predicates and functions appearing first in clauses will also be tagged if 'etags' is invoked with the '--declarations' command-line option. ** Comint +++ *** Support for OSC escape sequences. Adding the new 'comint-osc-process-output' to 'comint-output-filter-functions' enables the interpretation of OSC ("Operating System Command") escape sequences in comint buffers. By default, only OSC 8, for hyperlinks, and OSC 7, for directory tracking, are acted upon. Adding more entries to 'comint-osc-handlers' allows a customized treatment of further escape sequences. +++ *** 'comint-delete-output' can now save deleted text in the kill-ring. Interactively, 'C-u C-c C-o' triggers this new optional behavior. ** ERC --- *** NickServ passwords can now be retrieved from auth-source. The 'erc-use-auth-source-for-nickserv-password' user option enables querying auth-source for NickServ passwords. To enable this, add the following to your init file: (setq erc-use-auth-source-for-nickserv-password t) --- *** NickServ identification now prompts for password last. When 'erc-prompt-for-nickserv-password' is non-nil, the user used to be unconditionally prompted interactively for a password, regardless of the value of 'erc-nickserv-passwords', which was effectively ignored (same for the new 'erc-use-auth-source-for-nickserv-password'). This limitation is now lifted, and the user is interactively prompted last, after the other identification methods have run. --- *** The '/ignore' command will now ask for a timeout to stop ignoring the user. Allowed inputs are seconds or ISO8601-like periods like "1h" or "4h30m". --- *** ERC now recognizes 'C-]' for italic text. Italic text is displayed in the new 'erc-italic-face'. --- *** The erc-compat.el library is now marked obsolete. This file contained ERC compatibility code for Emacs 21 and XEmacs which is no longer needed. --- *** erc-match.el now supports 'message' highlight type (not including the nick). The 'erc-current-nick-highlight-type', 'erc-pal-highlight-type', 'erc-fool-highlight-type', 'erc-keyword-highlight-type', and 'erc-dangerous-host-highlight-type' variables now support a 'message' type for highlighting the entire message but not the sender's nick. --- *** erc-status-sidebar.el is now part of ERC. The 'erc-status-sidebar' package which provides a HexChat-like activity overview sidebar for joined IRC channels is now part of ERC. +++ *** erc-tls now supports specifying a TLS client certificate. The 'erc-tls' function has been updated to allow specifying a TLS client certificate for authentication, as an alternative to NickServ password-based authentication. This is referred to as "CertFP" (short for Certificate Fingerprint) by several IRC networks. See the Info node "(erc) Connecting" in the ERC manual for more details and examples on how to specify and use TLS client certificates with 'erc-tls'. --- *** Add 'erc-track-select-mode-line-face' (obsoletes 'erc-track-find-face'). The 'erc-track-find-face' function of the erc-track module has been declared obsolete and rewritten as 'erc-track-select-mode-line-face', with different expected arguments (the current and old faces are now separated) and clearer documentation. *** Add '/opme' and '/deopme' convenience commands. The new '/opme' convenience command asks ChanServ to set the operator status for the current nick in the current channel, and '/deopme' unsets it. ** xwidget-webkit mode --- *** New xwidget commands. 'xwidget-webkit-uri' (return the current URL), 'xwidget-webkit-title' (return the current title), and 'xwidget-webkit-goto-history' (goto a point in history). --- *** Pixel-based scrolling. The 'xwidget-webkit-scroll-up', 'xwidget-webkit-scroll-down' commands now supports scrolling arbitrary pixel values. It now treats the optional 2nd argument as the pixel values to scroll. --- *** New commands for scrolling. The new commands 'xwidget-webkit-scroll-up-line', 'xwidget-webkit-scroll-down-line', 'xwidget-webkit-scroll-forward', 'xwidget-webkit-scroll-backward' can be used to scroll webkit by the height of lines or width of chars. --- *** New user option 'xwidget-webkit-bookmark-jump-new-session'. When non-nil, use a new xwidget webkit session after bookmark jump. Otherwise, it will use 'xwidget-webkit-last-session'. ** Checkdoc --- *** No longer warns about command substitutions by default. Checkdoc used to warn about "too many command substitutions" (as in "\\[foo-command]"), even if you only used ten of them in a docstring. On modern machines, you can have hundreds or thousands of command substitutions before it becomes a performance issue, so this warning is now disabled by default. To re-enable this warning, customize the user option 'checkdoc-max-keyref-before-warn'. --- *** New user option 'checkdoc-column-zero-backslash-before-paren'. Checkdoc warns if there is a left parenthesis in column zero of a documentation string. That warning can now be disabled by customizing this new user option to nil. This is useful if you don't expect your code to be edited with an Emacs older than version 27.1. --- *** Now checks the prompt format for 'yes-or-no-p'. In addition to verifying the format of the prompt for 'y-or-n-p', checkdoc will now check the format of 'yes-or-no-p'. --- *** No longer checks for "A-" modifiers. Checkdoc recommends usage of command substitutions ("\\[foo-command]") in favor of writing keybindings like "C-c f". It now no longer warns about the "A-" modifier as it is not used very much in practice, and this warning therefore mostly led to false positives. ** Enriched mode --- *** 'C-a' is by default no longer bound to 'beginning-of-line-text'. This is so 'C-a' works as in other modes, and in particular holding Shift while typing 'C-a', i.e. 'C-S-a', will now highlight the text. ** Gravatar --- *** New user option 'gravatar-service' for host to query for gravatars. Defaults to 'libravatar', with 'unicornify' and 'gravatar' as options. ** MH-E mail handler for Emacs Functions and variables related to handling junk mail have been renamed to not associate color with sender quality. +++ *** New names for mh-junk interactive functions. Function 'mh-junk-whitelist' is renamed 'mh-junk-allowlist'. Function 'mh-junk-blacklist' is renamed 'mh-junk-blocklist'. +++ *** New binding for 'mh-junk-allowlist'. The key binding for 'mh-junk-allowlist' is changed from 'J w' to 'J a'. The old binding is supported but warns that it is obsolete. +++ *** New names for some hooks. 'mh-whitelist-msg-hook' is renamed 'mh-allowlist-msg-hook'. 'mh-blacklist-msg-hook' is renamed 'mh-blocklist-msg-hook'. +++ *** New names for some variables. Variable 'mh-whitelist-preserves-sequences-flag' is renamed 'mh-allowlist-preserves-sequences-flag'. +++ *** New names for some faces. Face 'mh-folder-blacklisted' is renamed 'mh-folder-blocklisted'. Face 'mh-folder-whitelisted' is renamed 'mh-folder-allowlisted'. ** Rcirc +++ *** rcirc now supports SASL authentication. --- *** rcirc connects asynchronously --- *** Integrate formatting into rcirc-send-string The function now accepts a variable number of arguments. +++ *** Deprecate defun-rcirc-command in favour of rcirc-define-command The new macro handles multiple and optional arguments. --- *** Add basic IRCv3 support This includes support for the capabilities: server-time, batch, message-ids, invite-notify, multi-prefix and standard-replies. --- *** Add mouse property support to rcirc-track-minor-mode --- *** Improve support for IRC markup codes --- *** Check auth-sources for server passwords --- *** Allow for channels to hide certain message types right after connecting. Set rcirc-omit-responses-after-join analogously to rcirc-omit-responses. +++ *** Implement repeated reconnection strategy See rcirc-reconnect-attempts. ** Miscellaneous --- *** 'shell-script-mode' now supports 'outline-minor-mode'. The outline headings have lines that start with "###". --- *** fileloop will now skip missing files instead of signalling an error. --- *** 'tabulated-list-mode' can now restore original display order. Many commands (like 'C-x C-b') are derived from 'tabulated-list-mode', and that mode allows the user to sort on any column. There was previously no easy way to get back to the original displayed order after sorting, but giving a -1 numerical prefix to the sorting command will now restore the original order. --- *** 'M-left' and 'M-right' now move between columns in 'tabulated-list-mode'. --- *** New variable 'hl-line-overlay-priority'. This can be used to change the priority of the hl-line overlays. +++ *** New command 'mailcap-view-file'. This command will open a viewer based on the file type, as determined by "~/.mailcap" and related files and variables. --- *** New user option 'remember-diary-regexp'. --- *** New user option 'remember-text-format-function'. --- *** New user option 'authinfo-hide-elements'. This can be set to nil to inhibit hiding passwords in ".authinfo" files. --- *** 'hexl-mode' scrolling commands now heed 'next-screen-context-lines'. Previously, 'hexl-scroll-down' and 'hexl-scroll-up' would scroll up/down an entire window, but they now work more like the standard scrolling commands. --- *** New user option 'bibtex-unify-case-function'. This new option allows the user to customize how case is converted when unifying entries. --- *** The user option 'bibtex-maintain-sorted-entries' now permits user-defined sorting schemes. --- *** New user option 'reveal-auto-hide'. If non-nil (the default), revealed text is automatically hidden when point leaves the text. If nil, the text is not hidden again. Instead 'M-x reveal-hide-revealed' can be used to hide all the revealed text. --- *** New variable 'ffap-file-name-with-spaces'. If non-nil, 'find-file-at-point' and friends will try to guess more expansively to identify a file name with spaces. --- *** Two new commands for centering in 'doc-view-mode'. The new commands 'doc-view-center-page-horizontally' (bound to 'c h') and 'doc-view-center-page-vertically' (bound to 'c v') center the page horizontally and vertically, respectively. --- *** 'tempo-define-template' can now re-assign templates to tags. Previously, assigning a new template to an already defined tag had no effect. --- *** The width of the buffer-name column in 'list-buffers' is now dynamic. The width now depends of the width of the window, but will never be wider than the length of the longest buffer name, except that it will never be narrower than 19 characters. +++ *** New diary sexp 'diary-offset'. It offsets another diary sexp by a number of days. This is useful when for example your organization has a committee meeting two days after every monthly meeting which takes place on the third Thursday, or if you would like to attend a virtual meeting scheduled in a different timezone causing a difference in the date. --- *** The old non-SMIE indentation of 'sh-mode' has been removed. --- *** 'mspools-show' is now autoloaded. --- *** Loading dunnet.el in batch mode doesn't start the game any more. Instead you need to do "emacs -f dun-batch" to start the game in batch mode. ** Ruby Mode --- ** 'ruby-use-smie' is declared obsolete. SMIE is now always enabled and 'ruby-use-smie' only controls whether indentation is done using SMIE or with the old ad-hoc code. --- ** Indentation has changed when 'ruby-align-chained-calls' is non-nil. This previously used to align subsequent lines with the last sibling, but it now aligns with the first sibling (which is the preferred style in Ruby). ** Imenu +++ *** New user option 'imenu-max-index-time'. If creating the imenu index takes longer than specified by this variable (default 5 seconds), imenu indexing is stopped. * New Modes and Packages in Emacs 28.1 +++ ** New transient mode 'repeat-mode' to allow shorter key sequences. You can type 'C-x u u' instead of 'C-x u C-x u' to undo many changes, 'C-x o o' instead of 'C-x o C-x o' to switch several windows, 'C-x { { } } ^ ^ v v' to resize the selected window interactively, 'M-g n n p p' to navigate next-error matches. Any other key exits transient mode and then is executed normally. 'repeat-exit-key' defines an additional key to exit mode like 'isearch-exit' ('RET'). The user option 'repeat-exit-timeout' specifies the number of seconds of idle time to break the repetition chain automatically. With 'repeat-keep-prefix' you can keep the prefix arg of the previous command. For example, this can help to reverse the window navigation direction with e.g. 'C-x o M-- o o'. Also it can help to set a new step with e.g. 'C-x { C-5 { { {', which will set the window resizing step to 5 columns. --- ** New themes 'modus-vivendi' and 'modus-operandi'. These themes are designed to conform with the highest standard for color-contrast accessibility (WCAG AAA). You can load either of them using 'M-x customize-themes' or 'load-theme' from your init file. Consult the Modus Themes Info manual for more information on the user options they provide. ** Dictionary mode This is a mode for searching a RFC 2229 dictionary server. 'dictionary' opens a buffer for starting operations. 'dictionary-search' performs a lookup for a word. It also supports a 'dictionary-tooltip-mode' which performs a lookup of the word under the mouse in 'dictionary-tooltip-dictionary' (which must be customized first). --- ** Lisp Data mode The new command 'lisp-data-mode' enables a major mode for buffers composed of Lisp symbolic expressions that do not form a computer program. The ".dir-locals.el" file is automatically set to use this mode, as are other data files produced by Emacs. +++ ** New global mode 'global-goto-address-mode'. This will enable 'goto-address-mode' in all buffers. ** transient.el This library implements support for powerful keyboard-driven menus. Such menus can be used as simple visual command dispatchers. More complex menus take advantage of infix arguments, which are somewhat similar to prefix arguments, but are more flexible and discoverable. ** hierarchy.el It's a library to create, query, navigate and display hierarchical structures. * Incompatible Editing Changes in Emacs 28.1 --- ** 'toggle-truncate-lines' now disables 'visual-line-mode'. This is for symmetry with 'visual-line-mode', which disables 'truncate-lines'. --- ** 'electric-indent-mode' now also indents inside strings and comments. (This only happens when indentation function also supports this.) To recover the previous behavior you can use: (add-hook 'electric-indent-functions (lambda (_) (if (nth 8 (syntax-ppss)) 'no-indent))) --- ** The 'M-o' ('facemenu-keymap') global binding has been removed. To restore the old binding, say something like: (require 'facemenu) (define-key global-map "\M-o" 'facemenu-keymap) (define-key facemenu-keymap "\es" 'center-line) (define-key facemenu-keymap "\eS" 'center-paragraph) The last two lines are not strictly necessary if you don't care about having those two commands on the 'M-o' keymap; see the next section. --- ** The 'M-o M-s' and 'M-o M-S' global bindings have been removed. Use 'M-x center-line' and 'M-x center-paragraph' instead. See the previous section for how to get back the old bindings. Alternatively, if you only want these two commands to have global bindings they had before, you can add the following to your init file: (define-key global-map "\M-o\M-s" 'center-line) (define-key global-map "\M-o\M-S" 'center-paragraph) --- ** The 'M-o M-o' global binding has been removed. Use 'M-x font-lock-fontify-block' instead, or the new 'C-x x f' command, which updates the syntax highlighting in the current buffer. --- ** The escape sequence '\e[29~' in Xterm is now mapped to 'menu'. Xterm sends this sequence for both 'F16' and 'Menu' keys It used to be mapped to 'print' but we couldn't find a terminal that uses this sequence for any kind of 'Print' key. This makes the Menu key (see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menu_key) work for 'context-menu-mode' in Xterm. --- ** New user option 'xterm-store-paste-on-kill-ring'. If non-nil (the default), Emacs pushes pasted text onto the kill ring (if using an xterm-like terminal that supports bracketed paste). Setting this to nil inhibits that. --- ** 'vc-print-branch-log' shows the change log from its root directory. It previously used to use the default directory. --- ** 'project-shell' and 'shell' now use 'pop-to-buffer-same-window'. This is to keep the same behavior as Eshell. --- ** In 'nroff-mode', 'center-line' is no longer bound to a key. The original key binding was 'M-s', which interfered with I-search, since the latter uses 'M-s' as a prefix key of the search prefix map. --- ** In 'f90-mode', the backslash character ('\') no longer escapes. For about a decade, the backslash character has no longer had a special escape syntax in Fortran F90. To get the old behavior back, say something like: (modify-syntax-entry ?\\ "\\" f90-mode-syntax-table) +++ ** Setting 'fill-column' to nil is obsolete. This undocumented use of 'fill-column' is now obsolete. To disable auto filling, turn off 'auto-fill-mode' instead. For instance, you could add something like the following to your init file: (add-hook 'foo-mode-hook (lambda () (auto-fill-mode -1)) * Incompatible Lisp Changes in Emacs 28.1 +++ ** Emacs now prints a backtrace when signaling an error in batch mode. This makes debugging Emacs Lisp scripts run in batch mode easier. To get back the old behavior, set the new variable 'backtrace-on-error-noninteractive' to a nil value. --- ** Some floating-point numbers are now handled differently by the Lisp reader. In previous versions of Emacs, numbers with a trailing dot and an exponent were read as integers and the exponent ignored: 2.e6 was interpreted as the integer 2. Such numerals are now read as floats with the exponent included: 2.e6 is now read as the floating-point value 2000000.0. That is, '(read-from-string "1.e3")' => '(1000.0 . 4)' now. --- ** 'equal' no longer examines some contents of window configurations. Instead, it considers window configurations to be equal only if they are 'eq'. To compare contents, use 'compare-window-configurations' instead. This change helps fix a bug in 'sxhash-equal', which returned incorrect hashes for window configurations and some other objects. +++ ** The 'lexical-binding' local variable is always enabled. Previously, if 'enable-local-variables' was nil, a 'lexical-binding' local variable would not be heeded. This has now changed, and a file with a 'lexical-binding' cookie is always heeded. To revert to the old behavior, set 'permanently-enabled-local-variables' to nil. --- ** 'kill-all-local-variables' has changed how it handles non-symbol hooks. The function is documented to eliminate all buffer-local bindings except variables with a 'permanent-local' property, or hooks that have elements with a 'permanent-local-hook' property. In addition, it would also keep lambda expressions in hooks sometimes. The latter has now been changed: The function will now also remove these. +++ ** Temporary buffers no longer run certain buffer hooks. The macros 'with-temp-buffer' and 'with-temp-file' no longer run the hooks 'kill-buffer-hook', 'kill-buffer-query-functions', and 'buffer-list-update-hook' for the temporary buffers they create. This avoids slowing them down when a lot of these hooks are defined. +++ ** New face 'child-frame-border' and frame parameter 'child-frame-border-width'. The face and width of child frames borders can now be determined separately from those of normal frames. To minimize backward incompatibility, child frames without a 'child-frame-border-width' parameter will fall back to using 'internal-border-width'. However, the new 'child-frame-border' face does constitute a breaking change since child frames' borders no longer use the 'internal-border' face. --- ** 'run-at-time' now tries harder to implement the t TIME parameter. If TIME is t, the timer runs at an integral multiple of REPEAT. (I.e., if given a REPEAT of 60, it'll run at 08:11:00, 08:12:00, 08:13:00.) However, when a machine goes to sleep (or otherwise didn't get a time slot to run when the timer was scheduled), the timer would then fire every 60 seconds after the time the timer was fired. This has now changed, and the timer code now recomputes the integral multiple every time it runs, which means that if the laptop wakes at 08:16:43, it'll fire at that time, but then at 08:17:00, 08:18:00... --- ** 'parse-partial-sexp' now signals an error if TO is smaller than FROM. Previously, this would lead to the function interpreting FROM as TO and vice versa, which would be confusing when passing in OLDSTATE, which refers to the old state at FROM. +++ ** 'global-mode-string' constructs should end with a space. This was previously not formalized, which led to combinations of modes displaying data "smushed together" on the mode line. +++ ** 'overlays-in' now handles zero-length overlays slightly differently. Previously, zero-length overlays at the end of the buffer were included in the result (if the region queried for stopped at that position). The same was not the case if the buffer had been narrowed to exclude the real end of the buffer. This has now been changed, and zero-length overlays at 'point-max' are always included in the results. --- ** 'replace-match' now runs modification hooks slightly later. The function is documented to leave point after the replacement text, but this was not always the case if a modification hook inserted text in front of the replaced text -- 'replace-match' would instead leave point where the end of the inserted text would have been before the hook ran. 'replace-match' now always leaves point after the replacement text. +++ ** 'completing-read-default' sets completion variables buffer-locally. 'minibuffer-completion-table' and related variables are now set buffer-locally in the minibuffer instead of being set via a global let-binding. --- ** XML serialization functions now reject invalid characters. Previously, 'xml-print' would produce invalid XML when given a string with characters that are not valid in XML (see https://www.w3.org/TR/xml/#charsets). Now it rejects such strings. --- ** JSON --- *** JSON number parsing is now stricter. Numbers with a leading plus sign, leading zeros, or a missing integer component are now rejected by 'json-read' and friends. This makes them more compliant with the JSON specification and consistent with the native JSON parsing functions. --- *** JSON functions support the semantics of RFC 8259. The JSON functions 'json-serialize', 'json-insert', 'json-parse-string', and 'json-parse-buffer' now implement some of the semantics of RFC 8259 instead of the earlier RFC 4627. In particular, these functions now accept top-level JSON values that are neither arrays nor objects. --- *** Some JSON encoding functions are now obsolete. The functions 'json-encode-number', 'json-encode-hash-table', 'json-encode-key', and 'json-encode-list' are now obsolete. The first two are kept as aliases of 'json-encode', which should be used instead. Uses of 'json-encode-list' should be changed to call one of 'json-encode', 'json-encode-alist', 'json-encode-plist', or 'json-encode-array' instead. +++ *** Native JSON functions now signal an error if libjansson is unavailable. This affects 'json-serialize', 'json-insert', 'json-parse-string', and 'json-parse-buffer'. This can happen if Emacs was compiled with libjansson, but the DLL cannot be found and/or loaded by Emacs at run time. Previously, Emacs would display a message and return nil in these cases. +++ ** The use of positional arguments in 'define-minor-mode' is obsolete. These were actually rendered obsolete in Emacs 21 but were never marked as such. --- ** 'pcomplete-ignore-case' is now an obsolete alias of 'completion-ignore-case'. +++ ** 'completions-annotations' face is not used when the caller puts own face. This affects the suffix specified by completion 'annotation-function'. +++ ** An active minibuffer now has major mode 'minibuffer-mode'. This is instead of the erroneous 'minibuffer-inactive-mode' it formerly had. --- ** 'make-text-button' no longer modifies text properties of its first argument. When its first argument is a string, 'make-text-button' no longer modifies the string's text properties; instead, it uses and returns a copy of the string. This helps avoid trouble when strings are shared or constants. +++ ** Some properties from completion tables are now preserved. If 'minibuffer-allow-text-properties' is non-nil, doing completion over a table of strings with properties will no longer remove all the properties before returning. This affects things like 'completing-read'. --- ** 'dns-query' now consistently uses Lisp integers to represent integers. Formerly it made an exception for integer components of SOA records, because SOA serial numbers can exceed fixnum ranges on 32-bit platforms. Emacs now supports bignums so this old glitch is no longer needed. +++ ** The '&define' keyword in an Edebug specification now disables backtracking. The implementation was buggy, and multiple '&define' forms in an '&or' form should be exceedingly rare. See the Info node "(elisp) Backtracking" in the Emacs Lisp reference manual for background. +++ ** The error 'ftp-error' belongs also to category 'remote-file-error'. +++ ** The WHEN argument of 'make-obsolete' and related functions is mandatory. The use of those functions without a WHEN argument was marked obsolete back in Emacs 23.1. The affected functions are: 'make-obsolete', 'define-obsolete-function-alias', 'make-obsolete-variable', 'define-obsolete-variable-alias'. +++ ** 'inhibit-nul-byte-detection' is renamed to 'inhibit-null-byte-detection'. --- ** Some functions are no longer considered safe by 'unsafep': 'replace-regexp-in-string', 'catch', 'throw', 'error', 'signal' and 'play-sound-file'. --- ** 'sql-*-statement-starters' are no longer user options. These variables describe facts about the SQL standard and product-specific additions. There should be no need for users to customize them. --- ** Some locale-related variables have been removed. The Lisp variables 'previous-system-messages-locale' and 'previous-system-time-locale' have been removed, as they were created by mistake and were not useful to Lisp code. --- ** Function 'lm-maintainer' is replaced with 'lm-maintainers'. The former is now declared obsolete. +++ ** 'facemenu.el' is no longer preloaded. To use functions/variables from the package, you now have to say '(require 'facemenu)' or similar. --- ** 'facemenu-color-alist' is now obsolete, and is not used. --- ** The variable 'keyboard-type' is obsolete and not dynamically scoped any more. +++ ** The 'values' variable is now obsolete. Using it just contributes to the growth of the Emacs memory footprint. --- ** The 'load-dangerous-libraries' variable is now obsolete. It was used to allow loading Lisp libraries compiled by XEmacs, a modified version of Emacs which is no longer actively maintained. This is no longer supported, and setting this variable has no effect. +++ ** The macro 'with-displayed-buffer-window' is now obsolete. Use macro 'with-current-buffer-window' with action alist entry 'body-function'. --- ** The rfc2368.el library is now obsolete. Use rfc6068.el instead. The main difference is that 'rfc2368-parse-mailto-url' and 'rfc2368-unhexify-string' assumed that the strings were all-ASCII, while 'rfc6068-parse-mailto-url' and 'rfc6068-unhexify-string' parse UTF-8 strings. --- ** The inversion.el library is now obsolete. --- ** The metamail.el library is now obsolete. ** Edebug changes --- *** 'get-edebug-spec' is obsolete, replaced by 'edebug-get-spec'. +++ *** The spec operator ':name NAME' is obsolete, use '&name' instead. +++ *** The spec element 'function-form' is obsolete, use 'form' instead. +++ *** New function 'def-edebug-elem-spec' to define Edebug spec elements. These used to be defined with 'def-edebug-spec' thus conflating the two name spaces, which lead to name collisions. The use of 'def-edebug-spec' to define Edebug spec elements is declared obsolete. --- ** The sb-image.el library is now obsolete. This was a compatibility kludge which is no longer needed. --- ** Some libraries obsolete since Emacs 23 have been removed: ledit.el, lmenu.el, lucid.el and old-whitespace.el. --- ** Some functions and variables obsolete since Emacs 23 have been removed: 'GOLD-map', 'advertised-xscheme-send-previous-expression', 'allout-init', 'bookmark-jump-noselect', 'bookmark-read-annotation-text-func', 'buffer-menu-mode-hook', 'c-forward-into-nomenclature', 'char-coding-system-table', 'char-valid-p', 'charset-bytes', 'charset-id', 'charset-list', 'choose-completion-delete-max-match', 'complete-in-turn', 'completion-base-size', 'completion-common-substring', 'crm-minibuffer-complete', 'crm-minibuffer-complete-and-exit', 'crm-minibuffer-completion-help', 'custom-mode', 'custom-mode-hook', 'define-key-rebound-commands', 'define-mode-overload-implementation', 'detect-coding-with-priority', 'dirtrack-debug', 'dirtrack-debug-toggle', 'dynamic-completion-table', 'easy-menu-precalculate-equivalent-keybindings', 'epa-display-verify-result', 'epg-passphrase-callback-function', 'erc-announced-server-name', 'erc-default-coding-system', 'erc-process', 'erc-send-command', 'eshell-report-bug', 'eval-next-after-load', 'exchange-dot-and-mark', 'ffap-bug', 'ffap-submit-bug', 'ffap-version', 'file-cache-mouse-choose-completion', 'forward-point', 'generic-char-p', 'global-highlight-changes', 'hi-lock-face-history', 'hi-lock-regexp-history', 'highlight-changes-active-string', 'highlight-changes-initial-state', 'highlight-changes-passive-string', 'icalendar--datetime-to-noneuropean-date', 'image-mode-maybe', 'imenu-example--name-and-position', 'ispell-aspell-supports-utf8', 'lisp-mode-auto-fill', 'locate-file-completion', 'make-coding-system', 'menu-bar-files-menu', 'minibuffer-local-must-match-filename-map', 'mouse-choose-completion', 'mouse-major-mode-menu', 'mouse-popup-menubar', 'mouse-popup-menubar-stuff', 'newsticker-groups-filename', 'nnir-swish-e-index-file', 'nnmail-fix-eudora-headers', 'non-iso-charset-alist', 'nonascii-insert-offset', 'nonascii-translation-table', 'password-read-and-add', 'pre-abbrev-expand-hook', 'princ-list', 'print-help-return-message', 'process-filter-multibyte-p', 'read-file-name-predicate', 'remember-buffer', 'rmail-highlight-face', 'rmail-message-filter', 'semantic-after-idle-scheduler-reparse-hooks', 'semantic-after-toplevel-bovinate-hook', 'semantic-before-idle-scheduler-reparse-hooks', 'semantic-before-toplevel-bovination-hook', 'semantic-bovinate-from-nonterminal-full', 'semantic-bovinate-region-until-error', 'semantic-bovinate-toplevel', 'semantic-bovination-working-type', 'semantic-decorate-pending-decoration-hooks', 'semantic-edits-incremental-reparse-failed-hooks', 'semantic-eldoc-current-symbol-info', 'semantic-expand-nonterminal', 'semantic-file-token-stream', 'semantic-find-dependency', 'semantic-find-nonterminal', 'semantic-flex', 'semantic-flex-buffer', 'semantic-flex-keyword-get', 'semantic-flex-keyword-p', 'semantic-flex-keyword-put', 'semantic-flex-keywords', 'semantic-flex-list', 'semantic-flex-make-keyword-table', 'semantic-flex-map-keywords', 'semantic-flex-token-end', 'semantic-flex-token-start', 'semantic-flex-token-text', 'semantic-imenu-bucketize-type-parts', 'semantic-imenu-expand-type-parts', 'semantic-imenu-expandable-token', 'semantic-init-db-hooks', 'semantic-init-hooks', 'semantic-init-mode-hooks', 'semantic-java-prototype-nonterminal', 'semantic-nonterminal-abstract', 'semantic-nonterminal-full-name', 'semantic-nonterminal-leaf', 'semantic-nonterminal-protection', 'semantic-something-to-stream', 'semantic-tag-make-assoc-list', 'semantic-token-type-parent', 'semantic-toplevel-bovine-cache', 'semantic-toplevel-bovine-table', 'semanticdb-mode-hooks', 'set-coding-priority', 'set-process-filter-multibyte', 'shadows-compare-text-p', 'shell-dirtrack-toggle', 'speedbar-navigating-speed', 'speedbar-update-speed', 't-mouse-mode', 'term-dynamic-simple-complete', 'tooltip-hook', 'tpu-have-ispell', 'url-generate-unique-filename', 'url-temporary-directory', 'vc-arch-command', 'vc-default-working-revision' (variable), 'vc-mtn-command', 'vc-revert-buffer', 'vc-workfile-version', 'vcursor-toggle-vcursor-map', 'w32-focus-frame', 'w32-select-font', 'wisent-lex-make-token-table'. --- ** Some functions and variables obsolete since Emacs 22 have been removed: 'erc-current-network', 'gnus-article-hide-pgp-hook', 'gnus-inews-mark-gcc-as-read', 'gnus-treat-display-xface', 'gnus-treat-strip-pgp', 'nnmail-spool-file'. --- ** The obsolete function 'thread-alive-p' has been removed. --- ** The variable 'force-new-style-backquotes' has been removed. This removes the final remaining trace of old-style backquotes. --- ** Some obsolete variable and function aliases in dbus.el have been removed. In Emacs 24.3, the variable 'dbus-event-error-hooks' was renamed to 'dbus-event-error-functions' and the function 'dbus-call-method-non-blocking' was renamed to 'dbus-call-method'. The old names, which were kept as obsolete aliases of the new names, have now been removed. --- ** 'find-function-source-path' renamed and re-documented. The 'find-function' command (and various related commands) were documented to respect 'find-function-source-path', and to search for objects in files specified by that variable. It's unclear when this actually changed, but at some point (perhaps decades ago) these commands started using 'load-history' to determine where symbols had been defined (which is much faster). The doc strings of all the affected function has been updated. 'find-function-source-path' was still being used by 'find-library' and related commands, so the variable has been renamed to 'find-library-source-path', and 'find-function-source-path' is now an obsolete variable alias. * Lisp Changes in Emacs 28.1 +++ ** The 'interactive' syntax has been extended to allow listing applicable modes. Forms like '(interactive "p" dired-mode)' can be used to annotate the commands as being applicable for modes derived from 'dired-mode', or if the mode is a minor mode, that the current buffer has that minor mode activated. Note that using this form will create byte code that is not compatible with byte code in previous Emacs versions. +++ ** New forms to declare how completion should happen has been added. '(declare (completion PREDICATE))' can be used as a general predicate to say whether the command should be present when completing with 'M-x TAB'. '(declare (modes MODE...))' can be used as a short-hand way of saying that the command should be present when completing from buffers in major modes derived from MODE..., or, if it's a minor mode, whether that minor mode is enabled in the current buffer. +++ ** 'define-minor-mode' now takes an ':interactive' argument. This can be used for specifying which modes this minor mode is meant for, or to make the new minor mode non-interactive. The default value is t. +++ ** 'define-derived-mode' now takes an ':interactive' argument. This can be used to control whether the defined mode is a command or not, and is useful when defining commands that aren't meant to be used by users directly. +++ ** 'define-globalized-minor-mode' now takes a ':predicate' parameter. This can be used to control which major modes the minor mode should be used in. +++ ** 'condition-case' now allows for a success handler. It is written as '(:success BODY...)' where BODY is executed whenever the protected form terminates without error, with the specified variable bound to the the value of the protected form. +++ ** New function 'benchmark-call' to measure the execution time of a function. Additionally, the number of repetitions can be expressed as a minimal duration in seconds. +++ ** The value thrown to the 'exit' label can now be a function. This is in addition to values t or nil. If the value is a function, the command loop will call it with zero arguments before returning. +++ ** The behavior of 'format-spec' is now closer to that of 'format'. In order for the two functions to behave more consistently, 'format-spec' now pads and truncates based on string width rather than length, and also supports format specifications that include a truncating precision field, such as "%.2a". --- ** 'defvar' detects the error of defining a variable currently lexically bound. Such mixes are always signs that the outer lexical binding was an error and should have used dynamic binding instead. --- ** New variable 'inhibit-mouse-event-check'. If bound to non-nil, a command with '(interactive "e")' doesn't signal an error when invoked by input event that is not a mouse click (e.g., a key sequence). --- ** New variable 'redisplay-skip-initial-frame' to enable batch redisplay tests. Setting it to nil forces the redisplay to do its job even in the initial frame used in batch mode. +++ ** Doc strings can now link to customization groups. Text like "customization group `whitespace'" will be made into a button. When clicked, it'll take the user to a Custom buffer displaying that customization group. +++ ** Buffers can now be created with certain hooks disabled. The functions 'get-buffer-create' and 'generate-new-buffer' accept a new optional argument INHIBIT-BUFFER-HOOKS. If non-nil, the new buffer does not run the hooks 'kill-buffer-hook', 'kill-buffer-query-functions', and 'buffer-list-update-hook'. This avoids slowing down internal or temporary buffers that are never presented to users or passed on to other applications. +++ ** New command 'make-directory-autoloads'. This does the same as the old command 'update-directory-autoloads', but has different semantics: Instead of passing in the output file via the dynamically bound 'generated-autoload-file' variable, the output file is now a explicit parameter. --- ** Dragging a file into Emacs pushes the file name onto 'file-name-history'. --- ** The 'easymenu' library is now preloaded. --- ** The 'iso-transl' library is now preloaded. This means that keystrokes like 'Alt-[' are defined by default, instead of only becoming available after doing (for instance) 'C-x 8 '. --- ** ':safe' settings in 'defcustom' are now propagated to the loaddefs files. +++ ** ERT can now output more verbose test failure reports. If the 'EMACS_TEST_VERBOSE' environment variable is set, failure summaries will include the failing condition. ** Byte compiler changes +++ *** New byte-compiler check for missing dynamic variable declarations. It is meant as an (experimental) aid for converting Emacs Lisp code to lexical binding, where dynamic (special) variables bound in one file can affect code in another. For details, see the manual section "(elisp) Converting to Lexical Binding". +++ *** 'byte-recompile-directory' can now compile symlinked ".el" files. This is achieved by giving a non-nil FOLLOW-SYMLINKS