The letters take different shapes (but same Unicode) based its location in the word. For example, letter A in takes various forms: - first form (isolate) - first form (initial) - first form (medial) - first form (medial) But all takes same Unicode (U+1820) take a look at page 7 (upper left part in page-7) in this manual. https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr54/ I think that Emacs is rendering only first form/variation of each letter , and not changing it accordingly based on the its location. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ I know that number of people who use this Traditional Mongolian Scripts in Emacs are basically none. But I'd be happy if Emacs renders it correctly while other programs (such as vscode) already does. -- Garid Zorigoo.