Hi, I found that certain kinds[1] of Japanese mails (like the attached text part) saved in a nnml group get corrupted when viewing. The root cause is this: (defvar nnmail-file-coding-system 'undecided "Coding system used in nnmail.") The default value used to be `raw-text'. Because `nnml-file-coding-system' inherits it, when viewing an article from a file `nnmail-find-file' reads and decodes the contents, and then `gnus-display-mime'[1] decodes it again. IIUC `gnus-display-mime' expects a raw article, so any back end should not decode the first fetched data, I think. This helps: (setq nnml-file-coding-system 'raw-text) Note that the backlog or the `gnus-original-article-buffer' keeps an corrupted article, so (setq gnus-keep-backlog nil) and each time killing the original buffer will make it easy to debug. [1] a single text/plain part with format=flowed spec, or a multipart message containing a text/plain part, etc. [2] The default value of `gnus-display-mime-function'. Regards,