>> Which other parameters would you suggest to remove (on master)?
>
> It would be pretentious to answer that question.  The comment starting
> at line 261 of frameset.el tells that
>
> ;; - `window-id', `outer-window-id', `parent-id': They are assigned
> ;;   automatically and cannot be set, so keeping them is harmless, but they
> ;;   add clutter.  `window-system' is similar: it's assigned at frame
> ;;   creation, and does not serve any useful purpose later.
>
> so according to that comment, leaving 'parent-id' in the list should not
> have caused any problems.  Thanks to Juri, we know better now.

I confirm that removing 'parent-id' is sufficient to fix the bug in Emacs 28.
So here is the minimal patch for the release branch: