#+title: Modus themes for GNU Emacs #+author: Protesilaos Stavrou #+email: info@protesilaos.com #+language: en #+options: ':t toc:nil author:t email:t #+macro: stable-version 1.2.0 #+macro: release-date 2021-03-04 #+macro: development-version 1.3.0-dev #+macro: export-date (eval (format-time-string "%F %R %z" (current-time))) #+macro: file @@texinfo:@file{@@$1@@texinfo:}@@ # The "kbd" macro turns KBD into @kbd{KBD}. Additionally, it # encloses case-sensitive special keys (SPC, RET...) within @key{...}. # I got this from the Org source code. #+macro: kbd (eval (let ((case-fold-search nil) (regexp (regexp-opt '("SPC" "RET" "LFD" "TAB" "BS" "ESC" "DELETE" "SHIFT" "Ctrl" "Meta" "Alt" "Cmd" "Super" "UP" "LEFT" "RIGHT" "DOWN") 'words))) (format "@@texinfo:@kbd{@@%s@@texinfo:}@@" (replace-regexp-in-string regexp "@@texinfo:@key{@@\\&@@texinfo:}@@" $1 t)))) #+texinfo_filename: modus-themes.info #+texinfo_dir_category: Emacs misc features #+texinfo_dir_title: Modus Themes: (modus-themes) #+texinfo_dir_desc: Highly accessible themes (WCAG AAA) #+texinfo_header: @set MAINTAINERSITE @uref{https://protesilaos.com,maintainer webpage} #+texinfo_header: @set MAINTAINER Protesilaos Stavrou #+texinfo_header: @set MAINTAINEREMAIL @email{info@protesilaos.com} #+texinfo_header: @set MAINTAINERCONTACT @uref{mailto:info@protesilaos.com,contact the maintainer} #+texinfo: @insertcopying This manual, written by Protesilaos Stavrou, describes the customization options for the ~modus-operandi~ and ~modus-vivendi~ themes, and provides every other piece of information pertinent to them. The documentation furnished herein corresponds to stable version {{{stable-version}}}, released on {{{release-date}}}. Any reference to a newer feature which does not yet form part of the latest tagged commit, is explicitly marked as such. # Current development target is {{{development-version}}}. This manual was # built on {{{export-date}}}. #+toc: headlines 8 insert TOC here, with eight headline levels * COPYING :properties: :copying: t :custom_id: h:b14c3fcb-13dd-4144-9d92-2c58b3ed16d3 :end: Copyright (C) 2020-2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc. #+begin_quote Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover Texts. #+end_quote * Overview :properties: :custom_id: h:f0f3dbcb-602d-40cf-b918-8f929c441baf :end: The Modus themes are designed for accessible readability. They conform with the highest standard for color contrast between any given combination of background and foreground values. This corresponds to the WCAG AAA standard, which specifies a minimum rate of distance in relative luminance of 7:1. Modus Operandi (~modus-operandi~) is a light theme, while Modus Vivendi (~modus-vivendi~) is dark. Each theme's color palette is designed to meet the needs of the numerous interfaces that are possible in the Emacs computing environment. The overarching objective of this project is to always offer accessible color combinations. There shall never be a compromise on this principle. If there arises an inescapable trade-off between readability and stylistic considerations, we will always opt for the former. To ensure that users have a consistently accessible experience, the themes strive to achieve as close to full face coverage as possible ([[#h:a9c8f29d-7f72-4b54-b74b-ddefe15d6a19][Face coverage]]). Starting with version 0.12.0 and onwards, the themes are built into GNU Emacs. ** How do the themes look like :properties: :custom_id: h:69b92089-069c-4ba1-9d94-cc3415fc4f87 :end: #+cindex: Screenshots Check the web page with [[https://protesilaos.com/modus-themes-pictures/][the screen shots]]. There are lots of scenarios on display that draw attention to details and important aspects in the design of the themes. They also showcase the numerous customization options. [[#h:bf1c82f2-46c7-4eb2-ad00-dd11fdd8b53f][Customization options]]. ** Learn about the latest changes :properties: :custom_id: h:2cc37c36-6c1a-48b2-a010-1050b270ee18 :end: #+cindex: Changelog Please refer to the [[https://protesilaos.com/modus-themes-changelog][web page with the change log]]. It is comprehensive and covers everything that goes into every tagged release of the themes. * Installation :properties: :custom_id: h:1af85373-7f81-4c35-af25-afcef490c111 :end: The Modus themes are distributed with Emacs starting with version 28.1. On older versions of Emacs, they can be installed using Emacs' package manager or manually from their code repository. There also exist packages for distributions of GNU/Linux. ** Install manually from source :properties: :custom_id: h:da3414b7-1426-46b8-8e76-47b845b76fd0 :end: In the following example, we are assuming that your Emacs files are stored in =~/.emacs.d= and that you want to place the Modus themes in =~/.emacs.d/modus-themes=. 1. Get the source and store it in the desired path by running the following in the command line shell: : $ git clone https://gitlab.com/protesilaos/modus-themes.git ~/.emacs.d/modus-themes 2. Add that path to your known Elisp libraries' list, by placing this snippet of Emacs Lisp in your init file (e.g. {{{file(init.el)}}}): #+begin_src emacs-lisp (add-to-list 'load-path "~/.emacs.d/modus-themes") #+end_src The themes are now ready to be used: [[#h:3f3c3728-1b34-437d-9d0c-b110f5b161a9][Enable and load]]. ** Install from the archives :properties: :custom_id: h:c4b10085-149f-43e2-bd4d-347f33aee054 :end: The =modus-themes= package is available from the GNU ELPA archive, which is configured by default. Prior to querying any package archive, make sure to have updated the index, with {{{kbd(M-x package-refresh-contents)}}}. Then all you need to do is type {{{kbd(M-x package-install)}}} and specify the ~modus-themes~. Note that older versions of the themes used to be distributed as standalone packages. This practice has been discontinued starting with version 1.0.0 of this project. Once installed, the themes are ready to be used: [[#h:3f3c3728-1b34-437d-9d0c-b110f5b161a9][Enable and load]]. ** Install on GNU/Linux :properties: :custom_id: h:da640eb1-95dd-4e86-bb4e-1027b27885f0 :end: The themes are also available from the archives of some distributions of GNU/Linux. These should correspond to a tagged release rather than building directly from the latest Git commit. It all depends on the distro's packaging policies. *** Debian 11 Bullseye :properties: :custom_id: h:7e570360-9ee6-4bc5-8c04-9dc11418a3e4 :end: The themes are part of Debian 11 Bullseye. Get them with: #+begin_src sh sudo apt install elpa-modus-themes #+end_src They are now ready to be used: [[#h:3f3c3728-1b34-437d-9d0c-b110f5b161a9][Enable and load]]. *** GNU Guix :properties: :custom_id: h:a4ca52cd-869f-46a5-9e16-4d9665f5b88e :end: Users of Guix can get the themes with this command: #+begin_src sh guix package -i emacs-modus-themes #+end_src They are now ready to be used: [[#h:3f3c3728-1b34-437d-9d0c-b110f5b161a9][Enable and load]]. * Enable and load :properties: :custom_id: h:3f3c3728-1b34-437d-9d0c-b110f5b161a9 :end: #+findex: modus-themes-load-themes #+findex: modus-themes-toggle #+findex: modus-themes-load-operandi #+findex: modus-themes-load-vivendi #+cindex: Essential configuration #+vindex: modus-themes-after-load-theme-hook Before you load a theme, it is necessary to require the main library: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (require 'modus-themes) #+end_src Then load the individual theme files with the helper function ~modus-themes-load-themes~: #+begin_src emacs-lisp ;; Load the theme files before enabling a theme (else you get an error). (modus-themes-load-themes) #+end_src Once the libraries that define the themes are enabled, you can load a theme with either of the following expressions: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (modus-themes-load-operandi) ; Light theme ;; OR (modus-themes-load-vivendi) ; Dark theme #+end_src You may want to make some changes to the available customization options before loading a theme ([[#h:bf1c82f2-46c7-4eb2-ad00-dd11fdd8b53f][Customization Options]]). So this is how a basic setup should look like: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (require 'modus-themes) ;; Your customisations here. For example: (setq modus-themes-bold-constructs t modus-themes-mode-line '3d) ;; Load the theme files before enabling a theme (else you get an error). (modus-themes-load-themes) ;; Enable the theme of your preference: (modus-themes-load-operandi) ;; Optionally add a key binding for the toggle between the themes: (define-key global-map (kbd "") #'modus-themes-toggle) #+end_src [[#h:e979734c-a9e1-4373-9365-0f2cd36107b8][Sample configuration for use-package]]. With those granted, bear in mind a couple of technical points on ~modus-themes-load-operandi~ and ~modus-themes-load-vivendi~, as well as ~modus-themes-toggle~ which relies on them: 1. Those functions call ~load-theme~. Some users prefer to opt for ~enable-theme~ instead ([[#h:e68560b3-7fb0-42bc-a151-e015948f8a35][Differences between loading and enabling]]). 2. The functions will run the ~modus-themes-after-load-theme-hook~ as their final step. This can be employed for bespoke configurations ([[#h:f4651d55-8c07-46aa-b52b-bed1e53463bb][Advanced customization (do-it-yourself)]]). Experienced users may not wish to rely on such a hook and the functions that run it: they may prefer a custom solution ([[#h:86f6906b-f090-46cc-9816-1fe8aeb38776][A theme-agnostic hook for theme loading]]). ** Sample configuration for use-package :properties: :custom_id: h:e979734c-a9e1-4373-9365-0f2cd36107b8 :end: #+cindex: use-package configuration It is common for Emacs users to rely on ~use-package~ for declaring package configurations in their setup. We use this as an example: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (use-package modus-themes :ensure :init ;; Add all your customizations prior to loading the themes (setq modus-themes-slanted-constructs t modus-themes-bold-constructs nil) ;; Load the theme files before enabling a theme (else you get an error). (modus-themes-load-themes) :config ;; Load the theme of your choice: (modus-themes-load-operandi) ;; OR (modus-themes-load-vivendi) :bind ("" . modus-themes-toggle)) #+end_src [[#h:e68560b3-7fb0-42bc-a151-e015948f8a35][Differences between loading and enabling]]. Note: make sure not to customize the variable ~custom-theme-load-path~ or ~custom-theme-directory~ after the themes' package declaration. That will lead to failures in loading the files. If either or both of those variables need to be changed, their values should be defined before the package declaration of the themes. ** Differences between loading and enabling :properties: :custom_id: h:e68560b3-7fb0-42bc-a151-e015948f8a35 :end: #+cindex: load-theme VS enable-theme The reason we recommend ~load-theme~ instead of the other option of ~enable-theme~ is that the former does a kind of "reset" on the face specs. It quite literally loads (or re-loads) the theme. Whereas the latter simply puts an already loaded theme at the top of the list of enabled items, re-using whatever state was last loaded. As such, ~load-theme~ reads all customizations that may happen during any given Emacs session: even after the initial setup of a theme. Examples are calls to ~custom-set-faces~, as well as new values assigned to the options the Modus themes provide ([[#h:bf1c82f2-46c7-4eb2-ad00-dd11fdd8b53f][Customization Options]]). Our tests show that ~enable-theme~ does not read such variables anew, so it might appear to the unsuspecting user that the themes are somehow broken whenever they try to assign a new value to a customization option or some face. This "reset" that ~load-theme~ conducts does, however, come at the cost of being somewhat slower than ~enable-theme~. Users who have a stable setup and who seldom update their variables during a given Emacs session, are better off using something like this: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (require 'modus-themes) (require 'modus-operandi-theme) (require 'modus-vivendi-theme) (enable-theme 'modus-operandi) ;; OR (enable-theme 'modus-vivendi) #+end_src [[#h:e979734c-a9e1-4373-9365-0f2cd36107b8][Sample configuration for use-package]]. With the above granted, other sections of the manual discuss how to configure custom faces, where ~load-theme~ is expected, though ~enable-theme~ could still apply in stable setups: [[#h:1487c631-f4fe-490d-8d58-d72ffa3bd474][Case-by-case face specs using the themes' palette]]. [[#h:51ba3547-b8c8-40d6-ba5a-4586477fd4ae][Face specs at scale using the themes' palette]]. * Customization Options :properties: :custom_id: h:bf1c82f2-46c7-4eb2-ad00-dd11fdd8b53f :end: The Modus themes are highly configurable, though they should work well without any further tweaks. By default, all customization options are set to nil. Remember that all customization options must be evaluated before loading a theme ([[#h:3f3c3728-1b34-437d-9d0c-b110f5b161a9][Enable and load]]). ** Option for more bold constructs :properties: :alt_title: Bold constructs :description: Toggle bold constructs in code :custom_id: h:b25714f6-0fbe-41f6-89b5-6912d304091e :end: #+vindex: modus-themes-bold-constructs Symbol: ~modus-themes-bold-constructs~ Possible values: 1. =nil= (default) 2. =t= The default is to use a bold typographic weight only when it is required. With a non-nil value (=t=) display several syntactic constructs in bold weight. This concerns keywords and other important aspects of code syntax. It also affects certain mode line indicators and command-line prompts. ** Option for more slanted constructs :properties: :alt_title: Slanted constructs :description: Toggle slanted constructs (italics) in code :custom_id: h:977c900d-0d6d-4dbb-82d9-c2aae69543d6 :end: #+vindex: modus-themes-slanted-constructs Symbol: ~modus-themes-slanted-constructs~ Possible values: 1. =nil= (default) 2. =t= The default is to not use slanted text (italics) unless it is absolutely necessary. With a non-nil value (=t=) choose to render more faces in slanted text. This typically affects documentation strings and code comments. ** Option for syntax highlighting :properties: :alt_title: Syntax styles :description: Choose the overall aesthetic of code syntax :custom_id: h:c119d7b2-fcd4-4e44-890e-5e25733d5e52 :end: #+vindex: modus-themes-syntax Symbol: ~modus-themes-syntax~ Possible values: 1. =nil= (default) 2. ~faint~ 3. ~yellow-comments~ 4. ~green-strings~ 5. ~yellow-comments-green-strings~ 6. ~alt-syntax~ 7. ~alt-syntax-yellow-comments~ 8. ~faint-yellow-comments~ The default style (nil) for code syntax highlighting is a balanced combination of colors on the cyan-blue-magenta side of the spectrum. There is little to no use of greens, yellows, or reds, except when it is necessary. Option ~faint~ is like the default in terms of the choice of palette but applies desaturated color values. Option ~yellow-comments~ adds a yellow tint to comments. The rest of the syntax is the same as the default. Option ~green-strings~ replaces the blue/cyan/cold color variants in strings with greener alternatives. The rest of the syntax remains the same. Option ~yellow-comments-green-strings~ combines yellow comments with green strings and the rest of the default syntax highlighting style. Option ~alt-syntax~ expands the active spectrum by applying color combinations with more contrasting hues between them. Expect to find red and green variants in addition to cyan, blue, magenta. Option ~alt-syntax-yellow-comments~ combines ~alt-syntax~ with ~yellow-comments~. Option ~faint-yellow-comments~ combines the ~faint~ style with ~yellow-comments~. ** Option for no font mixing :properties: :alt_title: No mixed fonts :description: Toggle mixing of font families :custom_id: h:115e6c23-ee35-4a16-8cef-e2fcbb08e28b :end: #+vindex: modus-themes-no-mixed-fonts Symbol: ~modus-themes-no-mixed-fonts~ Possible values: 1. =nil= (default) 2. =t= By default, the themes configure some spacing-sensitive faces like Org tables and code blocks to always inherit from the ~fixed-pitch~ face. This is to ensure that those constructs remain monospaced even when users opt for a mode that remaps typeface families, such as the built-in {{{kbd(M-x variable-pitch-mode)}}}. Otherwise the layout would appear broken, due to how spacing is done. To disable this behaviour, set the option to =t=. Users may prefer to use another package for handling mixed typeface configurations, rather than letting the theme do it, perhaps because a purpose-specific package has extra functionality. Two possible options are ~org-variable-pitch~ and ~mixed-pitch~. [[#h:defcf4fc-8fa8-4c29-b12e-7119582cc929][Font configurations for Org (and others)]]. ** Option for links :properties: :alt_title: Link styles :description: Choose among several styles, with or without underline :custom_id: h:c119d7b2-fcd4-4e44-890e-5e25733d5e52 :end: #+vindex: modus-themes-links Symbol: ~modus-themes-links~ Possible values: 1. =nil= (default) 2. ~faint~ 3. ~neutral-underline~ 4. ~faint-neutral-underline~ 5. ~no-underline~ 6. ~underline-only~ 7. ~neutral-underline-only~ The default style (nil) for links is to apply an underline and a saturated color to the affected text. The color of the two is the same, which makes the link fairly prominent. Option ~faint~ follows the same approach as the default, but uses less intense colors. Option ~neutral-underline~ changes the underline's color to a subtle gray, while retaining the default text color. Option ~faint-neutral-underline~ combines a desaturated text color with a subtle gray underline. Option ~no-underline~ removes link underlines altogether, while retaining their original fairly vivid color. Option ~underline-only~ applies a prominent underline while making the affected text colorless (it uses the same foreground as the theme's default). Option ~neutral-underline-only~ makes the text colorless while using a subtle gray underline below it. NOTE: The placement of the underline, i.e. its proximity to the affected text, is controlled by the built-in ~x-underline-at-descent-line~, ~x-use-underline-position-properties~, ~underline-minimum-offset~. Please refer to their documentation strings. ** Option for command prompt styles :properties: :alt_title: Command prompts :description: Choose among plain, subtle, or intense prompts :custom_id: h:db5a9a7c-2928-4a28-b0f0-6f2b9bd52ba1 :end: #+vindex: modus-themes-prompts Symbol: ~modus-themes-prompts~ Possible values: 1. =nil= (default) 2. ~subtle-accented~ (~subtle~ exists for backward compatibility) 3. ~intense-accented~ (~intense~ exists for backward compatibility) 4. ~subtle-gray~ 5. ~intense-gray~ The default does not use any background for minibuffer and command line prompts. It relies exclusively on an accented foreground color. Options ~subtle-accented~ and ~intense-accented~ will change both the background and the foreground values to use accented color combinations that follow the hue of the default styles' foreground (e.g. the default minibuffer prompt is cyan text, so these combinations will involved a cyan background and an appropriate cyan foreground). The difference between the two is that the latter has a more pronounced/noticeable effect than the former. Options ~subtle-gray~, ~intense-gray~ are like their accented counterparts, except they use grayscale values. ** Option for mode line presentation :properties: :alt_title: Mode line :description: Choose among several styles, with or without borders :custom_id: h:27943af6-d950-42d0-bc23-106e43f50a24 :end: #+vindex: modus-themes-mode-line Symbol: ~modus-themes-mode-line~ Possible values: 1. =nil= (default) 2. ~3d~ 3. ~moody~ 4. ~borderless~ 5. ~borderless-3d~ 6. ~borderless-moody~ The default produces a two-dimensional effect both for the active and inactive modelines. The differences between the two are limited to distinct shades of grayscale values, with the active being more intense than the inactive. Option ~3d~ will make the active modeline look like a three-dimensional rectangle. Inactive modelines remain 2D, though they are slightly toned down relative to the default. This aesthetic is virtually the same as what you get when you run Emacs without any customizations (=emacs -Q= on the command line). While ~moody~ removes all box effects from the modelines and applies underline and overline properties instead. It also tones down a bit the inactive modelines. This is meant to optimize things for use with the [[https://github.com/tarsius/moody][moody package]] (hereinafter referred to as "Moody"), though it can work fine even without it. The ~borderless~ option uses the same colors as the default (nil value), but removes the border effect. This is done by making the box property use the same color as the background, effectively blending the two and creating some padding. The ~borderless-3d~ and ~borderless-moody~ approximate the ~3d~ and ~moody~ options respectively, while removing the borders. However, to ensure that the inactive modelines remain visible, they apply a slightly more prominent background to them than what their counterparts do (same inactive background as with the default). Note that Moody does not expose any faces that the themes could style directly. Instead it re-purposes existing ones to render its tabs and ribbons. As such, there may be cases where the contrast ratio falls below the 7:1 target that the themes conform with (WCAG AAA). To hedge against this, we configure a fallback foreground for the ~moody~ option, which will come into effect when the background of the modeline changes to something less accessible, such as Moody ribbons (read the doc string of ~set-face-attribute~, specifically ~:distant-foreground~). This fallback is activated when Emacs determines that the background and foreground of the given construct are too close to each other in terms of color distance. In effect, users would need to experiment with the variable ~face-near-same-color-threshold~ to trigger the effect. We find that a value of =45000= will suffice, contrary to the default =30000=. Do not set the value too high, because that would have the adverse effect of always overriding the default color (which has been carefully designed to be highly accessible). Furthermore, because Moody expects an underline and overline instead of a box style, it is advised you include this in your setup: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (setq x-underline-at-descent-line t) #+end_src ** Option for completion framework aesthetics :properties: :alt_title: Completion UIs :description: Choose among standard, moderate, or opinionated looks :custom_id: h:f1c20c02-7b34-4c35-9c65-99170efb2882 :end: #+vindex: modus-themes-completions Symbol: ~modus-themes-completions~ Possible values: 1. =nil= (default) 2. ~moderate~ 3. ~opinionated~ This is a special option that has different effects depending on the completion UI. The interfaces can be grouped in two categories, based on their default aesthetics: (i) those that only or mostly use foreground colors for their interaction model, and (ii) those that combine background and foreground values for some of their metaphors. The former category encompasses Icomplete, Ido, Selectrum as well as pattern matching styles like Orderless and Flx. The latter covers Helm, Ivy, and similar. A value of =nil= will respect the metaphors of each completion framework. Option ~moderate~ applies a combination of background and foreground that is fairly subtle. For Icomplete and friends this constitutes a departure from their default aesthetics, however the difference is small. While Helm, Ivy et al appear slightly different than their original looks, as they are toned down a bit. Option ~opinionated~ uses color combinations that refashion the completion UI. For the Icomplete camp this means that intense background and foreground combinations are used: in effect their looks emulate those of Helm, Ivy and co. in their original style. Whereas