parameter. --- *** The byte-compiler now warns about too wide documentation strings. By default, it will warn if a documentation string is wider than the largest of 'byte-compile-docstring-max-column' or 'fill-column' characters. +++ *** 'byte-compile-file' optional argument LOAD is now obsolete. To load the file after byte-compiling, add a call to 'load' from Lisp or use 'M-x emacs-lisp-byte-compile-and-load' interactively. ** Macroexp --- *** New function 'macroexp-file-name' to know the name of the current file. --- *** New function 'macroexp-compiling-p' to know if we're compiling. --- *** New function 'macroexp-warn-and-return' to help emit warnings. This used to be named 'macroexp--warn-and-return' and has proved useful and well-behaved enough to lose the "internal" marker. ** map.el *** Pcase 'map' pattern added keyword symbols abbreviation. A pattern like '(map :sym)' binds the map's value for ':sym' to 'sym', equivalent to '(map (:sym sym))'. --- *** The function 'map-copy' now uses 'copy-alist' on alists. This is a slightly deeper copy than the previous 'copy-sequence'. --- *** The function 'map-contains-key' now supports plists. --- *** More consistent duplicate key handling in 'map-merge-with'. Until now, 'map-merge-with' promised to call its function argument whenever multiple maps contained 'eql' keys. However, this did not always coincide with the keys that were actually merged, which could be 'equal' instead. The function argument is now called whenever keys are merged, for greater consistency with 'map-merge' and 'map-elt'. ** pcase +++ *** The 'or' pattern now binds the union of the vars of its sub-patterns. If a variable is not bound by the subpattern that matched, it gets bound to nil. This was already sometimes the case, but it is now guaranteed. +++ *** The 'pred' pattern can now take the form '(pred (not FUN))'. This is like '(pred (lambda (x) (not (FUN x))))' but results in better code. --- *** New function 'pcase-compile-patterns' to write other macros. +++ *** Added 'cl-type' pattern. The new 'cl-type' pattern compares types using 'cl-typep', which allows comparing simple types like '(cl-type integer)', as well as forms like '(cl-type (integer 0 10))'. +++ *** New macro 'pcase-setq'. This macro is the 'setq' equivalent of 'pcase-let', which allows for destructuring patterns in a 'setq' form. ** Edebug *** Edebug specification lists can use some new keywords: +++ **** '&interpose SPEC FUN ARGS..' lets FUN control parsing after SPEC. More specifically, FUN is called with 'HEAD PF ARGS..' where PF is a parsing function that expects a single argument (the specs to use) and HEAD is the code that matched SPEC. +++ **** '&error MSG' unconditionally aborts the current edebug instrumentation. +++ **** '&name SPEC FUN' extracts the current name from the code matching SPEC. ** Dynamic modules changes +++ *** Type aliases for module functions and finalizers. The module header 'emacs-module.h' now contains type aliases 'emacs_function' and 'emacs_finalizer' for module functions and finalizers, respectively. +++ *** Module functions can now be made interactive. Use 'make_interactive' to give a module function an interactive specification. +++ *** Module functions can now install an optional finalizer. The finalizer is called when the function object is garbage-collected. Use 'set_function_finalizer' to set the finalizer and 'get_function_finalizer' to retrieve it. +++ *** Modules can now open a channel to an existing pipe process. Modules can use the new module function 'open_channel' to do that. On capable systems, modules can use this functionality to asynchronously send data back to Emacs. +++ *** A new module API 'make_unibyte_string'. It can be used to create Lisp strings with arbitrary byte sequences (a.k.a. "raw bytes"). +++ ** New function 'string-search'. This function takes two string parameters and returns the position of the first instance of the former string in the latter. +++ ** New function 'string-replace'. This function works along the line of 'replace-regexp-in-string', but it matches on fixed strings instead of regexps, and does not change the global match state. +++ ** New function 'split-string-shell-command'. This splits a shell command string into separate components, respecting quoting with single ('like this') and double ("like this") quotes, as well as backslash quoting (like\ this). +++ ** New function 'string-clean-whitespace'. This removed whitespace from a string +++ ** New function 'string-fill'. Word-wrap a string so that no lines are longer that a specific length. +++ ** New function 'string-limit'. Return (up to) a specific substring length. +++ ** New function 'string-lines'. Return a list of strings representing the individual lines in a string. +++ ** New function 'string-pad'. Pad a string to a specific length. +++ ** New function 'string-chop-newline'. Remove a trailing newline from a string. +++ ** New function 'replace-regexp-in-region'. +++ ** New function 'replace-string-in-region'. +++ ** New function 'file-name-with-extension'. This function allows a canonical way to set/replace the extension of a file name. +++ ** New function 'file-modes-number-to-symbolic' to convert a numeric file mode specification into symbolic form. +++ ** New function 'file-name-concat'. This appends file name components to a directory name and returns the result. +++ ** New function 'file-backup-file-names'. This function returns the list of file names of all the backup files for the specified file. +++ ** New function 'directory-empty-p'. This predicate tests whether a given file name is an accessible directory and whether it contains no other directories or files. +++ ** New function 'buffer-local-boundp'. This predicate says whether a symbol is bound in a specific buffer. +++ ** New function 'always'. This is identical to 'ignore', but returns t instead. +++ ** New function 'sxhash-equal-including-properties'. This is identical to 'sxhash-equal' but also accounts for string properties. --- ** New function 'buffer-line-statistics'. This function returns some statistics about the line lengths in a buffer. --- ** New function 'color-values-from-color-spec'. This can be used to parse RGB color specs in several formats and convert them to a list '(R G B)' of primary color values. --- ** New function 'custom-add-choice'. This function can be used by modes to add elements to the 'choice' customization type of a variable. --- ** New function 'decoded-time-period'. It interprets a decoded time structure as a period and returns the equivalent period in seconds. +++ ** New function 'dom-print'. +++ ** New function 'dom-remove-attribute'. --- ** New function 'dns-query-asynchronous'. It takes the same parameters as 'dns-query', but adds a callback parameter. ** New function 'garbage-collect-maybe' to trigger GC early. --- ** New function 'get-locale-names'. This utility function returns a list of names of locales available on the current system. +++ ** New function 'insert-into-buffer'. This inserts the contents of the current buffer into another buffer. +++ ** New function 'json-available-p'. This predicate returns non-nil if Emacs is built with libjansson support, and it is available on the current system. --- ** New function 'mail-header-parse-addresses-lax'. This takes a comma-separated string and returns a list of mail/name pairs. --- ** New function 'mail-header-parse-address-lax'. Parse a string as a mail address-like string. --- ** New function 'make-separator-line'. Make a string appropriate for usage as a visual separator line. +++ ** New function 'object-intervals'. This function returns a copy of the list of intervals (i.e., text properties) in the object in question (which must either be a string or a buffer). +++ ** New function 'process-lines-ignore-status'. This is like 'process-lines', but does not signal an error if the return status is non-zero. 