/* Execution of byte code produced by bytecomp.el. Copyright (C) 1985-1988, 1993, 2000-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This file is part of GNU Emacs. GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with GNU Emacs. If not, see . */ #include #include "lisp.h" #include "blockinput.h" #include "sysstdio.h" #include "character.h" #include "buffer.h" #include "keyboard.h" #include "syntax.h" #include "window.h" #include "puresize.h" /* Work around GCC bug 54561. */ #if GNUC_PREREQ (4, 3, 0) # pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wclobbered" #endif /* Define BYTE_CODE_SAFE true to enable some minor sanity checking, useful for debugging the byte compiler. It defaults to false. */ #ifndef BYTE_CODE_SAFE # define BYTE_CODE_SAFE false #endif /* Define BYTE_CODE_METER to generate a byte-op usage histogram. */ /* #define BYTE_CODE_METER */ /* If BYTE_CODE_THREADED is defined, then the interpreter will be indirect threaded, using GCC's computed goto extension. This code, as currently implemented, is incompatible with BYTE_CODE_SAFE and BYTE_CODE_METER. */ #if (defined __GNUC__ && !defined __STRICT_ANSI__ \ && !BYTE_CODE_SAFE && !defined BYTE_CODE_METER) #define BYTE_CODE_THREADED #endif #ifdef BYTE_CODE_METER #define METER_2(code1, code2) \ (*aref_addr (AREF (Vbyte_code_meter, code1), code2)) #define METER_1(code) METER_2 (0, code) #define METER_CODE(last_code, this_code) \ { \ if (byte_metering_on) \ { \ if (XFIXNAT (METER_1 (this_code)) < MOST_POSITIVE_FIXNUM) \ XSETFASTINT (METER_1 (this_code), \ XFIXNAT (METER_1 (this_code)) + 1); \ if (last_code \ && (XFIXNAT (METER_2 (last_code, this_code)) \ < MOST_POSITIVE_FIXNUM)) \ XSETFASTINT (METER_2 (last_code, this_code), \ XFIXNAT (METER_2 (last_code, this_code)) + 1); \ } \ } #endif /* BYTE_CODE_METER */ /* Byte codes: */ #define BYTE_CODES \ DEFINE (Bstack_ref, 0) /* Actually, Bstack_ref+0 is not implemented: use dup. */ \ DEFINE (Bstack_ref1, 1) \ DEFINE (Bstack_ref2, 2) \ DEFINE (Bstack_ref3, 3) \ DEFINE (Bstack_ref4, 4) \ DEFINE (Bstack_ref5, 5) \ DEFINE (Bstack_ref6, 6) \ DEFINE (Bstack_ref7, 7) \ DEFINE (Bvarref, 010) \ DEFINE (Bvarref1, 011) \ DEFINE (Bvarref2, 012) \ DEFINE (Bvarref3, 013) \ DEFINE (Bvarref4, 014) \ DEFINE (Bvarref5, 015) \ DEFINE (Bvarref6, 016) \ DEFINE (Bvarref7, 017) \ DEFINE (Bvarset, 020) \ DEFINE (Bvarset1, 021) \ DEFINE (Bvarset2, 022) \ DEFINE (Bvarset3, 023) \ DEFINE (Bvarset4, 024) \ DEFINE (Bvarset5, 025) \ DEFINE (Bvarset6, 026) \ DEFINE (Bvarset7, 027) \ DEFINE (Bvarbind, 030) \ DEFINE (Bvarbind1, 031) \ DEFINE (Bvarbind2, 032) \ DEFINE (Bvarbind3, 033) \ DEFINE (Bvarbind4, 034) \ DEFINE (Bvarbind5, 035) \ DEFINE (Bvarbind6, 036) \ DEFINE (Bvarbind7, 037) \ DEFINE (Bcall, 040) \ DEFINE (Bcall1, 041) \ DEFINE (Bcall2, 042) \ DEFINE (Bcall3, 043) \ DEFINE (Bcall4, 044) \ DEFINE (Bcall5, 045) \ DEFINE (Bcall6, 046) \ DEFINE (Bcall7, 047) \ DEFINE (Bunbind, 050) \ DEFINE (Bunbind1, 051) \ DEFINE (Bunbind2, 052) \ DEFINE (Bunbind3, 053) \ DEFINE (Bunbind4, 054) \ DEFINE (Bunbind5, 055) \ DEFINE (Bunbind6, 056) \ DEFINE (Bunbind7, 057) \ \ DEFINE (Bpophandler, 060) \ DEFINE (Bpushconditioncase, 061) \ DEFINE (Bpushcatch, 062) \ \ DEFINE (Bnth, 070) \ DEFINE (Bsymbolp, 071) \ DEFINE (Bconsp, 072) \ DEFINE (Bstringp, 073) \ DEFINE (Blistp, 074) \ DEFINE (Beq, 075) \ DEFINE (Bmemq, 076) \ DEFINE (Bnot, 077) \ DEFINE (Bcar, 0100) \ DEFINE (Bcdr, 0101) \ DEFINE (Bcons, 0102) \ DEFINE (Blist1, 0103) \ DEFINE (Blist2, 0104) \ DEFINE (Blist3, 0105) \ DEFINE (Blist4, 0106) \ DEFINE (Blength, 0107) \ DEFINE (Baref, 0110) \ DEFINE (Baset, 0111) \ DEFINE (Bsymbol_value, 0112) \ DEFINE (Bsymbol_function, 0113) \ DEFINE (Bset, 0114) \ DEFINE (Bfset, 0115) \ DEFINE (Bget, 0116) \ DEFINE (Bsubstring, 0117) \ DEFINE (Bconcat2, 0120) \ DEFINE (Bconcat3, 0121) \ DEFINE (Bconcat4, 0122) \ DEFINE (Bsub1, 0123) \ DEFINE (Badd1, 0124) \ DEFINE (Beqlsign, 0125) \ DEFINE (Bgtr, 0126) \ DEFINE (Blss, 0127) \ DEFINE (Bleq, 0130) \ DEFINE (Bgeq, 0131) \ DEFINE (Bdiff, 0132) \ DEFINE (Bnegate, 0133) \ DEFINE (Bplus, 0134) \ DEFINE (Bmax, 0135) \ DEFINE (Bmin, 0136) \ DEFINE (Bmult, 0137) \ \ DEFINE (Bpoint, 0140) \ /* Was Bmark in v17. */ \ DEFINE (Bsave_current_buffer, 0141) /* Obsolete. */ \ DEFINE (Bgoto_char, 0142) \ DEFINE (Binsert, 0143) \ DEFINE (Bpoint_max, 0144) \ DEFINE (Bpoint_min, 0145) \ DEFINE (Bchar_after, 0146) \ DEFINE (Bfollowing_char, 0147) \ DEFINE (Bpreceding_char, 0150) \ DEFINE (Bcurrent_column, 0151) \ DEFINE (Bindent_to, 0152) \ /* 0153 was Bscan_buffer in v17. */ \ DEFINE (Beolp, 0154) \ DEFINE (Beobp, 0155) \ DEFINE (Bbolp, 0156) \ DEFINE (Bbobp, 0157) \ DEFINE (Bcurrent_buffer, 0160) \ DEFINE (Bset_buffer, 0161) \ DEFINE (Bsave_current_buffer_1, 0162) /* Replacing Bsave_current_buffer. */ \ /* 0163 was Bset_mark in v17. */ \ DEFINE (Binteractive_p, 0164) /* Obsolete since Emacs-24.1. */ \ \ DEFINE (Bforward_char, 0165) \ DEFINE (Bforward_word, 0166) \ DEFINE (Bskip_chars_forward, 0167) \ DEFINE (Bskip_chars_backward, 0170) \ DEFINE (Bforward_line, 0171) \ DEFINE (Bchar_syntax, 0172) \ DEFINE (Bbuffer_substring, 0173) \ DEFINE (Bdelete_region, 0174) \ DEFINE (Bnarrow_to_region, 0175) \ DEFINE (Bwiden, 0176) \ DEFINE (Bend_of_line, 0177) \ \ DEFINE (Bconstant2, 0201) \ DEFINE (Bgoto, 0202) \ DEFINE (Bgotoifnil, 0203) \ DEFINE (Bgotoifnonnil, 0204) \ DEFINE (Bgotoifnilelsepop, 0205) \ DEFINE (Bgotoifnonnilelsepop, 0206) \ DEFINE (Breturn, 0207) \ DEFINE (Bdiscard, 0210) \ DEFINE (Bdup, 0211) \ \ DEFINE (Bsave_excursion, 0212) \ DEFINE (Bsave_window_excursion, 0213) /* Obsolete since Emacs-24.1. */ \ DEFINE (Bsave_restriction, 0214) \ DEFINE (Bcatch, 0215) /* Obsolete since Emacs-25. */ \ \ DEFINE (Bunwind_protect, 0216) \ DEFINE (Bcondition_case, 0217) /* Obsolete since Emacs-25. */ \ DEFINE (Btemp_output_buffer_setup, 0220) /* Obsolete since Emacs-24.1. */ \ DEFINE (Btemp_output_buffer_show, 0221) /* Obsolete since Emacs-24.1. */ \ \ /* 0222 was Bunbind_all, never used. */ \ \ DEFINE (Bset_marker, 0223) \ DEFINE (Bmatch_beginning, 0224) \ DEFINE (Bmatch_end, 0225) \ DEFINE (Bupcase, 0226) \ DEFINE (Bdowncase, 0227) \ \ DEFINE (Bstringeqlsign, 0230) \ DEFINE (Bstringlss, 0231) \ DEFINE (Bequal, 0232) \ DEFINE (Bnthcdr, 0233) \ DEFINE (Belt, 0234) \ DEFINE (Bmember, 0235) \ DEFINE (Bassq, 0236) \ DEFINE (Bnreverse, 0237) \ DEFINE (Bsetcar, 0240) \ DEFINE (Bsetcdr, 0241) \ DEFINE (Bcar_safe, 0242) \ DEFINE (Bcdr_safe, 0243) \ DEFINE (Bnconc, 0244) \ DEFINE (Bquo, 0245) \ DEFINE (Brem, 0246) \ DEFINE (Bnumberp, 0247) \ DEFINE (Bintegerp, 0250) \ \ /* 0252-0256 were relative jumps, apparently never used. */ \ \ DEFINE (BlistN, 0257) \ DEFINE (BconcatN, 0260) \ DEFINE (BinsertN, 0261) \ \ /* Bstack_ref is code 0. */ \ DEFINE (Bstack_set, 0262) \ DEFINE (Bstack_set2, 0263) \ DEFINE (BdiscardN, 0266) \ \ DEFINE (Bswitch, 0267) \ \ DEFINE (Bconstant, 0300) enum byte_code_op { #define DEFINE(name, value) name = value, BYTE_CODES #undef DEFINE }; /* Fetch the next byte from the bytecode stream. */ #define FETCH (*pc++) /* Fetch two bytes from the bytecode stream and make a 16-bit number out of them. */ #define FETCH2 (op = FETCH, op | (FETCH << 8)) /* Push X onto the execution stack. The expression X should not contain TOP, to avoid competing side effects. */ #define PUSH(x) (*++top = (x)) /* Pop a value off the execution stack. */ #define POP (*top--) /* Discard n values from the execution stack. */ #define DISCARD(n) (top -= (n)) /* Get the value which is at the top of the execution stack, but don't pop it. */ #define TOP (*top) DEFUN ("byte-code", Fbyte_code, Sbyte_code, 3, 3, 0, doc: /* Function used internally in byte-compiled code. The first argument, BYTESTR, is a string of byte code; the second, VECTOR, a vector of constants; the third, MAXDEPTH, the maximum stack depth used in this function. If the third argument is incorrect, Emacs may crash. */) (Lisp_Object bytestr, Lisp_Object vector, Lisp_Object maxdepth) { if (! (STRINGP (bytestr) && VECTORP (vector) && FIXNATP (maxdepth))) error ("Invalid byte-code"); if (STRING_MULTIBYTE (bytestr)) { /* BYTESTR must have been produced by Emacs 20.2 or earlier because it produced a raw 8-bit string for byte-code and now such a byte-code string is loaded as multibyte with raw 8-bit characters converted to multibyte form. Convert them back to the original unibyte form. */ bytestr = Fstring_as_unibyte (bytestr); } Lisp_Object fun = CALLN (Fmake_byte_code, Qnil, bytestr, vector, maxdepth); return exec_byte_code (fun, 0, 0, NULL); } static void bcall0 (Lisp_Object f) { Ffuncall (1, &f); } /* The bytecode stack size in bytes. This is a fairly generous amount, but: - if users need more, we could allocate more, or just reserve the address space and allocate on demand - if threads are used more, then it might be a good idea to reduce the per-thread overhead in time and space - for maximum flexibility but a small runtime penalty, we could allocate the stack in smaller chunks as needed */ #define BC_STACK_SIZE (512 * 1024 * sizeof (Lisp_Object)) /* Bytecode interpreter stack: |--------------| -- |fun | | ^ stack growth |saved_pc | | | direction |saved_top ------- | fp--->|saved_fp ---- | | current frame |--------------| | | | (called from bytecode in this example) | (free) | | | | top-->| ...stack... | | | | : ... : | | | |incoming args | | | | |--------------| | | -- |fun | | | | |saved_pc | | | | |saved_top | | | | |saved_fp |<- | | previous frame |--------------| | | | (free) | | | | ...stack... |<---- | : ... : | |incoming args | | |--------------| -- : : */ /* bytecode stack frame header (footer, actually) */ struct bc_frame { struct bc_frame *saved_fp; /* previous frame pointer, NULL if bottommost frame */ /* In a frame called directly from C, the following two members are NULL. */ Lisp_Object *saved_top; /* previous stack pointer */ const unsigned char *saved_pc; /* previous program counter */ Lisp_Object fun; /* current function object */ Lisp_Object next_stack[]; /* data stack of next frame */ }; void init_bc_thread (struct bc_thread_state *bc) { bc->stack = xmalloc (BC_STACK_SIZE); bc->stack_end = bc->stack + BC_STACK_SIZE; /* Put a dummy header at the bottom to indicate the first free location. */ bc->fp = (struct bc_frame *)bc->stack; memset (bc->fp, 0, sizeof *bc->fp); } void free_bc_thread (struct bc_thread_state *bc) { xfree (bc->stack); } void mark_bytecode (struct bc_thread_state *bc) { struct bc_frame *fp = bc->fp; Lisp_Object *top = NULL; /* stack pointer of topmost frame not known */ for (;;) { struct bc_frame *next_fp = fp->saved_fp; /* Only the dummy frame at the bottom has saved_fp = NULL. */ if (!next_fp) break; mark_object (fp->fun); Lisp_Object *frame_base = next_fp->next_stack; if (top) { /* The stack pointer of a frame is known: mark the part of the stack above it conservatively. This includes any outgoing arguments. */ mark_memory (top + 1, fp); /* Mark the rest of the stack precisely. */ mark_objects (frame_base, top + 1 - frame_base); } else { /* The stack pointer is unknown -- mark everything conservatively. */ mark_memory (frame_base, fp); } top = fp->saved_top; fp = next_fp; } } DEFUN ("internal-stack-stats", Finternal_stack_stats, Sinternal_stack_stats, 0, 0, 0, doc: /* internal */) (void) { struct bc_thread_state *bc = ¤t_thread->bc; int nframes = 0; int nruns = 0; for (struct bc_frame *fp = bc->fp; fp; fp = fp->saved_fp) { nframes++; if (fp->saved_top == NULL) nruns++; } fprintf (stderr, "%d stack frames, %d runs\n", nframes, nruns); return Qnil; } /* Whether a stack pointer is valid in the current frame. */ static bool valid_sp (struct bc_thread_state *bc, Lisp_Object *sp) { struct bc_frame *fp = bc->fp; return sp < (Lisp_Object *)fp && sp + 1 >= fp->saved_fp->next_stack; } /* Execute the byte-code in FUN. ARGS_TEMPLATE is the function arity encoded as an integer (the one in FUN is ignored), and ARGS, of size NARGS, should be a vector of the actual arguments. The arguments in ARGS are pushed on the stack according to ARGS_TEMPLATE before executing FUN. */ Lisp_Object exec_byte_code (Lisp_Object fun, ptrdiff_t args_template, ptrdiff_t nargs, Lisp_Object *args) { #ifdef BYTE_CODE_METER int volatile this_op = 0; #endif unsigned char quitcounter = 1; struct bc_thread_state *bc = ¤t_thread->bc; /* Values used for the first stack record when called from C. */ Lisp_Object *top = NULL; unsigned char const *pc = NULL; Lisp_Object bytestr = AREF (fun, COMPILED_BYTECODE); setup_frame: ; eassert (!STRING_MULTIBYTE (bytestr)); eassert (string_immovable_p (bytestr)); /* FIXME: in debug mode (!NDEBUG, BYTE_CODE_SAFE or enabled checking), save the specpdl index on function entry and check that it is the same when returning, to detect unwind imbalances. This would require adding a field to the frame header. */ Lisp_Object vector = AREF (fun, COMPILED_CONSTANTS); Lisp_Object maxdepth = AREF (fun, COMPILED_STACK_DEPTH); ptrdiff_t const_length = ASIZE (vector); ptrdiff_t bytestr_length = SCHARS (bytestr); Lisp_Object *vectorp = XVECTOR (vector)->contents; EMACS_INT max_stack = XFIXNAT (maxdepth); Lisp_Object *frame_base = bc->fp->next_stack; struct bc_frame *fp = (struct bc_frame *)(frame_base + max_stack); if ((char *)fp->next_stack > bc->stack_end) error ("Bytecode stack overflow"); /* Save the function object so that the bytecode and vector are held from removal by the GC. */ fp->fun = fun; /* Save previous stack pointer and pc in the new frame. If we came directly from outside, these will be NULL. */ fp->saved_top = top; fp->saved_pc = pc; fp->saved_fp = bc->fp; bc->fp = fp; top = frame_base - 1; unsigned char const *bytestr_data = SDATA (bytestr); pc = bytestr_data; /* ARGS_TEMPLATE is composed of bit fields: bits 0..6 minimum number of arguments bits 7 1 iff &rest argument present bits 8..14 maximum number of arguments */ bool rest = (args_template & 128) != 0; int mandatory = args_template & 127; ptrdiff_t nonrest = args_template >> 8; if (! (mandatory <= nargs && (rest || nargs <= nonrest))) Fsignal (Qwrong_number_of_arguments, list2 (Fcons (make_fixnum (mandatory), make_fixnum (nonrest)), make_fixnum (nargs))); ptrdiff_t pushedargs = min (nonrest, nargs); for (ptrdiff_t i = 0; i < pushedargs; i++, args++) PUSH (*args); if (nonrest < nargs) PUSH (Flist (nargs - nonrest, args)); else for (ptrdiff_t i = nargs - rest; i < nonrest; i++) PUSH (Qnil); while (true) { int op; enum handlertype type; if (BYTE_CODE_SAFE && !valid_sp (bc, top)) emacs_abort (); #ifdef BYTE_CODE_METER int prev_op = this_op; this_op = op = FETCH; METER_CODE (prev_op, op); #elif !defined BYTE_CODE_THREADED op = FETCH; #endif /* The interpreter can be compiled one of two ways: as an ordinary switch-based interpreter, or as a threaded interpreter. The threaded interpreter relies on GCC's computed goto extension, so it is not available everywhere. Threading provides a performance boost. These macros are how we allow the code to be compiled both ways. */ #ifdef BYTE_CODE_THREADED /* The CASE macro introduces an instruction's body. It is either a label or a case label. */ #define CASE(OP) insn_ ## OP /* NEXT is invoked at the end of an instruction to go to the next instruction. It is either a computed goto, or a plain break. */ #define NEXT goto *(targets[op = FETCH]) /* FIRST is like NEXT, but is only used at the start of the interpreter body. In the switch-based interpreter it is the switch, so the threaded definition must include a semicolon. */ #define FIRST NEXT; /* Most cases are labeled with the CASE macro, above. CASE_DEFAULT is one exception; it is used if the interpreter being built requires a default case. The threaded interpreter does not, because the dispatch table is completely filled. */ #define CASE_DEFAULT /* This introduces an instruction that is known to call abort. */ #define CASE_ABORT CASE (Bstack_ref): CASE (default) #else /* See above for the meaning of the various defines. */ #define CASE(OP) case OP #define NEXT break #define FIRST switch (op) #define CASE_DEFAULT case 255: default: #define CASE_ABORT case 0 #endif #ifdef BYTE_CODE_THREADED /* This is the dispatch table for the threaded interpreter. */ static const void *const targets[256] = { [0 ... (Bconstant - 1)] = &&insn_default, [Bconstant ... 255] = &&insn_Bconstant, #define DEFINE(name, value) [name] = &&insn_ ## name, BYTE_CODES #undef DEFINE }; #endif FIRST { CASE (Bvarref7): op = FETCH2; goto varref; CASE (Bvarref): CASE (Bvarref1): CASE (Bvarref2): CASE (Bvarref3): CASE (Bvarref4): CASE (Bvarref5): op -= Bvarref; goto varref; /* This seems to be the most frequently executed byte-code among the Bvarref's, so avoid a goto here. */ CASE (Bvarref6): op = FETCH; varref: { Lisp_Object v1 = vectorp[op], v2; if (!SYMBOLP (v1) || XSYMBOL (v1)->u.s.redirect != SYMBOL_PLAINVAL || (v2 = SYMBOL_VAL (XSYMBOL (v1)), BASE_EQ (v2, Qunbound))) v2 = Fsymbol_value (v1); PUSH (v2); NEXT; } CASE (Bgotoifnil): { Lisp_Object v1 = POP; op = FETCH2; if (NILP (v1)) goto op_branch; NEXT; } CASE (Bcar): if (CONSP (TOP)) TOP = XCAR (TOP); else if (!NILP (TOP)) wrong_type_argument (Qlistp, TOP); NEXT; CASE (Beq): { Lisp_Object v1 = POP; TOP = EQ (v1, TOP) ? Qt : Qnil; NEXT; } CASE (Bmemq): { Lisp_Object v1 = POP; TOP = Fmemq (TOP, v1); NEXT; } CASE (Bcdr): { if (CONSP (TOP)) TOP = XCDR (TOP); else if (!NILP (TOP)) wrong_type_argument (Qlistp, TOP); NEXT; } CASE (Bvarset): CASE (Bvarset1): CASE (Bvarset2): CASE (Bvarset3): CASE (Bvarset4): CASE (Bvarset5): op -= Bvarset; goto varset; CASE (Bvarset7): op = FETCH2; goto varset; CASE (Bvarset6): op = FETCH; varset: { Lisp_Object sym = vectorp[op]; Lisp_Object val = POP; /* Inline the most common case. */ if (SYMBOLP (sym) && !BASE_EQ (val, Qunbound) && XSYMBOL (sym)->u.s.redirect == SYMBOL_PLAINVAL && !SYMBOL_TRAPPED_WRITE_P (sym)) SET_SYMBOL_VAL (XSYMBOL (sym), val); else set_internal (sym, val, Qnil, SET_INTERNAL_SET); } NEXT; CASE (Bdup): { Lisp_Object v1 = TOP; PUSH (v1); NEXT; } /* ------------------ */ CASE (Bvarbind6): op = FETCH; goto varbind; CASE (Bvarbind7): op = FETCH2; goto varbind; CASE (Bvarbind): CASE (Bvarbind1): CASE (Bvarbind2): CASE (Bvarbind3): CASE (Bvarbind4): CASE (Bvarbind5): op -= Bvarbind; varbind: /* Specbind can signal and thus GC. */ specbind (vectorp[op], POP); NEXT; CASE (Bcall6): op = FETCH; goto docall; CASE (Bcall7): op = FETCH2; goto docall; CASE (Bcall): CASE (Bcall1): CASE (Bcall2): CASE (Bcall3): CASE (Bcall4): CASE (Bcall5): op -= Bcall; docall: { DISCARD (op); #ifdef BYTE_CODE_METER if (byte_metering_on && SYMBOLP (TOP)) { Lisp_Object v1 = TOP; Lisp_Object v2 = Fget (v1, Qbyte_code_meter); if (FIXNUMP (v2) && XFIXNUM (v2) < MOST_POSITIVE_FIXNUM) { XSETINT (v2, XFIXNUM (v2) + 1); Fput (v1, Qbyte_code_meter, v2); } } #endif maybe_quit (); if (++lisp_eval_depth > max_lisp_eval_depth) { if (max_lisp_eval_depth < 100) max_lisp_eval_depth = 100; if (lisp_eval_depth > max_lisp_eval_depth) error ("Lisp nesting exceeds `max-lisp-eval-depth'"); } ptrdiff_t call_nargs = op; Lisp_Object call_fun = TOP; Lisp_Object *call_args = &TOP + 1; specpdl_ref count1 = record_in_backtrace (call_fun, call_args, call_nargs); maybe_gc (); if (debug_on_next_call) do_debug_on_call (Qlambda, count1); Lisp_Object original_fun = call_fun; if (SYMBOLP (call_fun)) call_fun = XSYMBOL (call_fun)->u.s.function; Lisp_Object template; Lisp_Object bytecode; if (COMPILEDP (call_fun) // Lexical binding only. && (template = AREF (call_fun, COMPILED_ARGLIST), FIXNUMP (template)) // No autoloads. && (bytecode = AREF (call_fun, COMPILED_BYTECODE), !CONSP (bytecode))) { fun = call_fun; bytestr = bytecode; args_template = XFIXNUM (template); nargs = call_nargs; args = call_args; goto setup_frame; } Lisp_Object val; if (SUBRP (call_fun) && !SUBR_NATIVE_COMPILED_DYNP (call_fun)) val = funcall_subr (XSUBR (call_fun), call_nargs, call_args); else val = funcall_general (original_fun, call_nargs, call_args); lisp_eval_depth--; if (backtrace_debug_on_exit (specpdl_ptr - 1)) val = call_debugger (list2 (Qexit, val)); specpdl_ptr--; TOP = val; NEXT; } CASE (Bunbind6): op = FETCH; goto dounbind; CASE (Bunbind7): op = FETCH2; goto dounbind; CASE (Bunbind): CASE (Bunbind1): CASE (Bunbind2): CASE (Bunbind3): CASE (Bunbind4): CASE (Bunbind5): op -= Bunbind; dounbind: unbind_to (specpdl_ref_add (SPECPDL_INDEX (), -op), Qnil); NEXT; CASE (Bgoto): op = FETCH2; op_branch: op -= pc - bytestr_data; if (BYTE_CODE_SAFE && ! (bytestr_data - pc <= op && op < bytestr_data + bytestr_length - pc)) emacs_abort (); quitcounter += op < 0; if (!quitcounter) { quitcounter = 1; maybe_gc (); maybe_quit (); } pc += op; NEXT; CASE (Bgotoifnonnil): op = FETCH2; if (!NILP (POP)) goto op_branch; NEXT; CASE (Bgotoifnilelsepop): op = FETCH2; if (NILP (TOP)) goto op_branch; DISCARD (1); NEXT; CASE (Bgotoifnonnilelsepop): op = FETCH2; if (!NILP (TOP)) goto op_branch; DISCARD (1); NEXT; CASE (Breturn): { Lisp_Object *saved_top = bc->fp->saved_top; if (saved_top) { Lisp_Object val = TOP; lisp_eval_depth--; if (backtrace_debug_on_exit (specpdl_ptr - 1)) val = call_debugger (list2 (Qexit, val)); specpdl_ptr--; top = saved_top; pc = bc->fp->saved_pc; struct bc_frame *fp = bc->fp->saved_fp; bc->fp = fp; Lisp_Object fun = fp->fun; Lisp_Object bytestr = AREF (fun, COMPILED_BYTECODE); Lisp_Object vector = AREF (fun, COMPILED_CONSTANTS); bytestr_data = SDATA (bytestr); vectorp = XVECTOR (vector)->contents; if (BYTE_CODE_SAFE) { /* Only required for checking, not for execution. */ const_length = ASIZE (vector); bytestr_length = SCHARS (bytestr); } TOP = val; NEXT; } else goto exit; } CASE (Bdiscard): DISCARD (1); NEXT; CASE (Bconstant2): PUSH (vectorp[FETCH2]); NEXT; CASE (Bsave_excursion): record_unwind_protect_excursion (); NEXT; CASE (Bsave_current_buffer): /* Obsolete since ??. */ CASE (Bsave_current_buffer_1): record_unwind_current_buffer (); NEXT; CASE (Bsave_window_excursion): /* Obsolete since 24.1. */ { specpdl_ref count1 = SPECPDL_INDEX (); record_unwind_protect (restore_window_configuration, Fcurrent_window_configuration (Qnil)); TOP = Fprogn (TOP); unbind_to (count1, TOP); NEXT; } CASE (Bsave_restriction): record_unwind_protect (save_restriction_restore, save_restriction_save ()); NEXT; CASE (Bcatch): /* Obsolete since 25. */ { Lisp_Object v1 = POP; TOP = internal_catch (TOP, eval_sub, v1); NEXT; } CASE (Bpushcatch): /* New in 24.4. */ type = CATCHER; goto pushhandler; CASE (Bpushconditioncase): /* New in 24.4. */ type = CONDITION_CASE; pushhandler: { struct handler *c = push_handler (POP, type, __builtin_frame_address (0)); c->bytecode_dest = FETCH2; c->bytecode_top = top; if (sys_setjmp (c->jmp)) { struct handler *c = handlerlist; handlerlist = c->next; top = c->bytecode_top; op = c->bytecode_dest; struct bc_frame *fp = bc->fp; Lisp_Object fun = fp->fun; Lisp_Object bytestr = AREF (fun, COMPILED_BYTECODE); Lisp_Object vector = AREF (fun, COMPILED_CONSTANTS); bytestr_data = SDATA (bytestr); vectorp = XVECTOR (vector)->contents; if (BYTE_CODE_SAFE) { /* Only required for checking, not for execution. */ const_length = ASIZE (vector); bytestr_length = SCHARS (bytestr); } pc = bytestr_data; PUSH (c->val); goto op_branch; } NEXT; } CASE (Bpophandler): /* New in 24.4. */ handlerlist = handlerlist->next; NEXT; CASE (Bunwind_protect): /* FIXME: avoid closure for lexbind. */ { Lisp_Object handler = POP; /* Support for a function here is new in 24.4. */ record_unwind_protect (FUNCTIONP (handler) ? bcall0 : prog_ignore, handler); NEXT; } CASE (Bcondition_case): /* Obsolete since 25. */ { Lisp_Object handlers = POP, body = POP; TOP = internal_lisp_condition_case (TOP, body, handlers); NEXT; } CASE (Btemp_output_buffer_setup): /* Obsolete since 24.1. */ CHECK_STRING (TOP); temp_output_buffer_setup (SSDATA (TOP)); TOP = Vstandard_output; NEXT; CASE (Btemp_output_buffer_show): /* Obsolete since 24.1. */ { Lisp_Object v1 = POP; temp_output_buffer_show (TOP); TOP = v1; /* pop binding of standard-output */ unbind_to (specpdl_ref_add (SPECPDL_INDEX (), -1), Qnil); NEXT; } CASE (Bnth): { Lisp_Object v2 = POP, v1 = TOP; if (RANGED_FIXNUMP (0, v1, SMALL_LIST_LEN_MAX)) { for (EMACS_INT n = XFIXNUM (v1); 0 < n && CONSP (v2); n--) v2 = XCDR (v2); TOP = CAR (v2); } else TOP = Fnth (v1, v2); NEXT; } CASE (Bsymbolp): TOP = SYMBOLP (TOP) ? Qt : Qnil; NEXT; CASE (Bconsp): TOP = CONSP (TOP) ? Qt : Qnil; NEXT; CASE (Bstringp): TOP = STRINGP (TOP) ? Qt : Qnil; NEXT; CASE (Blistp): TOP = CONSP (TOP) || NILP (TOP) ? Qt : Qnil; NEXT; CASE (Bnot): TOP = NILP (TOP) ? Qt : Qnil; NEXT; CASE (Bcons): { Lisp_Object v1 = POP; TOP = Fcons (TOP, v1); NEXT; } CASE (Blist1): TOP = list1 (TOP); NEXT; CASE (Blist2): { Lisp_Object v1 = POP; TOP = list2 (TOP, v1); NEXT; } CASE (Blist3): DISCARD (2); TOP = list3 (TOP, top[1], top[2]); NEXT; CASE (Blist4): DISCARD (3); TOP = list4 (TOP, top[1], top[2], top[3]); NEXT; CASE (BlistN): op = FETCH; DISCARD (op - 1); TOP = Flist (op, &TOP); NEXT; CASE (Blength): TOP = Flength (TOP); NEXT; CASE (Baref): { Lisp_Object idxval = POP; Lisp_Object arrayval = TOP; ptrdiff_t size; ptrdiff_t idx; if (((VECTORP (arrayval) && (size = ASIZE (arrayval), true)) || (RECORDP (arrayval) && (size = PVSIZE (arrayval), true))) && FIXNUMP (idxval) && (idx = XFIXNUM (idxval), idx >= 0 && idx < size)) TOP = AREF (arrayval, idx); else TOP = Faref (arrayval, idxval); NEXT; } CASE (Baset): { Lisp_Object newelt = POP; Lisp_Object idxval = POP; Lisp_Object arrayval = TOP; ptrdiff_t size; ptrdiff_t idx; if (((VECTORP (arrayval) && (size = ASIZE (arrayval), true)) || (RECORDP (arrayval) && (size = PVSIZE (arrayval), true))) && FIXNUMP (idxval) && (idx = XFIXNUM (idxval), idx >= 0 && idx < size)) { ASET (arrayval, idx, newelt); TOP = newelt; } else TOP = Faset (arrayval, idxval, newelt); NEXT; } CASE (Bsymbol_value): TOP = Fsymbol_value (TOP); NEXT; CASE (Bsymbol_function): TOP = Fsymbol_function (TOP); NEXT; CASE (Bset): { Lisp_Object v1 = POP; TOP = Fset (TOP, v1); NEXT; } CASE (Bfset): { Lisp_Object v1 = POP; TOP = Ffset (TOP, v1); NEXT; } CASE (Bget): { Lisp_Object v1 = POP; TOP = Fget (TOP, v1); NEXT; } CASE (Bsubstring): { Lisp_Object v2 = POP, v1 = POP; TOP = Fsubstring (TOP, v1, v2); NEXT; } CASE (Bconcat2): DISCARD (1); TOP = Fconcat (2, &TOP); NEXT; CASE (Bconcat3): DISCARD (2); TOP = Fconcat (3, &TOP); NEXT; CASE (Bconcat4): DISCARD (3); TOP = Fconcat (4, &TOP); NEXT; CASE (BconcatN): op = FETCH; DISCARD (op - 1); TOP = Fconcat (op, &TOP); NEXT; CASE (Bsub1): TOP = (FIXNUMP (TOP) && XFIXNUM (TOP) != MOST_NEGATIVE_FIXNUM ? make_fixnum (XFIXNUM (TOP) - 1) : Fsub1 (TOP)); NEXT; CASE (Badd1): TOP = (FIXNUMP (TOP) && XFIXNUM (TOP) != MOST_POSITIVE_FIXNUM ? make_fixnum (XFIXNUM (TOP) + 1) : Fadd1 (TOP)); NEXT; CASE (Beqlsign): { Lisp_Object v2 = POP; Lisp_Object v1 = TOP; if (FIXNUMP (v1) && FIXNUMP (v2)) TOP = BASE_EQ (v1, v2) ? Qt : Qnil; else TOP = arithcompare (v1, v2, ARITH_EQUAL); NEXT; } CASE (Bgtr): { Lisp_Object v2 = POP; Lisp_Object v1 = TOP; if (FIXNUMP (v1) && FIXNUMP (v2)) TOP = XFIXNUM (v1) > XFIXNUM (v2) ? Qt : Qnil; else TOP = arithcompare (v1, v2, ARITH_GRTR); NEXT; } CASE (Blss): { Lisp_Object v2 = POP; Lisp_Object v1 = TOP; if (FIXNUMP (v1) && FIXNUMP (v2)) TOP = XFIXNUM (v1) < XFIXNUM (v2) ? Qt : Qnil; else TOP = arithcompare (v1, v2, ARITH_LESS); NEXT; } CASE (Bleq): { Lisp_Object v2 = POP; Lisp_Object v1 = TOP; if (FIXNUMP (v1) && FIXNUMP (v2)) TOP = XFIXNUM (v1) <= XFIXNUM (v2) ? Qt : Qnil; else TOP = arithcompare (v1, v2, ARITH_LESS_OR_EQUAL); NEXT; } CASE (Bgeq): { Lisp_Object v2 = POP; Lisp_Object v1 = TOP; if (FIXNUMP (v1) && FIXNUMP (v2)) TOP = XFIXNUM (v1) >= XFIXNUM (v2) ? Qt : Qnil; else TOP = arithcompare (v1, v2, ARITH_GRTR_OR_EQUAL); NEXT; } CASE (Bdiff): { Lisp_Object v2 = POP; Lisp_Object v1 = TOP; EMACS_INT res; if (FIXNUMP (v1) && FIXNUMP (v2) && (res = XFIXNUM (v1) - XFIXNUM (v2), !FIXNUM_OVERFLOW_P (res))) TOP = make_fixnum (res); else TOP = Fminus (2, &TOP); NEXT; } CASE (Bnegate): TOP = (FIXNUMP (TOP) && XFIXNUM (TOP) != MOST_NEGATIVE_FIXNUM ? make_fixnum (- XFIXNUM (TOP)) : Fminus (1, &TOP)); NEXT; CASE (Bplus): { Lisp_Object v2 = POP; Lisp_Object v1 = TOP; EMACS_INT res; if (FIXNUMP (v1) && FIXNUMP (v2) && (res = XFIXNUM (v1) + XFIXNUM (v2), !FIXNUM_OVERFLOW_P (res))) TOP = make_fixnum (res); else TOP = Fplus (2, &TOP); NEXT; } CASE (Bmax): { Lisp_Object v2 = POP; Lisp_Object v1 = TOP; if (FIXNUMP (v1) && FIXNUMP (v2)) { if (XFIXNUM (v2) > XFIXNUM (v1)) TOP = v2; } else TOP = Fmax (2, &TOP); NEXT; } CASE (Bmin): { Lisp_Object v2 = POP; Lisp_Object v1 = TOP; if (FIXNUMP (v1) && FIXNUMP (v2)) { if (XFIXNUM (v2) < XFIXNUM (v1)) TOP = v2; } else TOP = Fmin (2, &TOP); NEXT; } CASE (Bmult): { Lisp_Object v2 = POP; Lisp_Object v1 = TOP; intmax_t res; if (FIXNUMP (v1) && FIXNUMP (v2) && !INT_MULTIPLY_WRAPV (XFIXNUM (v1), XFIXNUM (v2), &res) && !FIXNUM_OVERFLOW_P (res)) TOP = make_fixnum (res); else TOP = Ftimes (2, &TOP); NEXT; } CASE (Bquo): { Lisp_Object v2 = POP; Lisp_Object v1 = TOP; EMACS_INT res; if (FIXNUMP (v1) && FIXNUMP (v2) && XFIXNUM (v2) != 0 && (res = XFIXNUM (v1) / XFIXNUM (v2), !FIXNUM_OVERFLOW_P (res))) TOP = make_fixnum (res); else TOP = Fquo (2, &TOP); NEXT; } CASE (Brem): { Lisp_Object v2 = POP; Lisp_Object v1 = TOP; if (FIXNUMP (v1) && FIXNUMP (v2) && XFIXNUM (v2) != 0) TOP = make_fixnum (XFIXNUM (v1) % XFIXNUM (v2)); else TOP = Frem (v1, v2); NEXT; } CASE (Bpoint): PUSH (make_fixed_natnum (PT)); NEXT; CASE (Bgoto_char): TOP = Fgoto_char (TOP); NEXT; CASE (Binsert): TOP = Finsert (1, &TOP); NEXT; CASE (BinsertN): op = FETCH; DISCARD (op - 1); TOP = Finsert (op, &TOP); NEXT; CASE (Bpoint_max): PUSH (make_fixed_natnum (ZV)); NEXT; CASE (Bpoint_min): PUSH (make_fixed_natnum (BEGV)); NEXT; CASE (Bchar_after): TOP = Fchar_after (TOP); NEXT; CASE (Bfollowing_char): PUSH (Ffollowing_char ()); NEXT; CASE (Bpreceding_char): PUSH (Fprevious_char ()); NEXT; CASE (Bcurrent_column): PUSH (make_fixed_natnum (current_column ())); NEXT; CASE (Bindent_to): TOP = Findent_to (TOP, Qnil); NEXT; CASE (Beolp): PUSH (Feolp ()); NEXT; CASE (Beobp): PUSH (Feobp ()); NEXT; CASE (Bbolp): PUSH (Fbolp ()); NEXT; CASE (Bbobp): PUSH (Fbobp ()); NEXT; CASE (Bcurrent_buffer): PUSH (Fcurrent_buffer ()); NEXT; CASE (Bset_buffer): TOP = Fset_buffer (TOP); NEXT; CASE (Binteractive_p): /* Obsolete since 24.1. */ PUSH (call0 (intern ("interactive-p"))); NEXT; CASE (Bforward_char): TOP = Fforward_char (TOP); NEXT; CASE (Bforward_word): TOP = Fforward_word (TOP); NEXT; CASE (Bskip_chars_forward): { Lisp_Object v1 = POP; TOP = Fskip_chars_forward (TOP, v1); NEXT; } CASE (Bskip_chars_backward): { Lisp_Object v1 = POP; TOP = Fskip_chars_backward (TOP, v1); NEXT; } CASE (Bforward_line): TOP = Fforward_line (TOP); NEXT; CASE (Bchar_syntax): TOP = Fchar_syntax (TOP); NEXT; CASE (Bbuffer_substring): { Lisp_Object v1 = POP; TOP = Fbuffer_substring (TOP, v1); NEXT; } CASE (Bdelete_region): { Lisp_Object v1 = POP; TOP = Fdelete_region (TOP, v1); NEXT; } CASE (Bnarrow_to_region): { Lisp_Object v1 = POP; TOP = Fnarrow_to_region (TOP, v1); NEXT; } CASE (Bwiden): PUSH (Fwiden ()); NEXT; CASE (Bend_of_line): TOP = Fend_of_line (TOP); NEXT; CASE (Bset_marker): { Lisp_Object v2 = POP, v1 = POP; TOP = Fset_marker (TOP, v1, v2); NEXT; } CASE (Bmatch_beginning): TOP = Fmatch_beginning (TOP); NEXT; CASE (Bmatch_end): TOP = Fmatch_end (TOP); NEXT; CASE (Bupcase): TOP = Fupcase (TOP); NEXT; CASE (Bdowncase): TOP = Fdowncase (TOP); NEXT; CASE (Bstringeqlsign): { Lisp_Object v1 = POP; TOP = Fstring_equal (TOP, v1); NEXT; } CASE (Bstringlss): { Lisp_Object v1 = POP; TOP = Fstring_lessp (TOP, v1); NEXT; } CASE (Bequal): { Lisp_Object v1 = POP; TOP = Fequal (TOP, v1); NEXT; } CASE (Bnthcdr): { Lisp_Object v1 = POP; TOP = Fnthcdr (TOP, v1); NEXT; } CASE (Belt): { Lisp_Object v2 = POP, v1 = TOP; if (CONSP (v1) && RANGED_FIXNUMP (0, v2, SMALL_LIST_LEN_MAX)) { /* Like the fast case for Bnth, but with args reversed. */ for (EMACS_INT n = XFIXNUM (v2); 0 < n && CONSP (v1); n--) v1 = XCDR (v1); TOP = CAR (v1); } else TOP = Felt (v1, v2); NEXT; } CASE (Bmember): { Lisp_Object v1 = POP; TOP = Fmember (TOP, v1); NEXT; } CASE (Bassq): { Lisp_Object v1 = POP; TOP = Fassq (TOP, v1); NEXT; } CASE (Bnreverse): TOP = Fnreverse (TOP); NEXT; CASE (Bsetcar): { Lisp_Object newval = POP; Lisp_Object cell = TOP; CHECK_CONS (cell); CHECK_IMPURE (cell, XCONS (cell)); XSETCAR (cell, newval); TOP = newval; NEXT; } CASE (Bsetcdr): { Lisp_Object newval = POP; Lisp_Object cell = TOP; CHECK_CONS (cell); CHECK_IMPURE (cell, XCONS (cell)); XSETCDR (cell, newval); TOP = newval; NEXT; } CASE (Bcar_safe): TOP = CAR_SAFE (TOP); NEXT; CASE (Bcdr_safe): TOP = CDR_SAFE (TOP); NEXT; CASE (Bnconc): DISCARD (1); TOP = Fnconc (2, &TOP); NEXT; CASE (Bnumberp): TOP = NUMBERP (TOP) ? Qt : Qnil; NEXT; CASE (Bintegerp): TOP = INTEGERP (TOP) ? Qt : Qnil; NEXT; CASE_ABORT: /* Actually this is Bstack_ref with offset 0, but we use Bdup for that instead. */ /* CASE (Bstack_ref): */ error ("Invalid byte opcode: op=%d, ptr=%"pD"d", op, pc - 1 - bytestr_data); /* Handy byte-codes for lexical binding. */ CASE (Bstack_ref1): CASE (Bstack_ref2): CASE (Bstack_ref3): CASE (Bstack_ref4): CASE (Bstack_ref5): { Lisp_Object v1 = top[Bstack_ref - op]; PUSH (v1); NEXT; } CASE (Bstack_ref6): { Lisp_Object v1 = top[- FETCH]; PUSH (v1); NEXT; } CASE (Bstack_ref7): { Lisp_Object v1 = top[- FETCH2]; PUSH (v1); NEXT; } CASE (Bstack_set): /* stack-set-0 = discard; stack-set-1 = discard-1-preserve-tos. */ { Lisp_Object *ptr = top - FETCH; *ptr = POP; NEXT; } CASE (Bstack_set2): { Lisp_Object *ptr = top - FETCH2; *ptr = POP; NEXT; } CASE (BdiscardN): op = FETCH; if (op & 0x80) { op &= 0x7F; top[-op] = TOP; } DISCARD (op); NEXT; CASE (Bswitch): { /* TODO: Perhaps introduce another byte-code for switch when the number of cases is less, which uses a simple vector for linear search as the jump table. */ Lisp_Object jmp_table = POP; if (BYTE_CODE_SAFE && !HASH_TABLE_P (jmp_table)) emacs_abort (); Lisp_Object v1 = POP; ptrdiff_t i; struct Lisp_Hash_Table *h = XHASH_TABLE (jmp_table); /* h->count is a faster approximation for HASH_TABLE_SIZE (h) here. */ if (h->count <= 5 && !h->test.cmpfn) { /* Do a linear search if there are not many cases FIXME: 5 is arbitrarily chosen. */ for (i = h->count; 0 <= --i; ) if (EQ (v1, HASH_KEY (h, i))) break; } else i = hash_lookup (h, v1, NULL); if (i >= 0) { Lisp_Object val = HASH_VALUE (h, i); if (BYTE_CODE_SAFE && !FIXNUMP (val)) emacs_abort (); op = XFIXNUM (val); goto op_branch; } } NEXT; CASE_DEFAULT CASE (Bconstant): if (BYTE_CODE_SAFE && ! (Bconstant <= op && op < Bconstant + const_length)) emacs_abort (); PUSH (vectorp[op - Bconstant]); NEXT; } } exit: bc->fp = bc->fp->saved_fp; Lisp_Object result = TOP; return result; } /* `args_template' has the same meaning as in exec_byte_code() above. */ Lisp_Object get_byte_code_arity (Lisp_Object args_template) { eassert (FIXNATP (args_template)); EMACS_INT at = XFIXNUM (args_template); bool rest = (at & 128) != 0; int mandatory = at & 127; EMACS_INT nonrest = at >> 8; return Fcons (make_fixnum (mandatory), rest ? Qmany : make_fixnum (nonrest)); } void syms_of_bytecode (void) { defsubr (&Sbyte_code); defsubr (&Sinternal_stack_stats); #ifdef BYTE_CODE_METER DEFVAR_LISP ("byte-code-meter", Vbyte_code_meter, doc: /* A vector of vectors which holds a histogram of byte-code usage. \(aref (aref byte-code-meter 0) CODE) indicates how many times the byte opcode CODE has been executed. \(aref (aref byte-code-meter CODE1) CODE2), where CODE1 is not 0, indicates how many times the byte opcodes CODE1 and CODE2 have been executed in succession. */); DEFVAR_BOOL ("byte-metering-on", byte_metering_on, doc: /* If non-nil, keep profiling information on byte code usage. The variable byte-code-meter indicates how often each byte opcode is used. If a symbol has a property named `byte-code-meter' whose value is an integer, it is incremented each time that symbol's function is called. */); byte_metering_on = false; Vbyte_code_meter = make_nil_vector (256); DEFSYM (Qbyte_code_meter, "byte-code-meter"); for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) ASET (Vbyte_code_meter, i, make_vector (256, make_fixnum (0))); #endif }