the other group of packages will revert to an even more nuanced aesthetic with some additional changes to the choice of hues. To appreciate the scope of this customization option, you should spend some time with every one of the =nil= (default), ~moderate~, and ~opinionated~ possibilities. ** Option for fringe visibility :properties: :alt_title: Fringes :description: Choose among invisible, subtle, or intense fringe styles :custom_id: h:1983c3fc-74f6-44f3-b917-967c403bebae :end: #+vindex: modus-themes-fringes Symbol: ~modus-themes-fringes~ Possible values: 1. =nil= (default) 2. ~subtle~ 3. ~intense~ The default is to use the same color as that of the main background, meaning that the fringes are not obvious though they still occupy the space given to them by ~fringe-mode~. Options ~subtle~ and ~intense~ apply a gray background, making the fringes visible. The difference between the two is one of degree, as their names imply. ** Option for language checkers :properties: :alt_title: Language checkers :description: Control the style of language checkers/linters :custom_id: h:4b13743a-8ebf-4d2c-a043-cceba10b1eb4 :end: #+vindex: modus-themes-lang-checkers Symbol: ~modus-themes-lang-checkers~ Possible values: 1. =nil= (default) 2. ~subtle-foreground~ 3. ~intense-foreground~ 4. ~straight-underline~ 5. ~subtle-foreground-straight-underline~ 6. ~intense-foreground-straight-underline~ 7. ~colored-background~ Nil (the default) applies a color-coded underline to the affected text, while it leaves the original foreground in tact. If the display spec where Emacs runs in has support for it (e.g. Emacs GUI), the underline's style is that of a wave, otherwise it is a straight line. Options ~subtle-foreground~ and ~intense-foreground~ follow the same color-coding pattern and wavy underline of the default, while extending it with a corresponding foreground value for the affected text. The difference between the two options is one of degree, as their names suggest. Option ~straight-underline~ is like the default but always applies a straight line under the affected text. Same principle for ~subtle-foreground-straight-underline~ and its counterpart ~intense-foreground-straight-underline~. Option ~colored-background~ uses a straight underline, a tinted background, and a suitable foreground. All are color-coded. This is the most intense combination of face properties. The present variable affects packages and/or face groups such as those of =flyspell=, =flymake=, =flycheck=, ~artbollocks-mode~, and ~writegood-mode~. NOTE: The placement of the straight underline, though not the wave style, is controlled by the built-in ~x-underline-at-descent-line~, ~x-use-underline-position-properties~, ~underline-minimum-offset~. Please refer to their documentation strings. ** Option for line highlighting (hl-line-mode) :properties: :alt_title: Line highlighting :description: Toggle intense style for current line highlighting :custom_id: h:1dba1cfe-d079-4c13-a810-f768e8789177 :end: #+vindex: modus-themes-intense-hl-line Symbol: ~modus-themes-intense-hl-line~ Possible values: 1. =nil= (default) 2. =t= The default is to use a subtle gray background for ~hl-line-mode~ and its global equivalent. With a non-nil value (=t=) use a more prominent background color instead. This affects several packages that enable ~hl-line-mode~, such as =elfeed= and =mu4e=. ** Option for line numbers (display-line-numbers-mode) :properties: :alt_title: Line numbers :description: Toggle subtle style for line numbers :custom_id: h:8c4a6230-2e43-4aa2-a631-3b7179392e09 :end: #+vindex: modus-themes-subtle-line-numbers Symbol: ~modus-themes-subtle-line-numbers~ Possible value: 1. =nil= (default) 2. =t= The default style for ~display-line-numbers-mode~ and its global variant is to apply a subtle gray background to the line numbers. The current line has a more pronounced background and foreground combination to bring more attention to itself. Similarly, the faces for ~display-line-numbers-major-tick~ and its counterpart ~display-line-numbers-minor-tick~ use appropriate styles that involve a bespoke background and foreground combination. With a non-nil value (=t=), line numbers have no background of their own. Instead they retain the primary background of the theme, blending with the rest of the buffer. Foreground values for all relevant faces are updated to accommodate this aesthetic. ** Option for parenthesis matching (show-paren-mode) :properties: :alt_title: Matching parentheses :description: Choose between various styles for matching delimiters/parentheses :custom_id: h:e66a7e4d-a512-4bc7-9f86-fbbb5923bf37 :end: #+vindex: modus-themes-paren-match Symbol: ~modus-themes-paren-match~ Possible values: 1. =nil= (default) 2. ~subtle-bold~ 3. ~intense~ 4. ~intense-bold~ Nil means to use a subtle tinted background color for the matching delimiters. Option ~intense~ applies a saturated background color. Option ~subtle-bold~ is the same as the default, but also makes use of bold typographic weight (inherits the ~bold~ face). Option ~intense-bold~ is the same as ~intense~, while it also uses a bold weight. This customization variable affects tools such as the built-in ~show-paren-mode~ and the =smartparens= package. ** Option for active region :properties: :alt_title: Active region :description: Choose between various styles for the active region :custom_id: h:60798063-b4ad-45ea-b9a7-ff7b5c0ab74c :end: #+vindex: modus-themes-region Symbol: ~modus-themes-region~ Possible values: 1. =nil= (default) 2. ~no-extend~ 3. ~bg-only~ 4. ~bg-only-no-extend~ Nil means to only use a prominent gray background with a neutral foreground. The foreground overrides all syntax highlighting. The region extends to the edge of the window. Option ~no-extend~ preserves the default aesthetic but prevents the region from extending to the edge of the window. Option ~bg-only~ applies a faint tinted background that is distinct from all others used in the theme, while it does not override any existing colors. It extends to the edge of the window. Option ~bg-only-no-extend~ is a combination of the ~bg-only~ and ~no-extend~ options. ** Option for diff buffer looks :properties: :alt_title: Diffs :description: Choose among intense, desaturated, or text-only diffs :custom_id: h:ea7ac54f-5827-49bd-b09f-62424b3b6427 :end: #+vindex: modus-themes-diffs Symbol: ~modus-themes-diffs~ Possible values: 1. =nil= (default) 2. ~desaturated~ 3. ~fg-only~ 4. ~bg-only~ 5. ~deuteranopia~ By default the themes apply rich coloration to the output of diffs, such as those of ~diff-mode~, ~ediff~, ~smerge-mode~, and Magit. These are color combinations of an accented background and foreground so that, for example, added lines have a pronounced green background with an appropriate shade of green for the affected text. Word-wise or "refined" changes follow this pattern but use different shades of those colors to remain distinct. Option ~desaturated~ tones down all relevant color values. It still combines an accented background with an appropriate foreground, yet its overall impression is fairly subtle. Refined changes are a bit more intense to fulfil their intended function, though still less saturated than default. Option ~fg-only~ will remove most accented backgrounds and instead rely on color-coded text to denote changes. For instance, added lines use a green foreground, while their background is the same as the rest of the buffer. Word-wise highlights still use a background value which is, nonetheless, more subtle than its default equivalent. Option ~bg-only~ applies color-coded backgrounds but does not override any syntax highlighting that may be present. This makes it suitable for use with a non-nil value for ~diff-font-lock-syntax~ (which is the default for ~diff-mode~ buffers in Emacs 27 or higher). Option ~deuteranopia~ optimizes for red-green color deficiency. It replaces all instances of green with blue variants. This is to ensure that indicators for "removed" and "added" states are not mistaken for each other. Concerning Magit, an extra set of tweaks are introduced for the effect of highlighting the current diff hunk, so as to remain aligned with the overall experience of that mode. Expect changes that are consistent with the overall intent of the aforementioned. Note, however, that the ~bg-only~ option will not deliver the intended results in Magit diffs because no syntax highlighting is used there (last checked with Magit version 20201116.1057, though upstream has a plan to eventually support such a feature---this entry shall be updated accordingly). ** Option for org-mode block styles :properties: :alt_title: Org mode blocks :description: Choose among plain, grayscale, or rainbow styles :custom_id: h:b7e328c0-3034-4db7-9cdf-d5ba12081ca2 :end: #+vindex: modus-themes-org-blocks Symbol: ~modus-themes-org-blocks~ Possible values: 1. =nil= (default) 2. ~grayscale~ 3. ~rainbow~ The default is to use the same background as the rest of the buffer for the contents of the block. Option ~grayscale~ applies a subtle neutral gray background to the block's contents. It will also extend to the edge of the window the background of the "begin" and "end" block delimiter lines (only relevant for Emacs versions >= 27 where the 'extend' keyword is part of the face specifications). Option ~rainbow~ uses an accented background for the contents of the block. The exact color will depend on the programming language and is controlled by the ~org-src-block-faces~ variable. This is most suitable for users who work on literate programming documents that mix and match several languages. Note that the "rainbow" blocks may require you to also reload the major-mode so that the colors are applied consistently throughout: use {{{kbd(M-x org-mode)}}} or {{{kbd(M-x org-mode-restart)}}} to refresh the buffer. Or start typing in each code block (inefficient at scale, but it still works). ** Option for org-habit graph styles :properties: :alt_title: Org agenda habits :description: Choose among standard, simplified, or traffic light styles :custom_id: h:b7e328c0-3034-4db7-9cdf-d5ba12081ca2 :end: #+vindex: modus-themes-org-habit Symbol: ~modus-themes-org-habit~ Possible values: 1. =nil= (default) 2. ~simplified~ 3. ~traffic-light~ The default is meant to conform with the original aesthetic of =org-habit=. It employs all four color codes that correspond to the org-habit states---clear, ready, alert, and overdue---while distinguishing between their present and future variants. This results in a total of eight colors in use: red, yellow, green, blue, in tinted and shaded versions. They cover the full set of information provided by the =org-habit= consistency graph. Option ~simplified~ is like the default except that it removes the dichotomy between current and future variants by applying uniform color-coded values. It applies a total of four colors: red, yellow, green, blue. They produce a simplified consistency graph that is more legible (or less "busy") than the default. The intent is to shift focus towards the distinction between the four states of a habit task, rather than each state's present/future outlook. Option ~traffic-light~ further reduces the available colors to red, yellow, and green. As in ~simplified~, present and future variants appear uniformly, but differently from it, the 'clear' state is rendered in a green hue, instead of the original blue. This is meant to capture the use-case where a habit task being "too early" is less important than it being "too late". The difference between ready and clear states is attenuated by painting both of them using shades of green. This option thus highlights the alert and overdue states. ** Option for the headings' overall style :properties: :alt_title: Heading styles :description: Choose among several styles, also per heading level :custom_id: h:271eff19-97aa-4090-9415-a6463c2f9ae1 :end: #+vindex: modus-themes-headings This is defined as an alist and, therefore, uses a different approach than other customization options documented in this manual. Symbol: ~modus-themes-headings~ Possible values, which can be specified for each heading level (examples further below): + nil (default fallback option---covers all heading levels) + =t= (default style for a single heading, when the fallback differs) + ~no-bold~ + ~line~ + ~line-no-bold~ + ~rainbow~ + ~rainbow-line~ + ~rainbow-line-no-bold~ + ~highlight~ + ~highlight-no-bold~ + ~rainbow-highlight~ + ~rainbow-highlight-no-bold~ + ~section~ + ~section-no-bold~ + ~rainbow-section~ + ~rainbow-section-no-bold~ + ~no-color~ + ~no-color-no-bold~ To control faces per level from 1-8, use something like this: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (setq modus-themes-headings '((1 . section) (2 . section-no-bold) (3 . rainbow-line) (t . rainbow-line-no-bold))) #+end_src The above uses the ~section~ value for heading levels 1, ~section-no-bold~ for headings 2, ~rainbow-line~ for 3. All other levels fall back to ~rainbow-line-no-bold~. To set a uniform value for all heading levels, use this pattern: #+begin_src emacs-lisp ;; A given style for every heading (setq modus-themes-headings '((t . section))) ;; Default aesthetic for every heading (setq modus-themes-headings '()) #+end_src The default style for headings uses a fairly desaturated foreground value in combination with bold typographic weight. To specify this style for a given level N, assuming you wish to have another fallback option, just specify the value =t= like this: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (setq modus-themes-headings '((1 . t) (2 . line) (t . rainbow-line-no-bold))) #+end_src A description of all other possible styles beyond the default: + ~no-bold~ retains the default text color while removing the bold typographic weight. + ~line~ is the same as the default plus an overline across the heading's length. + ~line-no-bold~ is the same as ~line~ without bold weight. + ~rainbow~ uses a more colorful foreground in combination with bold typographic weight. + ~rainbow-line~ is the same as ~rainbow~ plus an overline. + ~rainbow-line-no-bold~ is the same as ~rainbow-line~ without the bold weight. + ~highlight~ retains the default style of a fairly desaturated foreground combined with a bold weight and adds to it a subtle accented background. + ~highlight-no-bold~ is the same as ~highlight~ without a bold weight. + ~rainbow-highlight~ is the same as ~highlight~ but with a more colorful foreground. + ~rainbow-highlight-no-bold~ is the same as ~rainbow-highlight~ without a bold weight. + ~section~ retains the default looks and adds to them both an overline and a slightly accented background. It is, in effect, a combination of the ~line~ and ~highlight~ values. + ~section-no-bold~ is the same as ~section~ without a bold weight. + ~rainbow-section~ is the same as ~section~ but with a more colorful foreground. + ~rainbow-section-no-bold~ is the same as ~rainbow-section~ without a bold weight. + ~no-color~ does not apply any color to the heading, meaning that it uses the foreground of the ~default~ face. It still renders the text with a bold typographic weight. + ~no-color-no-bold~ is like ~no-color~ but without the bold weight. ** Option for scaled headings :properties: :alt_title: Scaled headings :description: Toggle scaling of headings :custom_id: h:075eb022-37a6-41a4-a040-cc189f6bfa1f :end: #+vindex: modus-themes-scale-headings Symbol: ~modus-themes-scale-headings~ Possible values: 1. =nil= (default) 2. =t= The default is to use the same size for headings and paragraph text. With a non-nil value (=t=) make headings larger in height relative to the main text. This is noticeable in modes like Org, Markdown, and Info. *** Control the scale of headings :properties: :alt_title: Scaled heading sizes :description: Specify rate of increase for scaled headings :custom_id: h:6868baa1-beba-45ed-baa5-5fd68322ccb3 :end: In addition to the toggle for enabling scaled headings, users can also specify a number of their own. + If it is a floating point, say, =1.5=, it is interpreted as a multiple of the base font size. This is the recommended method, because it will always adapt to changes in the base font size, such as while using the ~text-scale-adjust~ command. + If it is an integer, it is read as an absolute font height that is 1/10 of the typographic point size. Thus a value of =18pt= must be expressed as =180=. Setting an absolute value is discouraged, as it will break the layout in cases where the base font size must change, such as with the ~text-scale-adjust~ command ([[#h:defcf4fc-8fa8-4c29-b12e-7119582cc929][Font configurations]]). While we discourage using absolute values, we still provide for this option for users who do not need to perform text-scaling operations or who are content with whatever discrepancies in height. Below are the variables in their default values, using the floating point paradigm. The numbers are very conservative, but one is free to change them to their liking, such as =1.2=, =1.4=, =1.6=, =1.8=, =2.0=---or use a resource for finding a consistent scale: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (setq modus-themes-scale-1 1.05 modus-themes-scale-2 1.1 modus-themes-scale-3 1.15 modus-themes-scale-4 1.2 modus-themes-scale-5 1.3) #+end_src As for the application of that scale, the variables that range from ~modus-themes-scale-1~ up to ~modus-themes-scale-4~ apply to regular headings within the context of the given major mode. The former is the smallest, while the latter is the largest. "Regular headings" are those that have a standard syntax for their scale, such as Org mode's eight levels of asterisks or Markdown's six columns. Whereas ~modus-themes-scale-5~ is applied to special headings that do not conform with the aforementioned syntax, yet which are expected to be larger than the largest value on that implied scale. Put concretely, Org's =#+title= meta datum is not part of the eight levels of headings in an Org file, yet is supposed to signify the primary header. Similarly, the Org Agenda's structure headings are not part of a recognisable scale and so they also get ~modus-themes-scale-5~. Users who wish to maintain scaled headings for the normal syntax while preventing special headings from standing out, can assign a value of =1.0= to ~modus-themes-scale-5~ to make it the same as body text (or whatever value would render it indistinguishable from the desired point of reference). Note that in earlier versions of Org, scaling would only increase the size of the heading, but not of keywords that were added to it, like "TODO". The issue has been fixed upstream: . ** Option for variable-pitch font in UI elements :properties: :alt_title: UI typeface :description: Toggle the use of variable-pitch across the User Interface :custom_id: h:16cf666c-5e65-424c-a855-7ea8a4a1fcac :end: #+vindex: modus-themes-variable-pitch-ui Symbol: ~modus-themes-variable-pitch-ui~ Possible values: 1. =nil= (default) 2. =t= This option concerns User Interface elements that are under the direct control of Emacs. In particular: the mode line, header line, tab bar, and tab line. The default is to use the same font as the rest of Emacs, which usually is a monospaced family. With a non-nil value (=t=) apply a proportionately spaced typeface. This is done by assigning the ~variable-pitch~ face to the relevant items. [[#h:defcf4fc-8fa8-4c29-b12e-7119582cc929][Font configurations for Org and others]]. ** Option for variable-pitch font in headings :properties: :alt_title: Headings' typeface :description: Toggle the use of variable-pitch in headings :custom_id: h:97caca76-fa13-456c-aef1-a2aa165ea274 :end: #+vindex: modus-themes-variable-pitch-headings Symbol: ~modus-themes-variable-pitch-headings~ Possible values: 1. =nil= (default) 2. =t= The default is to use the main font family, which typically is monospaced. With a non-nil value (=t=) apply a proportionately spaced typeface, else "variable-pitch", to headings (such as in Org mode). [[#h:defcf4fc-8fa8-4c29-b12e-7119582cc929][Font configurations for Org and others]]. * Advanced customization (do-it-yourself) :properties: :custom_id: h:f4651d55-8c07-46aa-b52b-bed1e53463bb :end: Unlike the predefined customization options which follow a clear pattern of allowing the user to quickly specify their preference, the themes also provide a more flexible, albeit difficult, mechanism to control things with precision ([[#h:bf1c82f2-46c7-4eb2-ad00-dd11fdd8b53f][Customization Options]]). This section is of interest only to users who are prepared to maintain their own local tweaks and who are willing to deal with any possible incompatibilities between versioned releases of the themes. As such, they are labelled as "do-it-yourself" or "DIY". ** Per-theme customization settings (DIY) :properties: :custom_id: h:a897b302-8e10-4a26-beab-3caaee1e1193 :end: If you prefer to maintain different customization options between the two themes, it is best you write your own functions that first set those options and then load the relevant theme. The following code does exactly that by simply differentiating the two themes on the choice of bold constructs in code syntax (enabled for one, disabled for the other). #+begin_src emacs-lisp (defun my-demo-modus-operandi () (interactive) (setq modus-themes-bold-constructs t) ; ENABLE bold (modus-themes-load-operandi)) (defun my-demo-modus-vivendi () (interactive) (setq modus-themes-bold-constructs nil) ; DISABLE bold (modus-themes-load-vivendi)) (defun my-demo-modus-themes-toggle () (if (eq (car custom-enabled-themes) 'modus-operandi) (my-demo-modus-vivendi) (my-demo-modus-operandi))) #+end_src Then assign ~my-demo-modus-themes-toggle~ to a key instead of the equivalent the themes provide. For a more elaborate design, it is better to inspect the source code of ~modus-themes-toggle~ and relevant functions. ** Case-by-case face specs using the themes' palette (DIY) :properties: :custom_id: h:1487c631-f4fe-490d-8d58-d72ffa3bd474 :end: #+findex: modus-themes-color #+findex: modus-themes-color-alts #+cindex: Extracting individual colors This section is about tweaking individual faces. If you plan to do things at scale, consult the next section: [[#h:51ba3547-b8c8-40d6-ba5a-4586477fd4ae][Set multiple faces]]. We already covered in previous sections how to toggle between the themes and how to configure options prior to loading. We also explained that some of the functions made available to users will fire up a hook that can be used to pass tweaks in the post-theme-load phase. Now assume you wish to change a single face, say, the ~cursor~. And you would like to get the standard "blue" color value of the active Modus theme, whether it is Modus Operandi or Modus Vivendi. To do that, you can use the ~modus-themes-color~ function. It accepts a symbol that is associated with a color in ~modus-themes-operandi-colors~ and ~modus-themes-vivendi-colors~. Like this: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (modus-themes-color 'blue) #+end_src The function always extracts the color value of the active Modus theme. #+begin_src emacs-lisp (progn (load-theme 'modus-operandi t) (modus-themes-color 'blue)) ; "#0031a9" for `modus-operandi' (progn (load-theme 'modus-vivendi t) (modus-themes-color 'blue)) ; "#2fafff" for `modus-vivendi' #+end_src Do {{{kbd(C-h v)}}} on the aforementioned variables to check all the available symbols that can be passed to this function. With that granted, let us expand the example to actually change the ~cursor~ face's background property. We employ the built-in function of ~set-face-attribute~: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (set-face-attribute 'cursor nil :background (modus-themes-color 'blue)) #+end_src If you evaluate this form, your cursor will become blue. But if you change themes, such as with ~modus-themes-toggle~, your edits will be lost, because the newly loaded theme will override the =:background= attribute you had assigned to that face. For such changes to persist, we need to make them after loading the theme. So we rely on ~modus-themes-after-load-theme-hook~, which gets called from ~modus-themes-load-operandi~, ~modus-themes-load-vivendi~, as well as the command ~modus-themes-toggle~. Here is a sample function that tweaks two faces and then gets added to the hook: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (defun my-modus-themes-custom-faces () (set-face-attribute 'cursor nil :background (modus-themes-color 'blue)) (set-face-attribute 'font-lock-type-face nil :foreground (modus-themes-color 'magenta-alt))) (add-hook 'modus-themes-after-load-theme-hook #'my-modus-themes-custom-faces) #+end_src [[#h:86f6906b-f090-46cc-9816-1fe8aeb38776][A theme-agnostic hook for theme loading]]. Using this principle, it is possible to override the styles of faces without having to find color values for each case. Another application is to control the precise weight for bold constructs. This is particularly useful if your typeface has several variants such as "heavy", "extrabold", "semibold". All you have to do is edit the ~bold~ face. For example: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (set-face-attribute 'bold nil :weight 'semibold) #+end_src Remember to use the custom function and hook combo we demonstrated above. Because the themes do not hard-wire a specific weight, this simple form is enough to change the weight of all bold constructs throughout the interface. Finally, there are cases where you want to tweak colors though wish to apply different ones to each theme, say, a blue hue for Modus Operandi and a shade of red for Modus Vivendi. To this end, we provide ~modus-themes-color-alts~ as a convenience function to save you from the trouble of writing separate wrappers for each theme. It still returns a single value by querying either of ~modus-themes-operandi-colors~ and ~modus-themes-vivendi-colors~, only here you pass the two keys you want, first for ~modus-operandi~ then ~modus-vivendi~. Take the previous example with the ~cursor~ face: #+begin_src emacs-lisp ;; Blue for `modus-operandi' and red for `modus-vivendi' (set-face-attribute 'cursor nil :background (modus-themes-color-alts 'blue 'red)) #+end_src ** Face specs at scale using the themes' palette (DIY) :properties: :custom_id: h:51ba3547-b8c8-40d6-ba5a-4586477fd4ae :end: #+findex: modus-themes-with-colors #+cindex: Extracting colors en masse The examples here are for large scale operations. For simple, one-off tweaks, you may prefer the approach documented in the previous section ([[#h:1487c631-f4fe-490d-8d58-d72ffa3bd474][Case-by-case face specs using the themes' palette]]). The ~modus-themes-with-colors~ macro lets you retrieve multiple color values by employing the backquote/backtick and comma notation. The values are stored in the alists ~modus-themes-operandi-colors~ and ~modus-themes-vivendi-colors~, while the macro always queries that of the active Modus theme. Here is an abstract example that just returns a list of color values while ~modus-operandi~ is enabled: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (modus-themes-with-colors (list fg-main blue-faint magenta magenta-alt-other cyan-alt-other fg-special-cold blue-alt magenta-faint cyan fg-main green-faint red-alt-faint blue-alt-faint fg-special-warm cyan-alt blue)) ;; => ;; ("#000000" "#002f88" "#721045" "#5317ac" ;; "#005a5f" "#093060" "#2544bb" "#752f50" ;; "#00538b" "#000000" "#104410" "#702f00" ;; "#003f78" "#5d3026" "#30517f" "#0031a9") #+end_src Getting a list of colors may have its applications, though what you are most likely interested in is how to use those variables to configure several faces at once. To do so we can rely on the built-in ~custom-set-faces~ function, which sets face specifications for the special =user= theme. That "theme" gets applied on top of regular themes like ~modus-operandi~ and ~modus-vivendi~. This is how it works: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (modus-themes-with-colors (custom-set-faces `(cursor ((,class :background ,blue))) `(mode-line ((,class :background ,yellow-nuanced-bg :foreground ,yellow-nuanced-fg))) `(mode-line-inactive ((,class :background ,blue-nuanced-bg :foreground ,blue-nuanced-fg))))) #+end_src The above snippet will immediately refashion the faces it names once it is evaluated. However, if you switch between the Modus themes, say, from ~modus-operandi~ to ~modus-vivendi~, the colors will not get updated to match those of the new theme. To make things work across the themes, we need to employ the same technique we discussed in the previous section, namely, to pass our changes at the post-theme-load phase via a hook. The themes provide the ~modus-themes-after-load-theme-hook~, which gets called from ~modus-themes-load-operandi~, ~modus-themes-load-vivendi~, as well as the command ~modus-themes-toggle~. With this knowledge, you can wrap the macro in a function and then assign that function to the hook. Thus: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (defun my-modus-themes-custom-faces () (modus-themes-with-colors (custom-set-faces `(cursor ((,class :background ,blue))) `(mode-line ((,class :background ,yellow-nuanced-bg :foreground ,yellow-nuanced-fg))) `(mode-line-inactive ((,class :background ,blue-nuanced-bg :foreground ,blue-nuanced-fg)))))) (add-hook 'modus-themes-after-load-theme-hook #'my-modus-themes-custom-faces) #+end_src [[#h:86f6906b-f090-46cc-9816-1fe8aeb38776][A theme-agnostic hook for theme loading]]. To discover the faces defined by all loaded libraries, you may do {{{kbd(M-x list-faces-display)}}}. Be warned that when you =:inherit= a face you are introducing an implicit dependency, so try to avoid doing so for libraries other than the built-in {{{file(faces.el)}}} (or at least understand that things may break if you inherit from a yet-to-be-loaded face). Also bear in mind that these examples are meant to work with the Modus themes. If you are cycling between multiple themes you may encounter unforeseen issues, such as the colors of the Modus themes being applied to a non-Modus item. Finally, note that you can still use other functions where those make sense. For example, the ~modus-themes-color-alts~ that was discussed in the previous section. Adapt the above example like this: #+begin_src emacs-lisp ... (modus-themes-with-colors (custom-set-faces `(cursor ((,class :background ,(modus-themes-color-alts 'blue 'green)))) ...)) #+end_src ** Override colors (DIY) :properties: :custom_id: h:307d95dd-8dbd-4ece-a543-10ae86f155a6 :end: #+vindex: modus-themes-operandi-color-overrides #+vindex: modus-themes-vivendi-color-overrides #+cindex: Change a theme's colors The themes provide a mechanism for overriding their color values. This is controlled by the variables ~modus-themes-operandi-color-overrides~ and ~modus-themes-vivendi-color-overrides~, which are alists that should mirror a subset of the associations in ~modus-themes-operandi-colors~ and ~modus-themes-vivendi-colors~ respectively. As with all customisations, overriding must be done before loading the affected theme. Let us approach the present topic one step at a time. Here is a simplified excerpt of the default palette for Modus Operandi with some basic background values that apply to buffers and the mode line (remember to inspect the actual value to find out all the associations that can be overridden): #+begin_src emacs-lisp (defconst modus-themes-colors-operandi '((bg-main . "#ffffff") (bg-dim . "#f8f8f8") (bg-alt . "#f0f0f0") (bg-active . "#d7d7d7") (bg-inactive . "#efefef"))) #+end_src As one can tell, we bind a key to a hexadecimal RGB color value. Now say we wish to override those specific values and have our changes propagate to all faces that use those keys. We could write something like this, which adds a subtle ochre tint: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (setq modus-themes-operandi-color-overrides '((bg-main . "#fefcf4") (bg-dim . "#faf6ef") (bg-alt . "#f7efe5") (bg-active . "#e8dfd1") (bg-inactive . "#f6ece5"))) #+end_src Once this is evaluated, any subsequent loading of ~modus-operandi~ will use those values instead of the defaults. No further intervention is required. To reset the changes, we apply this and reload the theme: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (setq modus-themes-operandi-color-overrides nil) #+end_src Users who wish to leverage such a mechanism can opt to implement it on-demand by means of a global minor mode. The following snippet covers both themes and expands to some more assosiations in the palette: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (define-minor-mode my-modus-themes-tinted "Tweak some Modus themes colors." :init-value nil :global t (if my-modus-themes-tinted (setq modus-themes-operandi-color-overrides '((bg-main . "#fefcf4") (bg-dim . "#faf6ef") (bg-alt . "#f7efe5") (bg-hl-line . "#f4f0e3") (bg-active . "#e8dfd1") (bg-inactive . "#f6ece5") (bg-region . "#c6bab1") (bg-header . "#ede3e0") (bg-tab-bar . "#dcd3d3") (bg-tab-active . "#fdf6eb") (bg-tab-inactive . "#c8bab8") (fg-unfocused . "#55556f")) modus-themes-vivendi-color-overrides '((bg-main . "#100b17") (bg-dim . "#161129") (bg-alt . "#181732") (bg-hl-line . "#191628") (bg-active . "#282e46") (bg-inactive . "#1a1e39") (bg-region . "#393a53") (bg-header . "#202037") (bg-tab-bar . "#262b41") (bg-tab-active . "#120f18") (bg-tab-inactive . "#3a3a5a") (fg-unfocused . "#9a9aab"))) (setq modus-themes-operandi-color-overrides nil modus-themes-vivendi-color-overrides nil))) #+end_src With this in place, one can invoke {{{kbd(M-x my-modus-themes-tinted)}}} and then load the Modus theme of their choice. The new palette subset will come into effect: subtle ochre tints for Modus Operandi and night sky shades for Modus Vivendi. Switching between the two themes, such as with {{{kbd(M-x modus-themes-toggle)}}} will also use the overrides. Given that this is a user-level customisation, one is free to implement whatever color values they desire, even if the possible combinations fall below the minimum 7:1 contrast ratio that governs the design of the themes (the WCAG AAA legibility standard). Preferences aside, it is advised to inspect the source code of ~modus-themes-operandi-colors~ and ~modus-themes-vivendi-colors~ to read the inline commentary: it explains what the intended use of each palette subset is. Furthermore, users may benefit from the ~modus-themes-contrast~ function that we provide: [[#h:02e25930-e71a-493d-828a-8907fc80f874][test color combinations]]. It measures the contrast ratio between two color values, so it can help in overriding the palette (or a subset thereof) without making the end result inaccessible. ** Font configurations for Org and others (DIY) :properties: :custom_id: h:defcf4fc-8fa8-4c29-b12e-7119582cc929 :end: #+cindex: Font configurations The themes are designed to cope well with mixed font configurations. [[#h:115e6c23-ee35-4a16-8cef-e2fcbb08e28b][Option for no font mixing]]. This mostly concerns ~org-mode~ and ~markdown-mode~, though expect to find it elsewhere like in ~Info-mode~. In practice it means that the user can safely opt for a more prose-friendly proportionately spaced typeface as their default, while letting spacing-sensitive elements like tables and inline code always use a monospaced font, by inheriting from the ~fixed-pitch~ face. Users can try the built-in {{{kbd(M-x variable-pitch-mode)}}} to see the effect in action. To make everything use your desired font families, you need to configure the ~variable-pitch~ (proportional spacing) and ~fixed-pitch~ (monospaced) faces respectively. It may also be convenient to set your main typeface by configuring the ~default~ face the same way. Put something like this in your initialization file (also consider reading the doc string of ~set-face-attribute~): #+begin_src emacs-lisp ;; Main typeface (set-face-attribute 'default nil :family "DejaVu Sans Mono" :height 110) ;; Proportionately spaced typeface (set-face-attribute 'variable-pitch nil :family "DejaVu Serif" :height 1.0) ;; Monospaced typeface (set-face-attribute 'fixed-pitch nil :family "DejaVu Sans Mono" :height 1.0) #+end_src Note the differences in the =:height= property. The =default= face must specify an absolute value, which is the point size × 10. So if you want to use a font at point size =11=, you set the height to =110=.[fn:: =:height= values do not need to be rounded to multiples of ten: the likes of =115= are perfectly valid—some typefaces will change to account for those finer increments.] Whereas every other face must have a value that is relative to the default, represented as a floating point (if you use an integer, then that means an absolute height). This is of paramount importance: it ensures that all fonts can scale gracefully when using something like the ~text-scale-adjust~ command which only operates on the base font size (i.e. the ~default~ face's absolute height). ** Custom Org user faces (DIY) :properties: :custom_id: h:89f0678d-c5c3-4a57-a526-668b2bb2d7ad :end: #+cindex: Org extra faces Users of ~org-mode~ have the option to configure various keywords and priority cookies to better match their workflow. User options are ~org-todo-keyword-faces~ and ~org-priority-faces~. As those are meant to be custom faces, it is futile to have the themes guess what each user wants to use, which keywords to target, and so on. Instead, we can provide guidelines on how to customize things to one's liking with the intent of retaining the overall aesthetic of the themes. Please bear in mind that the end result of those is not controlled by the active Modus theme but by how Org maps faces to its constructs. Editing those while ~org-mode~ is active requires re-initialization of the mode with {{{kbd(M-x org-mode-restart)}}} for changes to take effect. Let us assume you wish to visually differentiate your keywords. You have something like this: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (setq org-todo-keywords '((sequence "TODO(t)" "|" "DONE(D)" "CANCEL(C)") (sequence "MEET(m)" "|" "MET(M)") (sequence "STUDY(s)" "|" "STUDIED(S)") (sequence "WRITE(w)" "|" "WROTE(W)"))) #+end_src You could then use a variant of the following to inherit from a face that uses the styles you want and also to preserve the properties applied by the ~org-todo~ face: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (setq org-todo-keyword-faces '(("MEET" . '(font-lock-preprocessor-face org-todo)) ("STUDY" . '(font-lock-variable-name-face org-todo)) ("WRITE" . '(font-lock-type-face org-todo)))) #+end_src This will refashion the keywords you specify, while letting the other items in ~org-todo-keywords~ use their original styles (which are defined in the ~org-todo~ and ~org-done~ faces). If you want back the defaults, try specifying just the ~org-todo~ face: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (setq org-todo-keyword-faces '(("MEET" . org-todo) ("STUDY" . org-todo) ("WRITE" . org-todo))) #+end_src When you inherit from multiple faces, you need to quote the list as shown further above. The order is important: the last item is applied over the previous ones. If you do not want to blend multiple faces, you do not need a quoted list. A pattern of =keyword . face= will suffice. Both approaches can be used simultaneously, as illustrated in this configuration of the priority cookies: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (setq org-priority-faces '((?A . '(org-scheduled-today org-priority)) (?B . org-priority) (?C . '(shadow org-priority)))) #+end_src To find all the faces that are loaded in your current Emacs session, use {{{kbd(M-x list-faces-display)}}}. Try {{{kbd(M-x describe-variable)}}} as well and then specify the name of each of those Org variables demonstrated above. Their documentation strings will offer you further guidance. Recall that the themes let you retrieve a color from their palette. Do it if you plan to control face attributes. [[#h:1487c631-f4fe-490d-8d58-d72ffa3bd474][Custom face specs using the themes' palette]]. [[#h:02e25930-e71a-493d-828a-8907fc80f874][Check color combinations]]. ** Measure color contrast (DIY) :properties: :custom_id: h:02e25930-e71a-493d-828a-8907fc80f874 :end: #+findex: modus-themes-contrast #+findex: modus-themes-wcag-formula #+cindex: Color contrast The themes provide the functions ~modus-themes-wcag-formula~ and ~modus-themes-contrast~. The former is a direct implementation of the WCAG formula: . It calculates the relative luminance of a color value that is expressed in hexadecimal RGB notation. While the latter function is just a convenient wrapper for comparing the relative luminance between two colors. In practice, one needs to work only with ~modus-themes-contrast~. It accepts two color values and returns their contrast ratio. Values range from 1 to 21 (lowest to highest). The themes are designed to always be equal or higher than 7 for each combination of background and foreground that they use (this is the WCAG AAA standard---the most demanding of its kind). A couple of examples (rounded numbers): #+begin_src emacs-lisp ;; Pure white with pure green (modus-themes-contrast "#ffffff" "#00ff00") ;; => 1.37 ;; That is an outright inaccessible combo ;; Pure black with pure green (modus-themes-contrast "#000000" "#00ff00") ;; => 15.3 ;; That is is a highly accessible combo #+end_src It does not matter which color value comes first. The ratio is always the same. If one does not wish to read all the decimal points, it is possible to try something like this: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (format "%0.2f" (modus-themes-contrast "#000000" "#00ff00")) #+end_src While it is fine to perform such calculations on a case-by-case basis, it is preferable to implement formulas and tables for more demanding tasks. Such instruments are provided by ~org-mode~ or ~orgtbl-mode~, both of which are built into Emacs. Below is such a table that derives the contrast ratio of all colors in the first column (pure red, green, blue) relative to the color specified in the first row of the second column (pure white) and rounds the results: #+begin_example | | #ffffff | |---------+---------| | #ff0000 | 4.00 | | #00ff00 | 1.37 | | #0000ff | 8.59 | #+tblfm: $2='(modus-themes-contrast $1 @1$2);%0.2f #+end_example To measure color contrast one needs to start from a known value. This typically is the background. The Modus themes define an expanded palette in large part because certain colors are only meant to be used in combination with some others. Consult the source code for the minutia and relevant commentary. Such knowledge may prove valuable while attempting to override some of the themes' colors: [[#h:307d95dd-8dbd-4ece-a543-10ae86f155a6][Override colors]]. ** Load theme depending on time of day :properties: :custom_id: h:1d1ef4b4-8600-4a09-993c-6de3af0ddd26 :end: While we do provide ~modus-themes-toggle~ to manually switch between the themes, users may also set up their system to perform such a task automatically at sunrise and sunset. This can be accomplished by specifying the coordinates of one's location using the built-in {{{file(solar.el)}}} and then configuring the =circadian= package: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (use-package solar ; built-in :config (setq calendar-latitude 35.17 calendar-longitude 33.36)) (use-package circadian ; you need to install this :ensure :after solar (setq circadian-themes '((:sunrise . modus-operandi) (:sunset . modus-vivendi))) (circadian-setup)) #+end_src ** A theme-agnostic hook for theme loading (DIY) :properties: :custom_id: h:86f6906b-f090-46cc-9816-1fe8aeb38776 :end: The themes are designed with the intent to be useful to Emacs users of varying skill levels, from beginners to experts. This means that we try to make things easier by not expecting anyone reading this document to be proficient in Emacs Lisp or programming in general. Such a case is with the use of the ~modus-themes-after-load-theme-hook~, which runs after ~modus-themes-toggle~, ~modus-themes-load-operandi~, or ~modus-themes-load-vivendi~ is evaluated. We recommend using that hook for advanced customizations, because (1) we know for sure that it is available once the themes are loaded, and (2) anyone consulting this manual, especially the sections on enabling and loading the themes, will be in a good position to benefit from that hook. Advanced users who have a need to switch between the Modus themes and other items will find that such a hook does not meet their requirements: it only works with the Modus themes and only with the aforementioned functions. A theme-agnostic setup can be configured thus: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (defvar after-enable-theme-hook nil "Normal hook run after enabling a theme.") (defun run-after-enable-theme-hook (&rest _args) "Run `after-enable-theme-hook'." (run-hooks 'after-enable-theme-hook)) (advice-add 'enable-theme :after #'run-after-enable-theme-hook) #+end_src This creates the ~after-enable-theme-hook~ and makes it run after each call to ~enable-theme~, which means that it will work for all themes and also has the benefit that it does not depend on functions such as ~modus-themes-toggle~ and the others mentioned above. ~enable-theme~ is called internally by ~load-theme~, so the hook works everywhere. Now this specific piece of Elisp may be simple for experienced users, but it is not easy to read for newcomers, including the author of the Modus themes for the first several months of their time as an Emacs user. Hence our hesitation to recommend it as part of the standard setup of the Modus themes (it is generally a good idea to understand what the implications are of advising a function). * Face coverage :properties: :custom_id: h:a9c8f29d-7f72-4b54-b74b-ddefe15d6a19 :end: The Modus themes try to provide as close to full face coverage as possible. This is necessary to ensure a consistently accessible reading experience across all available interfaces. ** Full support for packages or face groups :properties: :alt_title: Supported packages :description: Full list of covered face groups :custom_id: h:60ed4275-60d6-49f8-9287-9a64e54bea0e :end: #+cindex: Explicitly supported packages This list will always be updated to reflect the current state of the project. The idea is to offer an overview of the known status of all affected face groups. The items with an appended asterisk =*= tend to have lots of extensions, so the "full support" may not be 100% true… + ace-window + ag + alert + all-the-icons + annotate + anzu + apropos + apt-sources-list + artbollocks-mode + auctex and TeX + auto-dim-other-buffers + avy + awesome-tray + bbdb + binder + bm + bongo + boon + breakpoint (provided by the built-in {{{file(gdb-mi.el)}}} library) + buffer-expose + calendar and diary + calfw + centaur-tabs + cfrs + change-log and log-view (such as ~vc-print-log~, ~vc-print-root-log~) + cider + circe + color-rg + column-enforce-mode + company-mode* + company-posframe + compilation-mode + completions + consult + counsel* + counsel-css + counsel-notmuch + counsel-org-capture-string + cov + cperl-mode + csv-mode + ctrlf + custom (what you get with {{{kbd(M-x customize)}}}) + dap-mode + dashboard (emacs-dashboard) + deadgrep + debbugs + define-word + deft + dictionary + diff-hl + diff-mode + dim-autoload + dir-treeview + dired + dired-async + dired-git + dired-git-info + dired-narrow + dired-subtree + diredc + diredfl + diredp (dired+) + disk-usage + display-fill-column-indicator-mode + doom-modeline + dynamic-ruler + easy-jekyll + easy-kill + ebdb + ediff + eglot + el-search + eldoc-box + elfeed + elfeed-score + emms + enhanced-ruby-mode + epa + equake + erc + eros + ert + eshell + eshell-fringe-status + eshell-git-prompt + eshell-prompt-extras (epe) + eshell-syntax-highlighting + evil* (evil-mode) + evil-goggles + evil-snipe + evil-visual-mark-mode + eww + exwm + eyebrowse + fancy-dabbrev + flycheck + flycheck-color-mode-line + flycheck-indicator + flycheck-posframe + flymake + flyspell + flyspell-correct + flx + freeze-it + frog-menu + focus + fold-this + font-lock (generic syntax highlighting) + forge + fountain (fountain-mode) + geiser + git-commit + git-gutter (and variants) + git-lens + git-rebase + git-timemachine + git-walktree + gnus + golden-ratio-scroll-screen + helm* + helm-ls-git + helm-switch-shell + helm-xref + helpful + highlight-blocks + highlight-defined + highlight-escape-sequences (~hes-mode~) + highlight-indentation + highlight-numbers + highlight-symbol + highlight-tail + highlight-thing + hl-defined + hl-fill-column + hl-line-mode + hl-todo + hydra + hyperlist + ibuffer + icomplete + icomplete-vertical + ido-mode + iedit + iflipb + imenu-list + indium + info + info-colors + interaction-log + ioccur + isearch, occur, etc. + isl (isearch-light) + ivy* + ivy-posframe + jira (org-jira) + journalctl-mode + js2-mode + julia + jupyter + kaocha-runner + keycast + line numbers (~display-line-numbers-mode~ and global variant) + lsp-mode + lsp-ui + macrostep + magit + magit-imerge + make-mode + man + marginalia + markdown-mode + markup-faces (~adoc-mode~) + mentor + messages + minibuffer-line + minimap + mmm-mode + modeline + mood-line + moody + mpdel + mu4e + mu4e-conversation + multiple-cursors + neotree + no-emoji + notmuch + num3-mode + nxml-mode + objed + orderless + org* + org-journal + org-noter + org-pomodoro + org-recur + org-roam + org-superstar + org-table-sticky-header + org-tree-slide + org-treescope + origami + outline-mode + outline-minor-faces + package (what you get with {{{kbd(M-x list-packages)}}}) + page-break-lines + paradox + paren-face + parrot + pass + pdf-tools + persp-mode + perspective + phi-grep + phi-search + pkgbuild-mode + pomidor + popup + powerline + powerline-evil + prism ([[#h:a94272e0-99da-4149-9e80-11a7e67a2cf2][Note for prism.el]]) + proced + prodigy + quick-peek + racket-mode + rainbow-blocks + rainbow-identifiers + rainbow-delimiters + rcirc + recursion-indicator + regexp-builder (also known as ~re-builder~) + rg (rg.el) + ripgrep + rmail + ruler-mode + sallet + selectrum + selectrum-prescient + semantic + sesman + shell-script-mode + shortdoc + show-paren-mode + shr + side-notes + sieve-mode + skewer-mode + smart-mode-line + smartparens + smerge + solaire + spaceline + speedbar + spell-fu + spray + stripes + suggest + switch-window + swiper + swoop + sx + symbol-overlay + syslog-mode + table (built-in table.el) + telephone-line + terraform-mode + term + tomatinho + transient (pop-up windows such as Magit's) + trashed + treemacs + tty-menu + tuareg + typescript + undo-tree + vc (built-in mode line status for version control) + vc-annotate (the out put of {{{kbd(C-x v g)}}}) + vdiff + vimish-fold + visible-mark + visual-regexp + volatile-highlights + vterm + wcheck-mode + web-mode + wgrep + which-function-mode + which-key + whitespace-mode + window-divider-mode + winum + writegood-mode + woman + xah-elisp-mode + xref + xterm-color (and ansi-colors) + yaml-mode + yasnippet + ztree Plus many other miscellaneous faces that are provided by the upstream GNU Emacs distribution. ** Indirectly covered packages :properties: :custom_id: h:2cb359c7-3a84-4262-bab3-dcdc1d0034d7 :end: #+cindex: Implicitly supported packages These do not require any extra styles because they are configured to inherit from some basic faces. Please confirm. + edit-indirect + evil-owl + fortran-mode + goggles + i3wm-config-mode + perl-mode + php-mode + rjsx-mode + swift-mode + tab-bar-echo-area * Notes for individual packages :properties: :custom_id: h:4c4d901a-84d7-4f20-bd99-0808c2b06eba :end: This section covers information that may be of interest to users of individual packages. ** Note for display-fill-column-indicator-mode :properties: :custom_id: h:2a602816-bc1b-45bf-9675-4cbbd7bf6cab :end: While designing the style for ~display-fill-column-indicator-mode~, we stayed close to the mode's defaults: to apply a subtle foreground color to the ~fill-column-indicator~ face, which blends well with the rest of theme and is consistent with the role of that mode. This is to not upset the expectations of users. Nevertheless, ~display-fill-column-indicator-mode~ has some known limitations pertaining to its choice of using typographic characters to draw its indicator. What should be a continuous vertical line might appear as a series of dashes in certain contexts or under specific conditions: a non-default value for ~line-spacing~, scaled and/or variable-pitch headings have been observed to cause this effect. Given that we cannot control such factors, it may be better for affected users to deviate from the default style of the ~fill-column-indicator~ face. Instead of setting a foreground color, one could use a background and have the foreground be indistinguishable from it. For example: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (modus-themes-with-colors (custom-set-faces `(fill-column-indicator ((,class :background ,bg-inactive :foreground ,bg-inactive))))) #+end_src [[#h:51ba3547-b8c8-40d6-ba5a-4586477fd4ae][Face specs at scale using the themes' palette]]. ** Note for mmm-mode.el background colors :properties: :custom_id: h:99cf0d6c-e478-4e26-9932-3bf3427d13f6 :end: The faces used by {{{file(mmm-mode.el)}}} are expected to have a colorful background, while they should not touch any foreground value. The idea is that they must not interfere with existing fontification. Those background colors need to be distinct from each other, such as an unambiguous red juxtaposed with a clear blue. While this design may be internally consistent with the raison d'être of that library, it inevitably produces inaccessible color combinations. There are two competing goals at play: 1. Legibility of the text, understood as the contrast ratio between the background and the foreground. 2. Semantic precision of each face which entails faithfulness to color-coding of the underlying background. As the Modus themes are designed with the express purpose of conforming with the first point, we have to forgo the apparent color-coding of the background elements. Instead we use subtle colors that do not undermine the legibility of the affected text while they still offer a sense of added context. Users who might prefer to fall below the minimum 7:1 contrast ratio in relative luminance (the accessibility target we conform with), can opt to configure the relevant faces on their own. [[#h:51ba3547-b8c8-40d6-ba5a-4586477fd4ae][Face specs at scale using the themes' palette]]. This example uses more vivid background colors, though it comes at the very high cost of degraded legibility. #+begin_src emacs-lisp (modus-themes-with-colors (custom-set-faces `(mmm-cleanup-submode-face ((,class :background ,yellow-refine-bg))) `(mmm-code-submode-face ((,class :background ,bg-active))) `(mmm-comment-submode-face ((,class :background ,blue-refine-bg))) `(mmm-declaration-submode-face ((,class :background ,cyan-refine-bg))) `(mmm-default-submode-face ((,class :background ,bg-alt))) `(mmm-init-submode-face ((,class :background ,magenta-refine-bg))) `(mmm-output-submode-face ((,class :background ,red-refine-bg))) `(mmm-special-submode-face ((,class :background ,green-refine-bg))))) #+end_src ** Note for prism.el :properties: :alt_title: Note for prism :custom_id: h:a94272e0-99da-4149-9e80-11a7e67a2cf2 :end: This package by Adam Porter, aka "alphapapa" or "github-alphapapa", implements an alternative to the typical coloration of code. Instead of highlighting the syntactic constructs, it applies color to different levels of depth in the code structure. As {{{file(prism.el)}}} offers a broad range of customisations, we cannot style it directly at the theme level: that would run contrary to the spirit of the package. Instead, we may offer preset color schemes. Those should offer a starting point for users to adapt to their needs. In the following code snippets, we employ the ~modus-themes-with-colors~ macro: [[#h:51ba3547-b8c8-40d6-ba5a-4586477fd4ae][Face specs at scale using the themes' palette]]. These are the minimum recommended settings with 16 colors: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (setq prism-num-faces 16) (prism-set-colors :desaturations '(0) ; do not change---may lower the contrast ratio :lightens '(0) ; same :colors (modus-themes-with-colors (list fg-main magenta cyan-alt-other magenta-alt-other blue magenta-alt cyan-alt red-alt-other green fg-main cyan yellow blue-alt red-alt green-alt-other fg-special-warm))) #+end_src With 8 colors: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (setq prism-num-faces 8) (prism-set-colors :desaturations '(0) ; do not change---may lower the contrast ratio :lightens '(0) ; same :colors (modus-themes-with-colors (list fg-special-cold magenta magenta-alt-other cyan-alt-other fg-main blue-alt red-alt-other cyan))) #+end_src And this is with 4 colors, which produces results that are the closest to the themes' default aesthetic: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (setq prism-num-faces 4) (prism-set-colors :desaturations '(0) ; do not change---may lower the contrast ratio :lightens '(0) ; same :colors (modus-themes-with-colors (list fg-main cyan-alt-other magenta-alt-other magenta))) #+end_src If you need to apply desaturation and lightening, you can use what the {{{file(prism.el)}}} documentation recommends, like this (adapting to the examples with the 4, 8, 16 colors): #+begin_src emacs-lisp (prism-set-colors :desaturations (cl-loop for i from 0 below 16 collect (* i 2.5)) :lightens (cl-loop for i from 0 below 16 collect (* i 2.5)) :colors (modus-themes-with-colors (list fg-main cyan-alt-other magenta-alt-other magenta))) #+end_src ** Note on company-mode overlay pop-up :properties: :custom_id: h:20cef8c4-d11f-4053-8b2c-2872925780b1 :end: By default, the ~company-mode~ pop-up that lists completion candidates is drawn using an overlay. This creates alignment issues every time it is placed above a piece of text that has a different height than the default. The solution recommended by the project's maintainer is to use an alternative front-end for drawing the pop-up which draws child frames instead of overlays.[fn:: https://github.com/company-mode/company-mode/issues/1010][fn:: https://github.com/tumashu/company-posframe/] ** Note for ERC escaped color sequences :properties: :custom_id: h:98bdf319-1e32-4469-8a01-771200fba65c :end: The built-in IRC client ~erc~ has the ability to colorise any text using escape sequences that start with =^C= (inserted with {{{kbd(C-q C-c)}}}) and are followed by a number for the foreground and background.[fn:: This page explains the basics, though it is not specific to Emacs: https://www.mirc.com/colors.html] Possible numbers are 0-15, with the first entry being the foreground and the second the background, separated by a comma. Like this =^C1,6=. The minimum setup is this: #+begin_src emacs-lisp (add-to-list 'erc-modules 'irccontrols) (setq erc-interpret-controls-p t erc-interpret-mirc-color t) #+end_src As this allows users the chance to make arbitrary combinations, it is impossible to guarantee a consistently high contrast ratio. All we can we do is provide guidance on the combinations that satisfy the accessibility standard of the themes: + Modus Operandi :: Use foreground color 1 for all backgrounds from 2-15. Like so: {{{kbd(C-q C-c1,N)}}} where =N= is the background. + Modus Vivendi :: Use foreground color 0 for all backgrounds from 2-13. Use foreground =1= for backgrounds 14, 15. Colors 0 and 1 are white and black respectively. So combine them together, if you must. ** Note for powerline or spaceline :properties: :custom_id: h:9130a8ba-d8e3-41be-a58b-3cb1eb7b6d17 :end: Both Powerline and Spaceline package users will likely need to use the command ~powerline-reset~ whenever they make changes to their themes and/or modeline setup. ** Note on SHR colors :properties: :custom_id: h:4cc767dc-ffef-4c5c-9f10-82eb7b8921bf :end: Emacs' HTML rendering library ({{{file(shr.el)}}}) may need explicit configuration to respect the theme's colors instead of whatever specifications the webpage provides. Consult {{{kbd(C-h v shr-use-colors)}}}. ** Note for Helm grep :properties: :custom_id: h:d28879a2-8e4b-4525-986e-14c0f873d229 :end: There is one face from the Helm package that is meant to highlight the matches of a grep or grep-like command (=ag= or =ripgrep=). It is ~helm-grep-match~. However, this face can only apply when the user does not pass =--color=always= as a command-line option for their command. Here is the docstring for that face, which is defined in the {{{file(helm-grep.el)}}} library (you can always visit the source code with {{{kbd(M-x find-library)}}}). #+begin_quote Face used to highlight grep matches. Have no effect when grep backend use "--color=" #+end_quote The user must either remove =--color= from the flags passed to the grep function, or explicitly use =--color=never= (or equivalent). Helm provides user-facing customization options for controlling the grep function's parameters, such as ~helm-grep-default-command~ and ~helm-grep-git-grep-command~. When =--color=always= is in effect, the grep output will use red text in bold letter forms to present the matching part in the list of candidates. That style still meets the contrast ratio target of >= 7:1 (accessibility standard WCAG AAA), because it draws the reference to ANSI color number 1 (red) from the already-supported array of ~ansi-color-names-vector~. ** Note on vc-annotate-background-mode :properties: :custom_id: h:5095cbd1-e17a-419c-93e8-951c186362a3 :end: Due to the unique way ~vc-annotate~ ({{{kbd(C-x v g)}}}) applies colors, support for its background mode (~vc-annotate-background-mode~) is disabled at the theme level. Normally, such a drastic measure should not belong in a theme: assuming the user's preferences is bad practice. However, it has been deemed necessary in the interest of preserving color contrast accessibility while still supporting a useful built-in tool. If there actually is a way to avoid such a course of action, without prejudice to the accessibility standard of this project, then please report as much or send patches ([[#h:9c3cd842-14b7-44d7-84b2-a5c8bc3fc3b1][Contributing]]). ** Note on pdf-tools link hints :properties: :custom_id: h:2659d13e-b1a5-416c-9a89-7c3ce3a76574 :end: Hints are drawn by [[https://imagemagick.org/][ImageMagick]], not Emacs, i.e., ImageMagick doesn't know about the hint face unless you tell ImageMagick about it. By default, only the foreground and background color attributes are passed. The below snippet adds to those the various font attributes. As it queries various faces, specifically ~pdf-links-read-link~ and the faces it inherits, it needs to be added to your initialization file after you've customized any faces. #+begin_src emacs-lisp (use-package pdf-links :config (let ((spec (apply #'append (mapcar (lambda (name) (list name (face-attribute 'pdf-links-read-link name nil 'default))) '(:family :width :weight :slant))))) (setq pdf-links-read-link-convert-commands `("-density" "96" "-family" ,(plist-get spec :family) "-stretch" ,(let* ((width (plist-get spec :width)) (name (symbol-name width))) (replace-regexp-in-string "-" "" (capitalize name))) "-weight" ,(pcase (plist-get spec :weight) ('ultra-light "Thin") ('extra-light "ExtraLight") ('light "Light") ('semi-bold "SemiBold") ('bold "Bold") ('extra-bold "ExtraBold") ('ultra-bold "Black") (_weight "Normal")) "-style" ,(pcase (plist-get spec :slant) ('italic "Italic") ('oblique "Oblique") (_slant "Normal")) "-pointsize" "%P" "-undercolor" "%f" "-fill" "%b" "-draw" "text %X,%Y '%c'")))) #+end_src * Contributing :properties: :custom_id: h:9c3cd842-14b7-44d7-84b2-a5c8bc3fc3b1 :end: This section documents the canonical sources of the themes and the ways in which you can contribute to their ongoing development. ** Sources of the themes :properties: :custom_id: h:89504f1c-c9a1-4bd9-ab39-78fd0eddb47c :end: #+cindex: Sources of the themes The ~modus-operandi~ and ~modus-vivendi~ themes are built into Emacs. Currently they are in Emacs' git main branch (trunk), which is tracking the next development release target. The source code of the themes is [[https://gitlab.com/protesilaos/modus-themes/][available on Gitlab]], for the time being. A [[https://github.com/protesilaos/modus-themes/][mirror on Github]] is also on offer. An HTML version of this manual is provided as an extension of the [[https://protesilaos.com/modus-themes/][author's personal website]] (does not rely on any non-free code). ** Issues you can help with :properties: :custom_id: h:6536c8d5-3f98-43ab-a787-b94120e735e8 :end: #+cindex: Contributing A few tasks you can help with: + Suggest refinements to packages that are covered. + Report packages not covered thus far. + Report bugs, inconsistencies, shortcomings. + Help expand the documentation of covered-but-not-styled packages. + Suggest refinements to the color palette. + Help expand this document or any other piece of documentation. + Merge requests for code refinements. [[#h:111773e2-f26f-4b68-8c4f-9794ca6b9633][Patches require copyright assignment to the FSF]]. It is preferable that your feedback includes some screenshots, GIFs, or short videos, as well as further instructions to reproduce a given setup. Though this is not a requirement. Whatever you do, bear in mind the overarching objective of the Modus themes: to keep a contrast ratio that is greater or equal to 7:1 between background and foreground colors. If a compromise is ever necessary between aesthetics and accessibility, it shall always be made in the interest of the latter. ** Patches require copyright assignment to the FSF :properties: :custom_id: h:111773e2-f26f-4b68-8c4f-9794ca6b9633 :end: Code contributions are most welcome. For any major edit (more than 15 lines, or so, in aggregate per person), you need to make a copyright assignment to the Free Software Foundation. This is necessary because the themes are part of the upstream Emacs distribution: the FSF must at all times be in a position to enforce the GNU General Public License. Copyright assignment is a simple process. Check the request form below (please adapt it accordingly). You must write an email to the address mentioned in the form and then wait for the FSF to send you a legal agreement. Sign the document and file it back to them. This could all happen via email and take about a week. You are encouraged to go through this process. You only need to do it once. It will allow you to make contributions to Emacs in general. #+begin_example text Please email the following information to assign@gnu.org, and we will send you the assignment form for your past and future changes. Please use your full legal name (in ASCII characters) as the subject line of the message. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- REQUEST: SEND FORM FOR PAST AND FUTURE CHANGES [What is the name of the program or package you're contributing to?] GNU Emacs [Did you copy any files or text written by someone else in these changes? Even if that material is free software, we need to know about it.] Copied a few snippets from the same files I edited. Their author, Protesilaos Stavrou, has already assigned copyright to the Free Software Foundation. [Do you have an employer who might have a basis to claim to own your changes? Do you attend a school which might make such a claim?] [For the copyright registration, what country are you a citizen of?] [What year were you born?] [Please write your email address here.] [Please write your postal address here.] [Which files have you changed so far, and which new files have you written so far?] #+end_example * Acknowledgements :properties: :custom_id: h:95c3da23-217f-404e-b5f3-56c75760ebcf :end: #+cindex: Contributors The Modus themes are a collective effort. Every bit of work matters. + Author/maintainer :: Protesilaos Stavrou. + Contributions to code or documentation :: Anders Johansson, Basil L. Contovounesios, Carlo Zancanaro, Eli Zaretskii, Kostadin Ninev, Madhavan Krishnan, Markus Beppler, Matthew Stevenson, Nicolas De Jaeghere, Shreyas Ragavan, Stefan Kangas, Vincent Murphy, Xinglu Chen. + Ideas and user feedback :: Aaron Jensen, Adam Spiers, Adrian Manea, Alex Griffin, Alex Peitsinis, Alexey Shmalko, Alok Singh, Anders Johansson, André Alexandre Gomes, Arif Rezai, Basil L. Contovounesios, Burgess Chang, Christian Tietze, Christopher Dimech, Damien Cassou, Daniel Mendler, Dario Gjorgjevski, David Edmondson, Davor Rotim, Divan Santana, Gerry Agbobada, Gianluca Recchia, Gustavo Barros, Hörmetjan Yiltiz, Ilja Kocken, Iris Garcia, Jeremy Friesen, John Haman, Kevin Fleming, Kostadin Ninev, Len Trigg, Manuel Uberti, Mark Burton, Markus Beppler, Michael Goldenberg, Morgan Smith, Murilo Pereira, Nicolas De Jaeghere, Paul Poloskov, Pete Kazmier, Peter Wu, Philip K., Pierre Téchoueyres, Roman Rudakov, Ryan Phillips, Sam Kleinman, Shreyas Ragavan, Simon Pugnet, Tassilo Horn, Thibaut Verron, Trey Merkley, Togan Muftuoglu, Toon Claes, Uri Sharf, Utkarsh Singh, Vincent Foley. As well as users: Ben, CsBigDataHub1, Emacs Contrib, Eugene, Fourchaux, Fredrik, Moesasji, Nick, TheBlob42, bepolymathe, doolio, fleimgruber, iSeeU, jixiuf, okamsn. + Packaging :: Basil L. Contovounesios, Eli Zaretskii, Glenn Morris, Mauro Aranda, Richard Stallman, Stefan Kangas (core Emacs), Stefan Monnier (GNU Elpa), André Alexandre Gomes, Dimakakos Dimos, Morgan Smith, Nicolas Goaziou (Guix), Dhavan Vaidya (Debian). + Inspiration for certain features :: Bozhidar Batsov (zenburn-theme), Fabrice Niessen (leuven-theme). Special thanks, in no particular order, to Manuel Uberti and Omar Antolín Camarena for their long time contributions and insightful commentary. * Meta :properties: :custom_id: h:13752581-4378-478c-af17-165b6e76bc1b :end: #+cindex: Development notes If you are curious about the principles that govern the development of this project read the essay [[https://protesilaos.com/codelog/2020-03-17-design-modus-themes-emacs/][On the design of the Modus themes]] (2020-03-17). Here are some more publications for those interested in the kind of work that goes into this project (sometimes the commits also include details of this sort): + [[https://protesilaos.com/codelog/2020-05-10-modus-operandi-palette-review/][Modus Operandi theme subtle palette review]] (2020-05-10) + [[https://protesilaos.com/codelog/2020-06-13-modus-vivendi-palette-review/][Modus Vivendi theme subtle palette review]] (2020-06-13) + [[https://protesilaos.com/codelog/2020-07-04-modus-themes-faint-colours/][Modus themes: new "faint syntax" option]] (2020-07-04) + [[https://protesilaos.com/codelog/2020-07-08-modus-themes-nuanced-colours/][Modus themes: major review of "nuanced" colours]] (2020-07-08) + [[https://protesilaos.com/codelog/2020-09-14-modus-themes-review-blues/][Modus themes: review of blue colours]] (2020-09-14) + [[https://protesilaos.com/codelog/2020-12-27-modus-themes-review-rainbow-delimiters/][Modus themes: review rainbow-delimiters faces]] (2020-12-27) + [[https://protesilaos.com/codelog/2021-01-11-modus-themes-review-select-faint-colours/][Modus themes: review of select "faint" colours]] (2021-01-11) + [[https://protesilaos.com/codelog/2021-02-25-modus-themes-diffs-deuteranopia/][The Modus themes now cover deuteranopia in diffs]] (2021-02-25) And here are the canonical sources of this project's documentation: + Manual :: + Change Log :: + Screenshots :: * GNU Free Documentation License :properties: :appendix: t :custom_id: h:3077c3d2-7f90-4228-8f0a-73124f4026f6 :end: #+texinfo: @include doclicense.texi #+begin_export html GNU Free Documentation License Version 1.3, 3 November 2008 Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 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