'process-lines-handling-status' has also been added, and takes a callback to handle the return status. +++ ** New function 'require-theme'. This function is like 'require', but searches 'custom-theme-load-path' instead of 'load-path'. It can be used by Custom themes to load supporting Lisp files when 'require' is unsuitable. +++ ** New function 'seq-union'. This function takes two sequences and returns a list of all elements that appear in either of them, with no two elements that compare equal appearing in the result. +++ ** New function 'syntax-class-to-char'. This does almost the opposite of 'string-to-syntax' -- it returns the syntax descriptor (a character) given a raw syntax descriptor (an integer). +++ ** New functions 'null-device' and 'path-separator'. These functions return the connection local value of the respective variables. This can be used for remote hosts. +++ ** New predicate functions 'length<', 'length>' and 'length='. Using these functions may be more efficient than using 'length' (if the length of a (long) list is being computed just to compare this length to a number). +++ ** New macro 'dlet' to dynamically bind variables. +++ ** New macro 'with-existing-directory'. This macro binds 'default-directory' to some other existing directory if 'default-directory' doesn't exist, and then executes the body forms. +++ ** New variable 'current-minibuffer-command'. This is like 'this-command', but it is bound recursively when entering the minibuffer. +++ ** New variable 'inhibit-interaction' to make user prompts signal an error. If this is bound to something non-nil, functions like 'read-from-minibuffer', 'read-char' (and related) will signal an 'inhibited-interaction' error. --- ** New variable 'indent-line-ignored-functions'. This allows modes to cycle through a set of indentation functions appropriate for those modes. +++ ** New variable 'print-integers-as-characters' modifies integer printing. If this variable is non-nil, character syntax is used for printing numbers when this makes sense, such as '?A' for 65. +++ ** New variable 'tty-menu-calls-mouse-position-function'. This controls whether 'mouse-position-function' is called by functions that retrieve the mouse position when that happens during TTY menu handling. Lisp programs that set 'mouse-position-function' should also set this variable non-nil if they are compatible with the tty menu handling. +++ ** New variables that hold default buffer names for shell output. The new constants 'shell-command-buffer-name' and 'shell-command-buffer-name-async' store the default buffer names for the output of, respectively, synchronous and async shell commands. --- ** New variables 'read-char-choice-use-read-key' and 'y-or-n-p-use-read-key'. When non-nil, then functions 'read-char-choice' and 'y-or-n-p' (respectively) use the function 'read-key' to read a character instead of using the minibuffer. +++ ** New variable 'global-minor-modes'. This variable holds a list of currently enabled global minor modes (as a list of symbols). +++ ** New buffer-local variable 'local-minor-modes'. This permanently buffer-local variable holds a list of currently enabled non-global minor modes in the current buffer (as a list of symbols). +++ ** New completion function 'affixation-function' to add prefix/suffix. It accepts a list of completions and should return a list where each element is a list with three elements: a completion, a prefix string, and a suffix string. +++ ** New completion function 'group-function' for grouping candidates. It takes two arguments: a completion candidate and a 'transform' flag. +++ ** New error symbol 'minibuffer-quit'. Signaling it has almost the same effect as 'quit' except that it doesn't cause keyboard macro termination. +++ ** New error 'remote-file-error', a subcategory of 'file-error'. It is signaled if a remote file operation fails due to internal reasons, and could block Emacs. It does not replace 'file-error' signals for the usual cases. Timers, process filters and process functions, which run remote file operations, shall protect themselves against this error. If such an error occurs, please report this as bug via 'M-x report-emacs-bug'. Until it is solved you could ignore such errors by performing (setq debug-ignored-errors (cons 'remote-file-error debug-ignored-errors)) +++ ** New macro 'named-let' added to subr-x.el. It provides Scheme's "named let" looping construct. --- ** Emacs now attempts to test for high-rate subprocess output more fairly. When several subprocesses produce output simultaneously at high rate, Emacs will now by default attempt to service them all in a round-robin fashion. Set the new variable 'process-prioritize-lower-fds' to a non-nil value to get back the old behavior, whereby after reading from a subprocess, Emacs would check for output of other subprocesses in a way that is likely to read from the same process again. +++ ** 'set-process-buffer' now updates the process mark. The mark will be set to point to the end of the new buffer. +++ ** 'unlock-buffer' displays warnings instead of signaling. Instead of signaling 'file-error' conditions for file system level errors, the function now calls 'display-warning' and continues as if the error did not occur. +++ ** 'read-char-from-minibuffer' and 'y-or-n-p' support 'help-form'. If you bind 'help-form' to a non-nil value while calling these functions, then pressing 'C-h' ('help-char') causes the function to evaluate 'help-form' and display the result. +++ ** 'read-number' now has its own history variable. Additionally, the function now accepts a HIST argument which can be used to specify a custom history variable. +++ ** 'set-window-configuration' now takes two optional parameters, 'dont-set-frame' and 'dont-set-miniwindow'. The first of these, when non-nil, instructs the function not to select the frame recorded in the configuration. The second prevents the current minibuffer being replaced by the one stored in the configuration. --- ** 'count-windows' now takes an optional parameter ALL-FRAMES. The semantics are as with 'walk-windows'. +++ ** 'truncate-string-ellipsis' now uses '…' by default. Modes that use 'truncate-string-to-width' with non-nil, non-string argument ELLIPSIS, will now indicate truncation using '…' when the selected frame can display it, and using "..." otherwise. +++ ** 'string-width' now accepts two optional arguments FROM and TO. This allows calculating the width of a substring without consing a new string. +++ ** 'directory-files' now takes an additional COUNT parameter. The parameter makes 'directory-files' return COUNT first file names from a directory. If MATCH is also given, the function will return first COUNT file names that match the expression. The same COUNT parameter has been added to 'directory-files-and-attributes'. +++ ** 'count-lines' now takes an optional parameter to ignore invisible lines. --- ** 'count-words' now crosses field boundaries. Originally, 'count-words' would stop counting at the first field boundary it encountered; now it keeps counting all the way to the region's (or buffer's) end. +++ ** File-related APIs can optionally follow symlinks. The functions 'file-modes', 'set-file-modes', and 'set-file-times' now have an optional argument specifying whether to follow symbolic links. +++ ** 'format-seconds' can now be used for sub-second times. The new optional "," parameter has been added, and '(format-seconds "%mm %,1ss" 66.4)' will now result in "1m 6.4s". +++ ** 'parse-time-string' can now parse ISO 8601 format strings. These have the format like "2020-01-15T16:12:21-08:00". --- ** 'make-network-process', 