Here is an updated patch that reduces some code duplication in the compiler and fixes an embarrassing bug, and as a bonus, an experimental add-on that allows catching throws in condition-case using the handler syntax

  ((:catch TAG) BODY...)

Unfortunately but unsurprisingly the decision to evaluate the TAG expressions made everything much messier than anticipated. It does work, though, and if you would like to redefine `catch` as the macro

(defmacro catch (tag &rest body)
  (let ((var (gensym)))
    `(condition-case ,var (progn ,@body) ((:catch ,tag) ,var))))

then that will work, too (with minor byte-code inefficiency that could easily be addressed).
Any combination of error, :catch and :success handlers is permitted, making this a very versatile construct.

It may be a good idea to do away with the TAG evaluation since that flexibility isn't likely to be in high demand.