'make-serial-process' ':coding' behavior change. Previously, passing ':coding nil' to either of these functions would override any non-nil binding for 'coding-system-for-read' and 'coding-system-for-write'. For consistency with 'make-process' and 'make-pipe-process', passing ':coding nil' is now ignored. No code in Emacs depended on the previous behavior; if you really want the process' coding-system to be nil, use 'set-process-coding-system' after the process has been created, or pass in ':coding '(nil nil)'. +++ ** 'open-network-stream' now accepts a ':coding' argument. This allows specifying the coding systems used by a network process for encoding and decoding without having to bind 'coding-system-for-{read,write}' or call 'set-process-coding-system'. +++ ** 'open-network-stream' can now take a ':capability-command' that's a function. The function is called with the greeting from the server as its only parameter, and allows sending different TLS capability commands to the server based on that greeting. +++ ** 'open-gnutls-stream' now also accepts a ':coding' argument. --- ** 'process-attributes' now works under OpenBSD, too. +++ ** 'format-spec' now takes an optional SPLIT parameter. If non-nil, 'format-spec' will split the resulting string into a list of strings, based on where the format specs (and expansions) were. --- ** 'unload-feature' now also tries to undo additions to buffer-local hooks. --- ** 'while-no-input-ignore-events' accepts more special events. The special events 'dbus-event' and 'file-notify' are now ignored in 'while-no-input' when added to this variable. --- ** 'start-process-shell-command' and 'start-file-process-shell-command' do not support the old calling conventions any longer. +++ ** 'yes-or-no-p' and 'y-or-n-p' PROMPT parameter no longer needs trailing space. In other words, the prompt can now end with "?" instead of "? ". This has been the case since Emacs 24.4 but was not announced or documented until now. (Checkdoc has also been updated to accept this convention.) +++ ** The 'uniquify' argument in 'auto-save-file-name-transforms' can be a symbol. If this symbol is one of the members of 'secure-hash-algorithms', Emacs constructs the nondirectory part of the auto-save file name by applying that 'secure-hash' to the buffer file name. This avoids any risk of excessively long file names. +++ ** New user option 'process-file-return-signal-string'. It controls, whether 'process-file' returns a string when a remote process is interrupted by a signal. ** EIEIO Changes +++ *** The macro 'oref-default' can now be used with 'setf'. It is now defined as a generalized variable that can be used with 'setf' to modify the value stored in a given class slot. --- *** 'form' in '(eql form)' specializers in 'cl-defmethod' is now evaluated. This corresponds to the behavior of defmethod in Common Lisp Object System. For compatibility, '(eql SYMBOL)' does not evaluate SYMBOL, for now. ** D-Bus +++ *** Property values can be typed explicitly. 'dbus-register-property' and 'dbus-set-property' accept now optional type symbols. Both functions propagate D-Bus errors. +++ *** Registered properties can have the new access type ':write'. +++ *** In case of problems, handlers can emit proper D-Bus error messages now. +++ *** D-Bus errors, which have been converted from incoming D-Bus error messages, contain the error name of that message now. +++ *** D-Bus messages can be monitored with the new command 'dbus-monitor'. +++ *** D-Bus events have changed their internal structure. They carry now the destination and the error-name of an event. They also keep the type information of their arguments. Use the 'dbus-event-*' accessor functions. ** Buttons +++ *** New minor mode 'button-mode'. This minor mode does nothing else than install 'button-buffer-map' as a minor mode map (which binds the 'TAB' / 'S-TAB' key bindings to navigate to buttons), and can be used in any view-mode-like buffer that has buttons in it. +++ *** New utility function 'button-buttonize'. This function takes a string and returns a string propertized in a way that makes it a valid button. --- ** 'text-scale-mode' can now adjust font size of the header line. When the new buffer local variable 'text-scale-remap-header-line' is non-nil, 'text-scale-adjust' will also scale the text in the header line when displaying that buffer. This is useful for major modes that arrange their display in a tabular form below the header line. It is enabled by default in 'tabulated-list-mode' and its derived modes. --- ** 'ascii' is now a coding system alias for 'us-ascii'. --- ** New coding-systems for EBCDIC variants. New coding-systems 'ibm256', 'ibm273', 'ibm274', 'ibm277', 'ibm278', 'ibm280', 'ibm281', 'ibm284', 'ibm285', 'ibm290', 'ibm297'. These are variants of the EBCDIC encoding tailored to some European and Japanese locales. They are also available as aliases 'ebcdic-cp-*' (e.g., 'ebcdic-cp-fi' for the Finnish variant 'ibm278'), and 'cp2xx' (e.g., 'cp278' for 'ibm278'). There are also new charsets 'ibm2xx' to support these coding-systems. +++ ** New 'Bindat type expression' description language. This new system is provided by the new macro 'bindat-type' and obsoletes the old data layout specifications. It supports arbitrary-size integers, recursive types, and more. See the Info node "(elisp) Byte Packing" in the ELisp manual for more details. * Changes in Emacs 28.1 on Non-Free Operating Systems +++ ** On MS-Windows, Emacs can now use the native image API to display images. Emacs can now use the MS-Windows GDI+ library to load and display images in JPEG, PNG, GIF and TIFF formats. This support is available unless Emacs was configured '--without-native-image-api'. This feature is experimental, and needs to be turned on to be used. To turn this on, set the variable 'w32-use-native-image-API' to a non-nil value. Please report any bugs you find while using the native image API via 'M-x report-emacs-bug'. +++ ** On MS-Windows, Emacs can now toggle the IME. A new function 'w32-set-ime-open-status' can now be used to disable and enable the MS-Windows native Input Method Editor (IME) at run time. A companion function 'w32-get-ime-open-status' returns the current IME activation status. -- ** On macOS, 's-' and 's-' are now bound to 'move-beginning-of-line' and 'move-end-of-line' respectively. The commands to select previous/next frame are still bound to 's-~' and 's-`'. +++ ** On macOS, Emacs can now load dynamic modules with a ".dylib" suffix. 'module-file-suffix' now has the value ".dylib" on macOS, but the ".so" suffix is supported as well. --- ** On macOS, the user option 'make-pointer-invisible' is now honored. --- ** On macOS, Xwidget is now supported. If Emacs was built with xwidget support, you can access the embedded webkit browser with 'M-x xwidget-webkit-browse-url'. Viewing two instances of xwidget webkit is not supported. --- *** Downloading files from xwidget-webkit is now supported. The new variable 'xwidget-webkit-download-dir' says where to download to. --- *** New command 'xwidget-webkit-clone-and-split-below'. Open a new window below displaying the current URL. --- *** New command 'xwidget-webkit-clone-and-split-right'. Open a new window to the right displaying the current URL. --- *** New variable 'xwidget-webkit-enable-plugins'. If non-nil, enable plugins in xwidget. (This is only available on macOS.) +++ ** New macOS Contacts back-end for EUDC. This backend works on newer versions of macOS and is generally preferred over the eudcb-mab.el backend. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- This file is part of GNU Emacs. GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with GNU Emacs. If not, see . Local variables: coding: utf-8 mode: outline paragraph-separate: "[ ]*$" end: